메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 262, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 652-670

Secondary structure probing of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) and sequence comparison with other small pathogenic RNA replicons provides evidence for central non-canonical base-pairs, large A-rich loops, and a terminal branch

Author keywords

Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd); RNA structure; Satellite RNAs; Viroids; Virusoids

Indexed keywords

DIMETHYL SULFATE; NUCLEASE; SATELLITE RNA;

EID: 0030580111     PISSN: 00222836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0543     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (65)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 0011901743 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the nucleotide sequences of viroid-like satellite RNA of the Canadian and Australasian strains of lucerne transient streak virus
    • Abouhaidar, M. G. & Paliwal, Y. C. (1988). Comparison of the nucleotide sequences of viroid-like satellite RNA of the Canadian and Australasian strains of lucerne transient streak virus. J. Gen. Virol. 69, 2369-2373.
    • (1988) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.69 , pp. 2369-2373
    • Abouhaidar, M.G.1    Paliwal, Y.C.2
  • 2
    • 0028787190 scopus 로고
    • Pear blister canker viroid: Sequence variability and causal role in pear blister canker disease
    • Ambrós, S., Desvignes, J. C., Llácer, G. & Flores, R. (1995). Pear blister canker viroid: sequence variability and causal role in pear blister canker disease. J. Gen. Virol. 76, 2625-2629.
    • (1995) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.76 , pp. 2625-2629
    • Ambrós, S.1    Desvignes, J.C.2    Llácer, G.3    Flores, R.4
  • 3
    • 0028892438 scopus 로고
    • Only one of four possible secondary structures of the central conserved region of potato spindle tuber viroid is a substrate for processing in a potato nuclear extract
    • Baumstark, T. & Riesner, D. (1995). Only one of four possible secondary structures of the central conserved region of potato spindle tuber viroid is a substrate for processing in a potato nuclear extract. Nucl. Acids Res. 23, 4246-4254.
    • (1995) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.23 , pp. 4246-4254
    • Baumstark, T.1    Riesner, D.2
  • 4
    • 0028945966 scopus 로고
    • The RNA of both polarities of the peach latent mosaic viroid self-cleaves in vitro solely by single hammerhead structures
    • Beaudry, D., Bussière, F., Lareau, F., Lessard, C. & Perreault, J.-P. (1995). The RNA of both polarities of the peach latent mosaic viroid self-cleaves in vitro solely by single hammerhead structures. Nucl. Acids Res. 23, 745-752.
    • (1995) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.23 , pp. 745-752
    • Beaudry, D.1    Bussière, F.2    Lareau, F.3    Lessard, C.4    Perreault, J.-P.5
  • 6
    • 0003827689 scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet light-induced crosslinking reveals a unique region of local tertiary structure in potato spindle tuber viroid and HeLa 5 S RNA
    • Branch, A. D., Benenfeld, B. J. & Robertson, H. D. (1985). Ultraviolet light-induced crosslinking reveals a unique region of local tertiary structure in potato spindle tuber viroid and HeLa 5 S RNA. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 6590-6594.
    • (1985) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 6590-6594
    • Branch, A.D.1    Benenfeld, B.J.2    Robertson, H.D.3
  • 7
    • 0030011110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compilation and analysis of viroid and viroid-like RNA sequences
    • Bussière, F., Lafontaine, D. & Perreault, J.-P. (1996). Compilation and analysis of viroid and viroid-like RNA sequences. Nucl. Acids Res. 24, 1793-1798.
    • (1996) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.24 , pp. 1793-1798
    • Bussière, F.1    Lafontaine, D.2    Perreault, J.-P.3
  • 8
    • 0028036218 scopus 로고
    • A photo-cross-linkable tertiary structure motif found in functionally distinct RNA molecules is essential for catalytic function of the hairpin ribozyme
    • Butcher, S. E. & Burke, J. M. (1994). A photo-cross-linkable tertiary structure motif found in functionally distinct RNA molecules is essential for catalytic function of the hairpin ribozyme. Biochemistry, 33, 992-999.
    • (1994) Biochemistry , vol.33 , pp. 992-999
    • Butcher, S.E.1    Burke, J.M.2
  • 9
    • 0026593382 scopus 로고
    • Structural analysis of three prokaryotic 5 S rRNA species and selected 5 S rRNA-ribosomal - Protein complexes by means of Pb(II)-induced hydrolysis
    • Ciesiolka, J., Lorenz, S. & Erdmann, V. A. (1992). Structural analysis of three prokaryotic 5 S rRNA species and selected 5 S rRNA-ribosomal - protein complexes by means of Pb(II)-induced hydrolysis. Eur. J. Biochem. 204, 575-581.
