메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 179-190

Molecular epidemiology: Cancer risk assessment using biomarkers for detecting early health effects in individuals exposed to occupational and environmental carcinogens

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CARCINOGEN;

EID: 0030704244     PISSN: 00487554     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/REVEH.1997.12.3.179     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (19)

References (61)
  • 1
    • 0027884904 scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers and Risk Assessment: Concepts and Principles
    • Geneva: WHO
    • World Health Organization. Biomarkers and Risk Assessment: Concepts and Principles. Environmental Health Criteria 155. Geneva: WHO, 1993.
    • (1993) Environmental Health Criteria , vol.155
  • 2
    • 0026688856 scopus 로고
    • The molecular epidemiology of oncoproteins
    • Brandt-Rauf PW. The molecular epidemiology of oncoproteins. Scand J. Work Environ Health 1992; 18: 46-49.
    • (1992) Scand J. Work Environ Health , vol.18 , pp. 46-49
    • Brandt-Rauf, P.W.1
  • 3
    • 0002742287 scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology and environmental carcinogenesis of the lung
    • Brandt-Rauf PW, Smith SJ, Perera FP. Molecular epidemiology and environmental carcinogenesis of the lung. Probl Respir Care 1990; 3: 44-61.
    • (1990) Probl Respir Care , vol.3 , pp. 44-61
    • Brandt-Rauf, P.W.1    Smith, S.J.2    Perera, F.P.3
  • 5
    • 0028556753 scopus 로고
    • The genetics of human cancer: Implications for ecotoxicology
    • McMahon G. The genetics of human cancer: Implications for ecotoxicology. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102: 75-80.
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , pp. 75-80
    • McMahon, G.1
  • 7
    • 0042949995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of biomarkers in detecting early changes relating to exposure to occupational carcinogens
    • Shaham J, Ribak J. The role of biomarkers in detecting early changes relating to exposure to occupational carcinogens. J Occup Health 1996; 38: 170-178.
    • (1996) J Occup Health , vol.38 , pp. 170-178
    • Shaham, J.1    Ribak, J.2
  • 8
    • 9844260276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic monitoring: Experiences, possibilities, and applications in occupational health practices
    • Sorsa M. Genetic monitoring: Experiences, possibilities, and applications in occupational health practices. Int J Occup Environ Health 1996; 2: 554-556.
    • (1996) Int J Occup Environ Health , vol.2 , pp. 554-556
    • Sorsa, M.1
  • 9
    • 0029832847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of needs in biomarker research
    • Ward JB, Henderson RE. Identification of needs in biomarker research. Environ Health Perspect 1996; 104: 895-900.
    • (1996) Environ Health Perspect , vol.104 , pp. 895-900
    • Ward, J.B.1    Henderson, R.E.2
  • 10
    • 0025191950 scopus 로고
    • Oncogenes and their applications in epidemiological studies
    • Brandt-Rauf PW. Oncogenes and their applications in epidemiological studies. Am J Epidemiol 1990; 131: 1099-1100.
    • (1990) Am J Epidemiol , vol.131 , pp. 1099-1100
    • Brandt-Rauf, P.W.1
  • 11
    • 0026691311 scopus 로고
    • Oncogenes and oncoproteins in occupational carcinogensis
    • Brandt-Rauf PW. Oncogenes and oncoproteins in occupational carcinogensis. Scand J Work Environ Health 1992; 18: 27-30.
    • (1992) Scand J Work Environ Health , vol.18 , pp. 27-30
    • Brandt-Rauf, P.W.1
  • 12
    • 0027506641 scopus 로고
    • Critical aspects of initiation, promotion and progression in multistage epidermal carcinogenesis
    • Hennings H, Glick AB, Greenhalgh DA, et al. Critical aspects of initiation, promotion and progression in multistage epidermal carcinogenesis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1993; 202: 1-8.
