메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 5-6, 1997, Pages 471-485

Managing virtual R&D organizations: Lessons from the pharmaceutical industry

Author keywords

R D; Research networks; Strategic alliances; Virtual organization; Virtual R D

Indexed keywords

DRUG PRODUCTS PLANTS; INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT; INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH; STRATEGIC PLANNING;

EID: 0030648964     PISSN: 02675730     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1504/ijtm.1997.001677     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (21)

References (26)
  • 1
    • 0002706528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When is virtual virtuous? Organizing for innovation
    • January-February
    • Chesbrough, H. and Teece, D.J., (1996) 'When is virtual virtuous? Organizing for innovation', Harvard Business Review, January-February, pp.65-73.
    • (1996) Harvard Business Review , pp. 65-73
    • Chesbrough, H.1    Teece, D.J.2
  • 5
    • 84983918081 scopus 로고
    • R&D networking in a pharmaceutical company: Some implications for human resource management
    • Albertini, S. and Butler, J., (1995) 'R&D networking in a pharmaceutical company: some implications for human resource management', R&D Management, vol. 25, n. 4, pp.377-393.
    • (1995) R&D Management , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 377-393
    • Albertini, S.1    Butler, J.2
  • 6
    • 0039940114 scopus 로고
    • The changing technology of technological change: General and abstract knowledge and the division of innovative labour
    • Arora, A., and Gambardella, A., (1994) The changing technology of technological change: general and abstract knowledge and the division of innovative labour', Research Policy, vol. 23, pp.523-532.
    • (1994) Research Policy , vol.23 , pp. 523-532
    • Arora, A.1    Gambardella, A.2
  • 7
    • 84982757483 scopus 로고
    • Biological' revolution and strategies for innovation in pharmaceutical companies
    • Della Valle F. and Gambardella, A. (1993), 'Biological' revolution and strategies for innovation in pharmaceutical companies', R&D Management, 23, 4.
    • (1993) R&D Management , vol.23 , pp. 4
    • Della Valle, F.1    Gambardella, A.2
  • 8
    • 0030545283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Japanese/US technological competitiveness and strategic alliances in the biotechnology industry
    • Forrest, J. E., (1996) 'Japanese/US technological competitiveness and strategic alliances in the biotechnology industry', R&D Management, vol. 26, n. 2, pp.141-154.
    • (1996) R&D Management , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 141-154
    • Forrest, J.E.1
  • 9
    • 0002923888 scopus 로고
    • Technology fusion and the new R&D
    • Kodama, F., (1992), 'Technology fusion and the new R&D', Harvard Business Review, 70, 4, pp.70-78.
    • (1992) Harvard Business Review , vol.70 , Issue.4 , pp. 70-78
    • Kodama, F.1
  • 12
    • 0011937242 scopus 로고
    • Internal and external linkages in the MNC: The case of R&D subsidiaries in Japan
    • Bartlett, C.A., Doz, Y., Hedlund, G., eds., Routledge, New York, USA
    • Westney, D.E., (1990), 'Internal and external linkages in the MNC: The case of R&D subsidiaries in Japan', in Bartlett, C.A., Doz, Y., Hedlund, G., eds., Managing the Global Firm, Routledge, New York, USA.
    • (1990) Managing the Global Firm
    • Westney, D.E.1
  • 14
    • 0000256327 scopus 로고
    • Strategic sourcing: To make or not to make
    • November-December
    • Venkatesan, R., (1992) 'Strategic sourcing: to make or not to make', Harvard Business Review, November-December.
    • (1992) Harvard Business Review
    • Venkatesan, R.1
  • 15
    • 84982071448 scopus 로고
    • Strategic alliances between large and small research intensive organizations: Experiences in the biotechnology industry
    • Forrest, J.E. and Martin, M.J.C, (1992) 'Strategic alliances between large and small research intensive organizations: experiences in the biotechnology industry', R&D Management, vol. 22, n. 1, pp.41-53.
    • (1992) R&D Management , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-53
    • Forrest, J.E.1    Martin, M.J.C.2
  • 17
    • 0026665798 scopus 로고
    • Pharmaceutical industry in transition
    • Drews J., (1992) 'Pharmaceutical industry in transition', Drug News and Perspectives, vol. 5, n.3, pp.133-138.
    • (1992) Drug News and Perspectives , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 133-138
    • Drews, J.1
  • 18
    • 38249025956 scopus 로고
    • Research in the pharmaceutical industry
    • Drews J., (1989), 'Research in the pharmaceutical industry', European Management Journal, 7, pp.23-30.
    • (1989) European Management Journal , vol.7 , pp. 23-30
    • Drews, J.1
  • 19
    • 0002038085 scopus 로고
    • Managing innovation in the information age
    • January-February
    • Henderson, R., (1994) 'Managing innovation in the information age', Harvard Business Review, January-February.
    • (1994) Harvard Business Review
    • Henderson, R.1
  • 20
    • 0030529202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separating reserach from development: Evidence from the pharmaceutical industry
    • Chiesa, V., (1996) 'Separating reserach from development: evidence from the pharmaceutical industry', European Management Journal vol. 14, n. 6.
    • (1996) European Management Journal , vol.14 , Issue.6
    • Chiesa, V.1
  • 21
    • 0002555162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessing external sources of technology
    • March-April
    • Chatterje, D., (1996) 'Accessing external sources of technology', Research & Technology Management, March-April, pp.48-56.
    • (1996) Research & Technology Management , pp. 48-56
    • Chatterje, D.1
  • 22
    • 84889549871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profiting from the virtual organization of innovation: Suggestions from an empirical study
    • Paper presented 15-17 October, Amsterdam
    • Chiesa, V. and Manzini, R., (1996) 'Profiting from the virtual organization of innovation: suggestions from an empirical study' Paper presented at the 6th International Forum on Technology Management, 15-17 October, Amsterdam.
    • (1996) 6th International Forum on Technology Management
    • Chiesa, V.1    Manzini, R.2
  • 23
    • 0030376864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of cooperation in strategic alliances: Initial conditions or learning processes?
    • Doz, Y. L., (1996) 'The evolution of cooperation in strategic alliances: initial conditions or learning processes?', Strategic Management Journal, vol. 17, pp.55-83.
    • (1996) Strategic Management Journal , vol.17 , pp. 55-83
    • Doz, Y.L.1
  • 24
    • 84889505815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The collaborations in the discovery phase mostly involve research centres and universities. Firm-to-firm collaborations often involve small and large firms. Small firms show advantages in this phase because of their flexibility and informal organization, whereas they are often weak in downstream phases of the process where the investments required are much higher. Therefore, a large firm may be interested in funding a research in a small firm and buy the result of it. Firm-to-firm collaborations usually occur when research methods are concerned. Usually there are few leading firms skilled in the use of a certain research approach. For example Affymax is the leading company in combinatorial chemistry, which is the basic discipline for the high throughput screening approach.
  • 25
    • 84889536170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • This definition is borrowed from the Dictionary of Clinical Research, Brookwood.
  • 26
    • 84982684998 scopus 로고
    • Technology transfer issues in licensing pharmaceutical products
    • Fitzgerald, J.D., (1992) 'Technology transfer issues in licensing pharmaceutical products', R&D Management, 22, 3.
    • (1992) R&D Management , vol.22 , pp. 3
    • Fitzgerald, J.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.