    • (1992) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.204 , pp. 575-581
    • Ciesiolka, J.1    Lorenz, S.2    Erdmann, V.A.3
  • 11
    • 0029129199 scopus 로고
    • Identification of a retroviroid-like element from plants
    • Daròs, J. A. & Flores, R. (1995). Identification of a retroviroid-like element from plants. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 92, 6856-6860.
    • (1995) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.92 , pp. 6856-6860
    • Daròs, J.A.1    Flores, R.2
  • 12
    • 0025339492 scopus 로고
    • Structure, self-cleavage, and replication of two viroid-like satellite RNAs (virusoids) of subterranean clover mottle virus
    • Davies, C., Haseloff, J. & Symons, R. H. (1990). Structure, self-cleavage, and replication of two viroid-like satellite RNAs (virusoids) of subterranean clover mottle virus. Virology, 177, 216-224.
    • (1990) Virology , vol.177 , pp. 216-224
    • Davies, C.1    Haseloff, J.2    Symons, R.H.3
  • 13
    • 0004244993 scopus 로고
    • Plenum Press, New York
    • Diener, T. O. (1987). Editor of The Viroids. Plenum Press, New York.
    • (1987) The Viroids
    • Diener, T.O.1
  • 15
    • 0026079830 scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of viroids, viroidlike satellite RNAs, and the viroidlike domain of hepatitis δ virus RNA
    • Elena, S. F., Dopazo, J., Flores, R., Diener, T. O. & Moya, A. (1991). Phylogeny of viroids, viroidlike satellite RNAs, and the viroidlike domain of hepatitis δ virus RNA. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 5631-5634.
    • (1991) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.88 , pp. 5631-5634
    • Elena, S.F.1    Dopazo, J.2    Flores, R.3    Diener, T.O.4    Moya, A.5
  • 16
    • 0023024921 scopus 로고
    • Transcription of a satellite DNA in the newt
    • Epstein, L. M., Mahon, K. A. & Gall, J. G. (1986). Transcription of a satellite DNA in the newt. J. Cell Biol. 103, 1137-1144.
    • (1986) J. Cell Biol. , vol.103 , pp. 1137-1144
    • Epstein, L.M.1    Mahon, K.A.2    Gall, J.G.3
  • 18
    • 0028608920 scopus 로고
    • Gel dependence of electrophoretic mobilities of double-stranded and viroid RNA and estimation of the contour length of a viroid by gel electrophoresis
    • Gast, F.-U. & Sänger, H. L. (1994). Gel dependence of electrophoretic mobilities of double-stranded and viroid RNA and estimation of the contour length of a viroid by gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis, 15, 1493-1498.
    • (1994) Electrophoresis , vol.15 , pp. 1493-1498
    • Gast, F.-U.1    Sänger, H.L.2
  • 19
    • 0029803124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viroids proper can be distinguished from hammerhead viroids and satellite RNAs through their dinucleotide composition
    • In the press
    • Gast, F.-U. & Spieker, R. L. (1996). Viroids proper can be distinguished from hammerhead viroids and satellite RNAs through their dinucleotide composition. Arch. Virol. In the press.
    • (1996) Arch. Virol.
    • Gast, F.-U.1    Spieker, R.L.2
  • 20
    • 0017821271 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence and secondary structure of potato spindle tuber viroid
    • Gross, H. J., Domdey, H., Lossow, C., Jank, P., Raba, M., Alberty, H. & Sänger, H. L. (1978). Nucleotide sequence and secondary structure of potato spindle tuber viroid. Nature, 273, 203-208.
    • (1978) Nature , vol.273 , pp. 203-208
    • Gross, H.J.1    Domdey, H.2    Lossow, C.3    Jank, P.4    Raba, M.5    Alberty, H.6    Sänger, H.L.7
  • 21
    • 0028989671 scopus 로고
    • Interdependence of pathogenicity and replicability with potato spindle tuber viroid
    • Gruner, R., Fels, A., Qu, F., Zimmat, R., Steger, G. & Riesner, D. (1995). Interdependence of pathogenicity and replicability with potato spindle tuber viroid. Virology, 209, 60-69.
    • (1995) Virology , vol.209 , pp. 60-69
    • Gruner, R.1    Fels, A.2    Qu, F.3    Zimmat, R.4    Steger, G.5    Riesner, D.6
  • 22
    • 0026550732 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the virulence modulating region of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) by site-directed mutagenesis
    • Hammond, R. (1992). Analysis of the virulence modulating region of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) by site-directed mutagenesis. Virology, 187, 654-662.