    • (1993) Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , vol.202 , pp. 1-8
    • Hennings, H.1    Glick, A.B.2    Greenhalgh, D.A.3
  • 13
    • 0346507047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers used for assessment of cancer risk in populations living in areas of high potential carcinogenic hazard (near communal and chemical waste dumping sites)
    • Subramanian KS, Iyengar GV, eds, Washington, DC: American Chem Soc
    • Indulski JA, Lutz W. Biomarkers used for assessment of cancer risk in populations living in areas of high potential carcinogenic hazard (near communal and chemical waste dumping sites). In: Subramanian KS, Iyengar GV, eds, Environmental Biomonitoring. Exposure Assessment and Specimen Banking. Washington, DC: American Chem Soc, 1997; 195-205.
    • (1997) Environmental Biomonitoring. Exposure Assessment and Specimen Banking , pp. 195-205
    • Indulski, J.A.1    Lutz, W.2
  • 15
    • 0029129016 scopus 로고
    • Hemoglobin adducts for in vivo dose monitoring and cancer risk estimation
    • Tornqvist M, Landin HH. Hemoglobin adducts for in vivo dose monitoring and cancer risk estimation. J Occup Environ Med 1995; 37:1077-1084.
    • (1995) J Occup Environ Med , vol.37 , pp. 1077-1084
    • Tornqvist, M.1    Landin, H.H.2
  • 16
    • 0026601982 scopus 로고
    • Carcinogens leave fingerrints
    • Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW. Carcinogens leave fingerrints. Nature 1992; 355: 209-210.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.355 , pp. 209-210
    • Vogelstein, B.1    Kinzler, K.W.2
  • 17
    • 0028258440 scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers: The clues to genetic susceptibility
    • Eubanks M. Biomarkers: The clues to genetic susceptibility. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102: 50-56.
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , pp. 50-56
    • Eubanks, M.1
  • 18
    • 0027315472 scopus 로고
    • Urinary markers for measuring exposure to endogenous and exogenous alkylating agents and precursors
    • Shuker D, Prevost V, Friesen MD, et al. Urinary markers for measuring exposure to endogenous and exogenous alkylating agents and precursors. Environ Health Perspect 1993; 99: 33-37.
    • (1993) Environ Health Perspect , vol.99 , pp. 33-37
    • Shuker, D.1    Prevost, V.2    Friesen, M.D.3
  • 19
    • 0025282111 scopus 로고
    • Post-abeling of immunoassay of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adducts of deoxyribonucleic acid in white blood cells of foundry workers
    • Hemminki K, Randerath K, Reddy MV, et al. Post-abeling of immunoassay of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adducts of deoxyribonucleic acid in white blood cells of foundry workers. Scand J Work Environ Health 1990; 16: 158-162.
    • (1990) Scand J Work Environ Health , vol.16 , pp. 158-162
    • Hemminki, K.1    Randerath, K.2    Reddy, M.V.3
  • 20
    • 0025311339 scopus 로고
    • Acetylation phenotype, carcinogen-hemoglobin adducts and cigarette smoking
    • Vineis P, Caporaso N, Tannenbaum SR, et al. Acetylation phenotype, carcinogen-hemoglobin adducts and cigarette smoking. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 3002-3004.
    • (1990) Cancer Res , vol.50 , pp. 3002-3004
    • Vineis, P.1    Caporaso, N.2    Tannenbaum, S.R.3
  • 21
    • 0023198636 scopus 로고
    • 1guanine adducts and hepatitis B virus infection in areas with different liver cancer incidence in Kenya
    • 1guanine adducts and hepatitis B virus infection in areas with different liver cancer incidence in Kenya. Cancer Res 1987; 47: 3430-3433.
    • (1987) Cancer Res , vol.47 , pp. 3430-3433
    • Autrup, H.1    Seremet, A.2    Wakhishi, J.3
  • 22
    • 0029985409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA-protein crosslinks, a biomarker of exposure to formaldehyde in vitro and in vivo studies
    • Shaham J, Bomstein Y, Melzer A, et al. DNA-protein crosslinks, a biomarker of exposure to formaldehyde in vitro and in vivo studies. Carcinogenesis 1996; 17: 121-125.
