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Volumn 277, Issue 5327, 1997, Pages 821-825

Neural correlates of motor memory consolidation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BRAIN; HUMAN; LEARNING; MEMORY CONSOLIDATION; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TASK PERFORMANCE;

EID: 0030763775     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.277.5327.821     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (803)

References (83)
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    • Images were realigned and normalized with SPM96 software [K. Friston et al., Hum. Brain Mapp. 2, 189 (1995)]. The scans from each participant were realigned with the first image used as a reference. AT1 weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI) was coregistered to the mean PET image for each participant and then stereotactically transformed to a standard MRI template in the Talairach and Tournoux space. The resulting transformation matrix was applied to the PET images. The normalized PET images were smoothed with an Isotropic Gaussian filter (ful width at half maximum of 12 mm). The normalized MRI scans were combined to generate a population-specific anatomic atlas. Based on a distance measure [R. P. Woods, S. R. Cherry, J. C. Mazziotta, J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 115, 565 (1992)] between the individual MRIs and the atlas, the median brain among the population of participants was labeled as typical. Smoothed, normalized PET data were analyzed with the use of SPM software with a multisubject block design, two replications per condition, and an analysis of covariance global normalization. Participant and global brain activity were two covariates of no interest, and the conditions of the task were the covariates of interest. The search volume was from z = -30 mm to z = 60 mm and did not allow a complete view of the cerebellum. In the parametric test, the contrasts represented the average movement length per condition. In the subtraction tests, the contrasts were -1 and 1 (or 1 and -1) for the conditions of interest. We considered as significant regions where voxel-level Z valrues exceeded 4.4 so that the corrected P < 0.05. We also considered as significant regions in the sensorimotor system that we had selected a priori, where voxel-level Z values exceeded 3.09. These regions were the primary sensorimotor, the premotor, and the supplementary motor areas, the striaturn, and the cerebellum.
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    • note
    • We thank K. Akhavan-Toyserkani, Z. Zhao, K. Thoroughman, M. Smith, B. S. Yu, S. Wise, and the scientists at the Johns Hopkins PET facility, led by R. Dannals. This work was funded in part by the Whitaker Foundation, the National Institute of Mental Health, and the Office of Naval Research.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.