    • (1992) Virology , vol.187 , pp. 654-662
    • Hammond, R.1
  • 23
    • 0023212286 scopus 로고
    • Mutational analysis of potato spindle tuber viroid reveals complex relationships between structure and infectivity
    • Hammond, R. W. & Owens, R. A. (1987). Mutational analysis of potato spindle tuber viroid reveals complex relationships between structure and infectivity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 3967-3971.
    • (1987) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.84 , pp. 3967-3971
    • Hammond, R.W.1    Owens, R.A.2
  • 24
    • 0019729258 scopus 로고
    • Chrysanthemum stunt viroid: Primary sequence and secondary structure
    • Haseloff, J. & Symons, R. H. (1981). Chrysanthemum stunt viroid: primary sequence and secondary structure. Nucl. Acids Res. 9, 2741-2752.
    • (1981) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.9 , pp. 2741-2752
    • Haseloff, J.1    Symons, R.H.2
  • 25
    • 0020490762 scopus 로고
    • Comparative sequence and structure of viroid-like RNAs of two plant viruses
    • Haseloff, J. & Symons, R. H. (1982). Comparative sequence and structure of viroid-like RNAs of two plant viruses. Nucl. Acids Res. 10, 3681-3691.
    • (1982) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.10 , pp. 3681-3691
    • Haseloff, J.1    Symons, R.H.2
  • 26
    • 0019922899 scopus 로고
    • Viroid RNAs of cadang-cadang disease of coconuts
    • Haseloff, J., Mohamed, N. A. & Symons, R. H. (1982). Viroid RNAs of cadang-cadang disease of coconuts. Nature, 299, 316-321.
    • (1982) Nature , vol.299 , pp. 316-321
    • Haseloff, J.1    Mohamed, N.A.2    Symons, R.H.3
  • 27
    • 0023651226 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence and secondary structure of apple scar skin viroid
    • Hashimoto, J. & Koganezawa, H. (1987). Nucleotide sequence and secondary structure of apple scar skin viroid. Nucl. Acids Res. 15, 7045-7051.
    • (1987) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.15 , pp. 7045-7051
    • Hashimoto, J.1    Koganezawa, H.2
  • 28
    • 0026538051 scopus 로고
    • Plus and minus RNAs of peach latent mosaic viroid self-cleave in vitro via hammerhead structures
    • Hernández, C. & Flores, R. (1992). Plus and minus RNAs of peach latent mosaic viroid self-cleave in vitro via hammerhead structures. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 3711-3715.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.89 , pp. 3711-3715
    • Hernández, C.1    Flores, R.2
  • 29
    • 0027050962 scopus 로고
    • The strands of both polarities of a small circular RNA from carnation self-cleave in vitro through alternative double-and single-hammerhead structures
    • Hernández, C., Daros, J. A., Elena, S. F., Moya, A. & Flores, R. (1992a). The strands of both polarities of a small circular RNA from carnation self-cleave in vitro through alternative double-and single-hammerhead structures. Nucl. Acids Res. 20, 6323-6329.
    • (1992) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.20 , pp. 6323-6329
    • Hernández, C.1    Daros, J.A.2    Elena, S.F.3    Moya, A.4    Flores, R.5
  • 30
    • 0026758087 scopus 로고
    • Pear blister canker viroid is a member of the apple scar skin subgroup (apscaviroids) and also has sequence homology with viroids from other subgroups
    • Hernández, C., Elena, S. F., Moya, A. & Flores, R. (1992b). Pear blister canker viroid is a member of the apple scar skin subgroup (apscaviroids) and also has sequence homology with viroids from other subgroups. J. Gen. Virol. 73, 2503-2507.
    • (1992) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.73 , pp. 2503-2507
    • Hernández, C.1    Elena, S.F.2    Moya, A.3    Flores, R.4
  • 31
    • 0026857950 scopus 로고
    • Sequence analysis of five new field isolates demonstrates that the chain length of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is not strictly conserved but as variable as in other viroids
    • Herold, T., Haas, B., Singh, R. P., Boucher, A. & Sänger, H. L. (1992). Sequence analysis of five new field isolates demonstrates that the chain length of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is not strictly conserved but as variable as in other viroids. Plant Mol. Biol. 19, 329-333.
    • (1992) Plant Mol. Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 329-333
    • Herold, T.1    Haas, B.2    Singh, R.P.3    Boucher, A.4    Sänger, H.L.5
  • 32
    • 0028866812 scopus 로고
    • Solution structure of the CUUG hairpin loop: A novel RNA tetraloop motif
    • Jucker, F. M. & Pardi, A. (1995). Solution structure of the CUUG hairpin loop: a novel RNA tetraloop motif. Biochemistry, 34, 14416-14427.