    • (1996) Carcinogenesis , vol.17 , pp. 121-125
    • Shaham, J.1    Bomstein, Y.2    Melzer, A.3
  • 23
    • 0021182291 scopus 로고
    • Sister chromatid exchange in association with occupational exposure to ethylene oxide
    • Stolley PD, Soper KA, Galloway SM, et al. Sister chromatid exchange in association with occupational exposure to ethylene oxide. Mutat Res 1984; 129: 89-112.
    • (1984) Mutat Res , vol.129 , pp. 89-112
    • Stolley, P.D.1    Soper, K.A.2    Galloway, S.M.3
  • 24
    • 0023771421 scopus 로고
    • New markers for monitoring occupational cancer: The example of oncogene proteins
    • Brandt-Rauf PW. New markers for monitoring occupational cancer: The example of oncogene proteins. J Occup Med 1988; 30: 399-404.
    • (1988) J Occup Med , vol.30 , pp. 399-404
    • Brandt-Rauf, P.W.1
  • 25
    • 0027033760 scopus 로고
    • Oncogenes as markers for early detection of cancer
    • Cooper GM. Oncogenes as markers for early detection of cancer. J Cell Biochem 1992; Suppl 16G: 131-136.
    • (1992) J Cell Biochem , Issue.SUPPL. 16G , pp. 131-136
    • Cooper, G.M.1
  • 26
    • 0027056546 scopus 로고
    • Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes: New biochemical testes
    • Diamandis EP. Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes: New biochemical testes. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 1992; 29: 269-305.
    • (1992) Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci , vol.29 , pp. 269-305
    • Diamandis, E.P.1
  • 27
    • 0028147226 scopus 로고
    • Levels of p53 antigen in the serum of non-small lung cancer patients correlate with positive p53 immunohistochemistry on tumor sections, tumor necrosis and nodal involvement
    • Fontanini G, Fiore L, Bigini D, et al. Levels of p53 antigen in the serum of non-small lung cancer patients correlate with positive p53 immunohistochemistry on tumor sections, tumor necrosis and nodal involvement. Int J Oncol 1994; 5: 553-558.
    • (1994) Int J Oncol , vol.5 , pp. 553-558
    • Fontanini, G.1    Fiore, L.2    Bigini, D.3
  • 30
    • 0026674937 scopus 로고
    • Development of antibodies against p53 in lung cancer patients appears to be dependent on the type of p53 mutation
    • Winter Sf, Minna JD, Johnson BE, et al. Development of antibodies against p53 in lung cancer patients appears to be dependent on the type of p53 mutation. Cancer Res 1992; 52: 4168-4174.
    • (1992) Cancer Res , vol.52 , pp. 4168-4174
    • Winter, Sf.1    Minna, J.D.2    Johnson, B.E.3
  • 31
    • 0023840357 scopus 로고
    • SCE increases after an accidental acute inhalation exposure to Eto and recovery to normal after 2 years
    • Laurent C. SCE increases after an accidental acute inhalation exposure to ETO and recovery to normal after 2 years. Mutat Res 1988; 204: 711-717.
    • (1988) Mutat Res , vol.204 , pp. 711-717
    • Laurent, C.1
  • 32
    • 0025925491 scopus 로고
    • Studies of biological and chemical monitoring of low-level exposure to ethylene oxide
    • Sarto F, Tornqvist MA, Tomanin R, et al. Studies of biological and chemical monitoring of low-level exposure to ethylene oxide. Scand J Environ Health 1991; 119: 60-64.
    • (1991) Scand J Environ Health , vol.119 , pp. 60-64
    • Sarto, F.1    Tornqvist, M.A.2    Tomanin, R.3
  • 33
    • 0028210781 scopus 로고
    • Detection of oncogene mutations in sputum precedes diagnosis of lung cancer
    • Mao L, Hruban RH, Boyle JO, et al. Detection of oncogene mutations in sputum precedes diagnosis of lung cancer. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 1634-1637.