    • (1995) Biochemistry , vol.34 , pp. 14416-14427
    • Jucker, F.M.1    Pardi, A.2
  • 33
    • 0026666130 scopus 로고
    • A trinucleotide can promote metal ion-dependent specific cleavage of RNA
    • Kazakov, S. & Altman, S. (1992). A trinucleotide can promote metal ion-dependent specific cleavage of RNA. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 7939-7943.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.89 , pp. 7939-7943
    • Kazakov, S.1    Altman, S.2
  • 34
    • 0022344804 scopus 로고
    • Domains in viroids: Evidence of intermolecular RNA rearrangements and their contribution to viroid evolution
    • Keese, P. & Symons, R. H. (1985). Domains in viroids: evidence of intermolecular RNA rearrangements and their contribution to viroid evolution. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 4582-4586.
    • (1985) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 4582-4586
    • Keese, P.1    Symons, R.H.2
  • 35
    • 0011889852 scopus 로고
    • Comparative sequence and structure of circular RNAs from two isolates of lucerne transient streak virus
    • Keese, P., Bruening, G. & Symons, R. H. (1983). Comparative sequence and structure of circular RNAs from two isolates of lucerne transient streak virus. FEBS Letters, 159, 185-190.
    • (1983) FEBS Letters , vol.159 , pp. 185-190
    • Keese, P.1    Bruening, G.2    Symons, R.H.3
  • 36
    • 0023957153 scopus 로고
    • Coconut tinangaja viroid: Sequence homology with coconut cadang-cadang viroid and other potato spindle tuber viroid related RNAs
    • Keese, P., Osorio-Keese, M. E. & Symons, R. H. (1988). Coconut tinangaja viroid: sequence homology with coconut cadang-cadang viroid and other potato spindle tuber viroid related RNAs. Virology, 162, 508-510.
    • (1988) Virology , vol.162 , pp. 508-510
    • Keese, P.1    Osorio-Keese, M.E.2    Symons, R.H.3
  • 37
    • 0023017765 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of RNA recombination in poliovirus
    • Kierkegaard, K. & Baltimore, D. (1986). The mechanism of RNA recombination in poliovirus. Cell, 47, 433-444.
    • (1986) Cell , vol.47 , pp. 433-444
    • Kierkegaard, K.1    Baltimore, D.2
  • 38
    • 0020480861 scopus 로고
    • Circularization of linear viroid RNA via 2′-phosphomonoester, 3′, 5′-phosphodiester bonds by a novel type of RNA ligase from wheat germ and Chlamydomonas
    • Kikuchi, Y., Tyc, K., Filipowicz, W., Sänger, H. L. & Gross, H. J. (1982). Circularization of linear viroid RNA via 2′-phosphomonoester, 3′, 5′-phosphodiester bonds by a novel type of RNA ligase from wheat germ and Chlamydomonas. Nucl. Acids Res. 10, 7521-7529.
    • (1982) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.10 , pp. 7521-7529
    • Kikuchi, Y.1    Tyc, K.2    Filipowicz, W.3    Sänger, H.L.4    Gross, H.J.5
  • 39
    • 0024418275 scopus 로고
    • A scheme for viroid classification
    • Koltunow, A. M. & Rezaian, M. A. (1989). A scheme for viroid classification. Intervirology, 30, 194-201.
    • (1989) Intervirology , vol.30 , pp. 194-201
    • Koltunow, A.M.1    Rezaian, M.A.2
  • 40
    • 0024844673 scopus 로고
    • Two related viroids cause grapevine yellow speckle disease independently
    • Koltunow, A. M., Krake, L. R., Johnson, S. D. & Rezaian, M. A. (1989). Two related viroids cause grapevine yellow speckle disease independently. J. Gen. Virol. 70, 3411-3419.
    • (1989) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.70 , pp. 3411-3419
    • Koltunow, A.M.1    Krake, L.R.2    Johnson, S.D.3    Rezaian, M.A.4
  • 41
    • 0029071510 scopus 로고
    • The molecular biology of hepatitis delta virus
    • Lai, M. M. C. (1995). The molecular biology of hepatitis delta virus. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 64, 259-286.
    • (1995) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.64 , pp. 259-286
    • Lai, M.M.C.1
  • 42
    • 0017822260 scopus 로고
    • Common structural features of different viroids: Serial arrangement of double helical sections and internal loops
    • Langowski, J., Henco, K., Riesner, D. & Sänger, H.-L. (1978). Common structural features of different viroids: serial arrangement of double helical sections and internal loops. Nucl. Acids Res. 5, 1589-1610.
    • (1978) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.5 , pp. 1589-1610
    • Langowski, J.1    Henco, K.2    Riesner, D.3    Sänger, H.-L.4
  • 43
    • 0022973884 scopus 로고
    • On the recognition of helical RNA by cobra venom V1 nuclease
    • Lowman, H. B. & Draper, D. E. (1986). On the recognition of helical RNA by cobra venom V1 nuclease. J. Biol. Chem. 261, 5396-5403.
    • (1986) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.261 , pp. 5396-5403
    • Lowman, H.B.1    Draper, D.E.2
  • 45
    • 0011914121 scopus 로고
    • Comparative structure of viroids and their rapid detection using radioactive and nonradioactive nucleic acid probes
    • (Maramorosch, K., ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton
    • McInnes, J. L. & Symons, R. H. (1991). Comparative structure of viroids and their rapid detection using radioactive and nonradioactive nucleic acid probes. In Viroids and Satellites: Molecular Parasites at the Frontier of Life (Maramorosch, K., ed.), pp. 21-58, CRC Press, Boca Raton.
    • (1991) Viroids and Satellites: Molecular Parasites at the Frontier of Life , pp. 21-58
    • McInnes, J.L.1    Symons, R.H.2
  • 46
    • 0024819449 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of small RNAs using T7 RNA polymerase
    • Milligan, J. F. & Uhlenbeck, O. C. (1989). Synthesis of small RNAs using T7 RNA polymerase. Methods Enzymol. 180, 51-62.
    • (1989) Methods Enzymol. , vol.180 , pp. 51-62
    • Milligan, J.F.1    Uhlenbeck, O.C.2
  • 47
    • 0001563602 scopus 로고
    • Site-specific mutagenesis of potato spindle tuber viroid cDNA: Alterations within premelting region 2 that abolish infectivity
    • Owens, R. A., Hammond, R. W., Gardner, R. C., Kiefer, M. C., Thompson, S. M. & Cress, D. E. (1986). Site-specific mutagenesis of potato spindle tuber viroid cDNA: alterations within premelting region 2 that abolish infectivity. Plant Mol. Biol. 6, 179-192.
    • (1986) Plant Mol. Biol. , vol.6 , pp. 179-192
    • Owens, R.A.1    Hammond, R.W.2    Gardner, R.C.3    Kiefer, M.C.4    Thompson, S.M.5    Cress, D.E.6
  • 48
    • 0026059364 scopus 로고
    • Effects of random mutagenesis upon potato spindle tuber viroid replication and symptom expression
    • Owens, R. A., Thompson, S. M. & Steger, G. (1991). Effects of random mutagenesis upon potato spindle tuber viroid replication and symptom expression. Virology, 185, 18-31.
    • (1991) Virology , vol.185 , pp. 18-31
    • Owens, R.A.1    Thompson, S.M.2    Steger, G.3
  • 49
    • 0029058608 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of potato spindle tuber viroid replication and symptom expression by mutations which stabilize the pathogenicity region
    • Owens, R. A., Chen, W. & Hsu, Y.-J. (1995). Suppression of potato spindle tuber viroid replication and symptom expression by mutations which stabilize the pathogenicity region. Virology, 208, 554-564.
    • (1995) Virology , vol.208 , pp. 554-564
    • Owens, R.A.1    Chen, W.2    Hsu, Y.-J.3
  • 50
    • 0027083264 scopus 로고
    • Generation of viroid conformational isomers that are stable to incubation with magnesium ions and in a nuclear extract from tomato plants
    • Pace, U., Branch, A. D. & Robertson, H. D. (1992). Generation of viroid conformational isomers that are stable to incubation with magnesium ions and in a nuclear extract from tomato plants. Nucl. Acids Res. 20, 6681-6686.
    • (1992) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.20 , pp. 6681-6686
    • Pace, U.1    Branch, A.D.2    Robertson, H.D.3
  • 51
    • 0023133442 scopus 로고
    • The nature and biological significance of linear potato spindle tuber viroid molecules in plant cells
    • Palukaitis, P. & Zaitlin, M. (1987). The nature and biological significance of linear potato spindle tuber viroid molecules in plant cells. Virology, 157, 199-210.
    • (1987) Virology , vol.157 , pp. 199-210
    • Palukaitis, P.1    Zaitlin, M.2
  • 52
    • 0023777612 scopus 로고
    • A plasmid vector for cloning directly at the transcription initiation site of a bacteriophage T7 promoter
    • Petty, I. T. D. (1988). A plasmid vector for cloning directly at the transcription initiation site of a bacteriophage T7 promoter. Nucl. Acids Res. 16, 8738.