    • (1994) Cancer Res , vol.54 , pp. 1634-1637
    • Mao, L.1    Hruban, R.H.2    Boyle, J.O.3
  • 34
    • 0026948412 scopus 로고
    • Tumor-supressor genes: Cardinal factors in inherited predisposition to human cancers
    • Evans HJ, Prosser J. Tumor-supressor genes: Cardinal factors in inherited predisposition to human cancers, Environ Health Perspect 1992; 98: 25-37.
    • (1992) Environ Health Perspect , vol.98 , pp. 25-37
    • Evans, H.J.1    Prosser, J.2
  • 35
    • 0028124528 scopus 로고
    • P53 and human cancers
    • Lane DP. p53 and human cancers. Br Med Bull 1994; 50: 582-599.
    • (1994) Br Med Bull , vol.50 , pp. 582-599
    • Lane, D.P.1
  • 36
    • 0026338025 scopus 로고
    • Activation of K-ras gene by point mutation in human liver angiosarcoma associated with vinyl chloride exposure
    • Marion MJ, Froment O, Trepo C. Activation of K-ras gene by point mutation in human liver angiosarcoma associated with vinyl chloride exposure. Mol Carcinogenesis 1991; 4: 450-454.
    • (1991) Mol Carcinogenesis , vol.4 , pp. 450-454
    • Marion, M.J.1    Froment, O.2    Trepo, C.3
  • 37
    • 0030046638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P53 mutations in bladder tumors from arylamine-exposed workers
    • Taylor JA, Li Y, He M, et al. p53 mutations in bladder tumors from arylamine-exposed workers. Cancer Res 1996; 55: 294-298.
    • (1996) Cancer Res , vol.55 , pp. 294-298
    • Taylor, J.A.1    Li, Y.2    He, M.3
  • 38
    • 0028177683 scopus 로고
    • P53 mutation hot spot in radon-associated lung cancer
    • Taylor JA, Watson MA, Devereux TR, et al. p53 mutation hot spot in radon-associated lung cancer. Lancet 1994; 343: 86-87.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.343 , pp. 86-87
    • Taylor, J.A.1    Watson, M.A.2    Devereux, T.R.3
  • 39
    • 0026603663 scopus 로고
    • Mutations in p53 and ras genes in radon-associated lung cancer from uranium miners
    • Vahakangas KH, Samet JM, Metcalf RA, et al. Mutations in p53 and ras genes in radon-associated lung cancer from uranium miners. Lancet 1992; 339: 675-679.
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 675-679
    • Vahakangas, K.H.1    Samet, J.M.2    Metcalf, R.A.3
  • 40
    • 0025078541 scopus 로고
    • Correlation between oncogene protein expression and the development of neoplastic disease in workers exposed to carcinogens
    • Brandt-Rauf PW, Niman HL, Smith SJ. Correlation between oncogene protein expression and the development of neoplastic disease in workers exposed to carcinogens. J R Soc Med 1990; 83: 594-595.
    • (1990) J r Soc Med , vol.83 , pp. 594-595
    • Brandt-Rauf, P.W.1    Niman, H.L.2    Smith, S.J.3
  • 41
    • 0027858787 scopus 로고
    • Oncoproteins as biomarkers of preclinical form of cancer of the respiratory tract induced by environmental carcinogens
    • Lutz W, Sulkowski W, Krajewska B. Oncoproteins as biomarkers of preclinical form of cancer of the respiratory tract induced by environmental carcinogens. Pol J Occup Med Environ Health 1993; 6: 347-355.
    • (1993) Pol J Occup Med Environ Health , vol.6 , pp. 347-355
    • Lutz, W.1    Sulkowski, W.2    Krajewska, B.3
  • 44
    • 0026580883 scopus 로고
    • Serum growth factors and oncoproteins in firelighters
    • Ford J, Smith S, Luo JC, et al. Serum growth factors and oncoproteins in firelighters. Occup Med 1992; 42: 39-42.
    • (1992) Occup Med , vol.42 , pp. 39-42
    • Ford, J.1    Smith, S.2    Luo, J.C.3
  • 45
    • 0023711858 scopus 로고
    • Serum screening for oncogene proteins in workers exposed to PCBs
    • Brandt-Rauf PW, Niman HL. Serum screening for oncogene proteins in workers exposed to PCBs. Br J Ind Med 1988; 45: 689-695.
    • (1988) Br J ind Med , vol.45 , pp. 689-695
    • Brandt-Rauf, P.W.1    Niman, H.L.2
  • 46
    • 0026523003 scopus 로고
    • Serum oncoproteins and growth factors in asbestosis and silicosis patients
    • Brandt-Rauf PW, Smith S, Hemminki K, et al. Serum oncoproteins and growth factors in asbestosis and silicosis patients. Int J Cancer 1992; 50: 881-885.
    • (1992) Int J Cancer , vol.50 , pp. 881-885
    • Brandt-Rauf, P.W.1    Smith, S.2    Hemminki, K.3
  • 47
    • 0029919030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular epidemiology of oncoproteins. Serum p53 protein in patients with asbestosis
    • Hemminki K, Partanen R, Koskinen H, et al. The molecular epidemiology of oncoproteins. Serum p53 protein in patients with asbestosis. Chest 1996; 109: 22S-28S.
    • (1996) Chest , vol.109
    • Hemminki, K.1    Partanen, R.2    Koskinen, H.3
  • 48
    • 0029618905 scopus 로고
    • P53 antibodies in patients with various types of cancer: Assay, identification and characterization
    • Lubin R, Schlichholz B, Teillaud JL, et al. p53 antibodies in patients with various types of cancer: Assay, identification and characterization. Clin Cancer Res 1995; 1: 1463-1469.
    • (1995) Clin Cancer Res , vol.1 , pp. 1463-1469
    • Lubin, R.1    Schlichholz, B.2    Teillaud, J.L.3
  • 49
    • 10244219862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-p53 antibodies in sera from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can predate a diagnosis of cancer
    • Trivers GE, De Bendette VMG, Cawley HL. et al. Anti-p53 antibodies in sera from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can predate a diagnosis of cancer. Clin Cancer Res 1996; 2: 1767-1775
    • (1996) Clin Cancer Res , vol.2 , pp. 1767-1775
    • Trivers, G.E.1    De Bendette, V.M.G.2    Cawley, H.L.3
  • 50
    • 0028568658 scopus 로고
    • Genotyping for polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolism as a predictor of disease susceptibility
    • Daly AK, Cholerton S, Armstrong M, et al. Genotyping for polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolism as a predictor of disease susceptibility. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102: 55-61.
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , pp. 55-61
    • Daly, A.K.1    Cholerton, S.2    Armstrong, M.3
  • 51
    • 0026776502 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between the debrisoquine hydroxylase polymorphism and cancer susceptibility
    • Wolf CR, Smith CAD, Gough AC, et al. Relationship between the debrisoquine hydroxylase polymorphism and cancer susceptibility. Carcinogenesis 1992; 13: 1035-1038.
    • (1992) Carcinogenesis , vol.13 , pp. 1035-1038
    • Wolf, C.R.1    Smith, C.A.D.2    Gough, A.C.3
  • 52
    • 0026240125 scopus 로고
    • The genetic and metabolic criteria for assignment of debrisoquine hydroxylation (cytochrome P450IID6) phenotypes
    • Daly AK, Armstrong M, Monkman SC, et al. The genetic and metabolic criteria for assignment of debrisoquine hydroxylation (cytochrome P450IID6) phenotypes. Pharmacogenetics 1991; 1: 33-41.