    • (1988) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.16 , pp. 8738
    • Petty, I.T.D.1
  • 53
    • 0024760703 scopus 로고
    • Comparative sequence studies of variants of avocado sunblotch viroid
    • Rakowski, A. G. & Symons, R. H. (1989). Comparative sequence studies of variants of avocado sunblotch viroid. Virology, 173, 352-356.
    • (1989) Virology , vol.173 , pp. 352-356
    • Rakowski, A.G.1    Symons, R.H.2
  • 54
    • 0028037771 scopus 로고
    • Infectivity of linear monomeric transcripts of citrus exocortis viroid: Terminal sequence requirements for processing
    • Rakowski, A. G. & Symons, R. H. (1994). Infectivity of linear monomeric transcripts of citrus exocortis viroid: terminal sequence requirements for processing. Virology, 203, 328-335.
    • (1994) Virology , vol.203 , pp. 328-335
    • Rakowski, A.G.1    Symons, R.H.2
  • 55
    • 0028661039 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence and structural features of the group III citrus viroids
    • Rakowski, A. G., Szychowski, J. A., Avena, Z. S. & Semancik, J. S. (1994). Nucleotide sequence and structural features of the Group III citrus viroids. J. Gen. Virol. 75, 3581-3584.
    • (1994) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.75 , pp. 3581-3584
    • Rakowski, A.G.1    Szychowski, J.A.2    Avena, Z.S.3    Semancik, J.S.4
  • 56
    • 0002262619 scopus 로고
    • Structure of viroids and their replication intermediates. Are thermodynamic domains also functional domains?
    • Riesner, D. (1990). Structure of viroids and their replication intermediates. Are thermodynamic domains also functional domains? Semin. Virol. 1, 83-99.
    • (1990) Semin. Virol. , vol.1 , pp. 83-99
    • Riesner, D.1
  • 58
    • 0020491077 scopus 로고
    • Stiffness of viroids and viroid-like RNA in solution
    • Riesner, D., Kaper, J. & Randles, J. W. (1982). Stiffness of viroids and viroid-like RNA in solution. Nucl. Acids Res. 10, 5587-5598.
    • (1982) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.10 , pp. 5587-5598
    • Riesner, D.1    Kaper, J.2    Randles, J.W.3
  • 59
    • 0026551718 scopus 로고
    • In vitro synthesis of an infectious viroid: Analysis of the infectivity of monomeric linear CEV
    • Rigden, J. E. & Rezaian, M. A. (1992). In vitro synthesis of an infectious viroid: analysis of the infectivity of monomeric linear CEV. Virology, 186, 201-206.
    • (1992) Virology , vol.186 , pp. 201-206
    • Rigden, J.E.1    Rezaian, M.A.2
  • 60
    • 0027218733 scopus 로고
    • Evolution and replication of tobacco ringspot virus satellite RNA mutants
    • Robaglia, C., Bruening, G., Haseloff, J. & Gerlach, W. L. (1993). Evolution and replication of tobacco ringspot virus satellite RNA mutants. EMBO J. 12, 2969-2976.
    • (1993) EMBO J , vol.12 , pp. 2969-2976
    • Robaglia, C.1    Bruening, G.2    Haseloff, J.3    Gerlach, W.L.4
  • 61
    • 0001765396 scopus 로고
    • Viroid replication
    • (Diener, T. O., ed.), Plenum Press, New York
    • Sänger, H. L. (1987). Viroid replication. In The Viroids (Diener, T. O., ed.), pp. 117-166, Plenum Press, New York.
    • (1987) The Viroids , pp. 117-166
    • Sänger, H.L.1
  • 62
    • 0017180370 scopus 로고
    • Viroids are single-stranded covalently closed circular RNA molecules existing as highly base-paired rod-like structures
    • Sänger, H. L., Klotz, G., Riesner, D., Gross, H. J. & Kleinschmidt, A. K. (1976). Viroids are single-stranded covalently closed circular RNA molecules existing as highly base-paired rod-like structures. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 73, 3852-3856.
    • (1976) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.73 , pp. 3852-3856
    • Sänger, H.L.1    Klotz, G.2    Riesner, D.3    Gross, H.J.4    Kleinschmidt, A.K.5
  • 64
  • 65
    • 0001510299 scopus 로고
    • Correlation between structure and pathogenicity of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV)
    • Schnölzer, M., Haas, B., Ramm, K., Hofmann, H. & Sänger, H. L. (1985). Correlation between structure and pathogenicity of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV). EMBO J. 4, 2181-2190.
    • (1985) EMBO J , vol.4 , pp. 2181-2190
    • Schnölzer, M.1    Haas, B.2    Ramm, K.3    Hofmann, H.4    Sänger, H.L.5
  • 66
    • 0021008593 scopus 로고
    • A two-dimensional electrophoretic technique for the detection of circular viroids and virusoids
    • Schumacher, J., Randles, J. W. & Riesner, D. (1983). A two-dimensional electrophoretic technique for the detection of circular viroids and virusoids. Anal. Biochem. 135, 288-295.
    • (1983) Anal. Biochem. , vol.135 , pp. 288-295
    • Schumacher, J.1    Randles, J.W.2    Riesner, D.3
  • 68
    • 0029860517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular structure of Iresine viroid, a new viroid species from iresine herbstii ("beefsteak plant")
    • In the press
    • Spieker, R. L. (1996). The molecular structure of Iresine viroid, a new viroid species from Iresine herbstii ("beefsteak plant"). J. Gen. Virol. In the press.
    • (1996) J. Gen. Virol.
    • Spieker, R.L.1
  • 69
    • 0025294472 scopus 로고
    • Primary and secondary structure of a new viroid "species" (CbVd 1) present in the Coleus blumei cultivar "Bienvenue"
    • Spieker, R. L., Haas, B., Charng, Y.-C., Freimüller, K. & Sänger, H. L. (1990). Primary and secondary structure of a new viroid "species" (CbVd 1) present in the Coleus blumei cultivar "Bienvenue". Nucl. Acids Res. 18, 3998.
    • (1990) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.18 , pp. 3998
    • Spieker, R.L.1    Haas, B.2    Charng, Y.-C.3    Freimüller, K.4    Sänger, H.L.5
  • 70
    • 0028816828 scopus 로고
    • The termini of a new citrus viroid contain duplications of the central conserved regions from two viroid groups
    • Stasys, R. A., Dry, I. B. & Rezaian, M. A. (1995). The termini of a new citrus viroid contain duplications of the central conserved regions from two viroid groups. FEBS Letters, 358, 182-184.
    • (1995) FEBS Letters , vol.358 , pp. 182-184
    • Stasys, R.A.1    Dry, I.B.2    Rezaian, M.A.3
  • 71
    • 0021532353 scopus 로고
    • Conformational transitions in viroids and virusoids: Comparison of results from energy minimization algorithm and from experimental data
    • Steger, G., Hofmann, H., Förtsch, J., Gross, H. J., Randles, J. W., Sänger, H. L. & Riesner, D. (1984). Conformational transitions in viroids and virusoids: comparison of results from energy minimization algorithm and from experimental data. J. Biomol. Struct. Dynam. 3, 543-571.
    • (1984) J. Biomol. Struct. Dynam. , vol.3 , pp. 543-571
    • Steger, G.1    Hofmann, H.2    Förtsch, J.3    Gross, H.J.4    Randles, J.W.5    Sänger, H.L.6    Riesner, D.7
  • 73
    • 0024241761 scopus 로고
    • Structural analysis of RNA using chemical and enzymatic probing monitored by primer extension
    • Stern, S., Moazed, D. & Noller, H. F. (1988). Structural analysis of RNA using chemical and enzymatic probing monitored by primer extension. Methods Enzymol. 164, 481-489.
    • (1988) Methods Enzymol. , vol.164 , pp. 481-489
    • Stern, S.1    Moazed, D.2    Noller, H.F.3
  • 74
    • 0027318824 scopus 로고
    • Lead cleavage sites in the core structure of group I intron RNA
    • Streicher, B., von Ahsen, U. & Schroeder, R. (1993). Lead cleavage sites in the core structure of group I intron RNA. Nucl. Acids Res. 21, 311-317.
    • (1993) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.21 , pp. 311-317
    • Streicher, B.1    Von Ahsen, U.2    Schroeder, R.3
  • 75
    • 0026651086 scopus 로고
    • Small catalytic RNAs
    • Symons, R. H. (1992). Small catalytic RNAs. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 61, 641-671.
    • (1992) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.61 , pp. 641-671
    • Symons, R.H.1
  • 76
    • 0028953727 scopus 로고
    • The sarcin/ricin loop, a modular RNA
    • Szewczak, A. A. & Moore, P. B. (1995). The sarcin/ricin loop, a modular RNA. J. Mol. Biol. 247, 81-98.