    • (1991) Pharmacogenetics , vol.1 , pp. 33-41
    • Daly, A.K.1    Armstrong, M.2    Monkman, S.C.3
  • 53
    • 0025670311 scopus 로고
    • Genetic heterogeneity of the human glutathione transferase: A complex of gene families
    • Board P, Coggan M, Johnston P, et al. Genetic heterogeneity of the human glutathione transferase: A complex of gene families. Pharmacol Therap 1990; 48: 357-369.
    • (1990) Pharmacol Therap , vol.48 , pp. 357-369
    • Board, P.1    Coggan, M.2    Johnston, P.3
  • 54
    • 0026879487 scopus 로고
    • Determination of CYP1A2 and acetyltransferase phenotype in human populations by analysis of caffeine urinary metabolites
    • Butler MA, Lang NP, Young JF, et al. Determination of CYP1A2 and acetyltransferase phenotype in human populations by analysis of caffeine urinary metabolites. Pharmacogenetics 1992; 2: 116-127.
    • (1992) Pharmacogenetics , vol.2 , pp. 116-127
    • Butler, M.A.1    Lang, N.P.2    Young, J.F.3
  • 55
    • 0025887858 scopus 로고
    • N-acetyltransferase polymorphism: Comparison of phenotype and genotype in humans
    • Hickman D, Sim E. N-acetyltransferase polymorphism: Comparison of phenotype and genotype in humans. Biochem Pharmacol 1991; 42: 1007-1014.
    • (1991) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.42 , pp. 1007-1014
    • Hickman, D.1    Sim, E.2
  • 56
    • 0025236927 scopus 로고
    • Identification of genetically high risk individuals to lung cancer by DNA polymorphisms of the cytochrome P4501A1 gene
    • Kawajiri K, Nakachi K, Imai K, et al. Identification of genetically high risk individuals to lung cancer by DNA polymorphisms of the cytochrome P4501A1 gene. FEBS Lett 1990; 263: 131-133.
    • (1990) FEBS Lett , vol.263 , pp. 131-133
    • Kawajiri, K.1    Nakachi, K.2    Imai, K.3
  • 57
    • 0027077438 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of human lung microsomal cytochrome P-4501A1 and its role in the oxidation of chemical carcinogens
    • Shimada T, Yun C-H, Hiroshi Y, et al. Characterization of human lung microsomal cytochrome P-4501A1 and its role in the oxidation of chemical carcinogens Mol Pharmacol 1992; 41: 856-864.
    • (1992) Mol Pharmacol , vol.41 , pp. 856-864
    • Shimada, T.1    Yun, C.-H.2    Hiroshi, Y.3
  • 58
    • 9844237210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic susceptibility to chemical-induced cancers: Methodologic problems
    • Vineis P, D'Errico A. Genetic susceptibility to chemical-induced cancers: Methodologic problems. Int J Occup Environ Health 1996; 2: 550-553.
    • (1996) Int J Occup Environ Health , vol.2 , pp. 550-553
    • Vineis, P.1    D'Errico, A.2
  • 59
    • 0023081962 scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in DNA repair capacities in man
    • Oesch F, Aulmann W. Platt KL, et al. Individual differences in DNA repair capacities in man. Arch Toxicol 1987; 10: 172-179.
    • (1987) Arch Toxicol , vol.10 , pp. 172-179
    • Oesch, F.1    Aulmann, W.2    Platt, K.L.3
  • 60
    • 0029943449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mismatch repair in replication fidelity, genetic recombination and cancer biology
    • Modrich P, Lahue R. Mismatch repair in replication fidelity, genetic recombination and cancer biology. Annu Rev Biochem 1996; 65: 101-133.
    • (1996) Annu Rev Biochem , vol.65 , pp. 101-133
    • Modrich, P.1    Lahue, R.2
  • 61
    • 0029833872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome). An updated review
    • Lynch H T, Smyrk T. Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome). An updated review. Cancer 1996; 78: 1149-1167.
    • (1996) Cancer , vol.78 , pp. 1149-1167
    • Lynch, H.T.1    Smyrk, T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.