    • (1995) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.247 , pp. 81-98
    • Szewczak, A.A.1    Moore, P.B.2
  • 77
    • 0001326121 scopus 로고
    • Infectivity studies on different potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) RNAs synthesized in vitro with the SP6 transcription system
    • Tabler, M. & Sänger, H. L. (1985). Infectivity studies on different potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) RNAs synthesized in vitro with the SP6 transcription system. EMBO J. 4, 2191-2199.
    • (1985) EMBO J , vol.4 , pp. 2191-2199
    • Tabler, M.1    Sänger, H.L.2
  • 78
    • 0000336592 scopus 로고
    • Linear oligomeric potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) RNAs are accurately processed in vitro to the monomeric circular viroid proper when incubated with a nuclear extract from healthy potato cells
    • Tsagris, M., Tabler, M., Mühlbach, H. P. & Sänger, H. L. (1987a). Linear oligomeric potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) RNAs are accurately processed in vitro to the monomeric circular viroid proper when incubated with a nuclear extract from healthy potato cells. EMBO J. 6, 2173-2183.
    • (1987) EMBO J , vol.6 , pp. 2173-2183
    • Tsagris, M.1    Tabler, M.2    Mühlbach, H.P.3    Sänger, H.L.4
  • 79
    • 0023148539 scopus 로고
    • Oligomeric potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) RNA does not process autocatalytically under conditions where other RNAs do
    • Tsagris, M., Tabler, M. & Sänger, H. L. (1987b). Oligomeric potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) RNA does not process autocatalytically under conditions where other RNAs do. Virology, 157, 227-231.
    • (1987) Virology , vol.157 , pp. 227-231
    • Tsagris, M.1    Tabler, M.2    Sänger, H.L.3
  • 80
    • 0022432038 scopus 로고
    • Eleven new sequence variants of citrus exocortis viroid and the correlation of sequence and pathogenicity
    • Visvader, J. & Symons, R. H. (1985). Eleven new sequence variants of citrus exocortis viroid and the correlation of sequence and pathogenicity. Nucl. Acids Res. 13, 2907-2920.
    • (1985) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.13 , pp. 2907-2920
    • Visvader, J.1    Symons, R.H.2
  • 81
    • 0028670739 scopus 로고
    • An infectious viroid RNA replicon evolved from an in vitro-generated non-infectious viroid deletion mutant via a complementary deletion in vivo
    • Wassenegger, M., Heimes, S. & Sänger, H. L. (1994). An infectious viroid RNA replicon evolved from an in vitro-generated non-infectious viroid deletion mutant via a complementary deletion in vivo. EMBO J. 13, 6172-6177.
    • (1994) EMBO J , vol.13 , pp. 6172-6177
    • Wassenegger, M.1    Heimes, S.2    Sänger, H.L.3
  • 82
    • 0030589651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single nucleotide substitution converts potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) from a non-infectious to an infectious RNA for Nicotiana tabacum
    • in the press
    • Wassenegger, M., Spieker, R. L., Thalmeir, S., Gast, F.-U., Riedel, L. & Sänger, H. L. (1996). A single nucleotide substitution converts potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) from a non-infectious to an infectious RNA for Nicotiana tabacum. Virology, in the press.
    • (1996) Virology
    • Wassenegger, M.1    Spieker, R.L.2    Thalmeir, S.3    Gast, F.-U.4    Riedel, L.5    Sänger, H.L.6
  • 83
    • 0027439912 scopus 로고
    • The conformation of loop E of eukaryotic 5 S ribosomal RNA
    • Wimberly, B., Varani, G. & Tinoco, I., Jr (1993). The conformation of loop E of eukaryotic 5 S ribosomal RNA. Biochemistry, 32, 1078-1087.
    • (1993) Biochemistry , vol.32 , pp. 1078-1087
    • Wimberly, B.1    Varani, G.2    Tinoco I., Jr.3
  • 85
    • 0024477261 scopus 로고
    • On finding all suboptimal foldings of an RNA molecule
    • Zuker, M. (1989). On finding all suboptimal foldings of an RNA molecule. Science, 244, 48-52.
    • (1989) Science , vol.244 , pp. 48-52
    • Zuker, M.1
  • 86
    • 0019876473 scopus 로고
    • Optimal folding of large RNA sequences using thermodynamics and auxiliary information
    • Zuker, M. & Stiegler, P. (1981). Optimal folding of large RNA sequences using thermodynamics and auxiliary information. Nucl. Acids Res. 9, 133-148.
    • (1981) Nucl. Acids Res. , vol.9 , pp. 133-148
    • Zuker, M.1    Stiegler, P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.