In vivo epinephrine reactivation of ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 in the rabbit is correlated to a 370-base-pair region located between the promoter and the 5' end of the 2.0-Kilobase latency-associated transcript

Journal of Virology

Volumn 70, Issue 10, 1996, Pages 7270-7274

  Hill, James M ^a   Maggioncalda, John B ^b   Garza Jr , Hildegardo H ^a   Su, Ying Hsiu ^b   Fraser, Nigel W ^c   Block, Timothy M ^b  

^a LSU EYE CENTER   (United States)

^b THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c WISTAR INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; BASE PAIRING; HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS 1; LATENT PERIOD; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; RABBIT; VIRUS REACTIVATION;

EID: 0029794593     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.70.10.7270-7274.1996     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Block, T. M., S. Deshmane, J. Masonis, J. Maggioncalda, N. T. Valyi, and N. W. Fraser. 1993. An HSV LAT null mutant reactivates slowly from latent infection and makes small plaques on CV-1 monolayers. Virology 192:618-630.
2. Block, T. M., J. G. Spivack, I. Steiner, S. Deshmane, M. T. McIntosh, R. P. Lirette, and N. W. Fraser. 1990. A herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript mutant reactivates with normal kinetics from latent infection. J. Virol. 64:3417-3426.
3. Bloom, D. C., G. B. Devi-Rao, J. M. Hill, J. G. Stevens, and E. K. Wagner. 1994. Molecular analysis of herpes simplex virus type 1 during epinephrine-induced reactivation of latently infected rabbits in vivo. J. Virol. 68:1283-1292.
4. Bloom, D. C., J. M. Hill, G. Devi-Rao, E. K. Wagner, L. T. Feldman, and J. G. Stevens. 1996. A 348-hase-pair region in the latency-associated transcript facilitates herpes simplex virus type 1 reactivation. J. Virol. 70:2449-2459.
5. Chen, X., M. C. Schmidt, W. F. Goins, and J. C. Glorioso. 1995. Two herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-active promoters differ in their contributions to latency-associated transcript expression during lytic and latent infections. J. Virol. 69:7899-7908.
6. Clough, D. W., L. M. Kunkel, and R. L. Davidson. 1982. 5-Azacytidine-induced reactivation of a herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene. Science 216:70-73.
7. Coen, D. M. 1990. Quantitation of rare DNAs by the polymerase chain reaction, p. 15.31-15.3.8. In F. M. Ausubel, R. Brent, R. E. Kingston, D. D. Moore, J. A. Smith, J. G. Seidman, and K. Struhl (ed.), Current protocols in molecular biology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
8. Coen, D. M. 1994. Quantification of DNAs by the polymerase chain reaction using an internal control, p. 89-96. In K. B. Mullis, F. Ferre, and R. A. Gibbs (ed.), The polymerase chain reaction. Birkhauser, Boston.
9. Cook, S. D., J. M. Hill, C. Lynas, and N. J. Maitland. 1991. Latency-associated transcripts in corneas and ganglia of HSV-1 infected rabbits. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 75:644-648.
10. Cook, S. D., M. J. Paveloff, J. J. Doucet, A. J. Cottingham, F. Sedarati, and J. M. Hill. 1991. Ocular herpes simplex virus reactivation in mice latently infected with latency-associated transcript mutants. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 32:1558-1561.
11. Farrell, M. J., J. M. Hill, T. P. Margolis, J. G. Stevens, E. K. Wagner, and L. T. Feldman. 1993. The herpes simplex virus type 1 reactivation function lies outside the latency-associated transcript open reading frame ORF-2. J. Virol. 67:3653-3655.
12. Fynan, E., D. Ewert, and T. Block. 1993. Latency and reactivation of Marek's disease virus in B lymphocytes transformed by avian leukosis virus. J. Gen. Virol. 74:2163-2170.
13. L flanking repeats. J. Virol. 68:2239-2252.
14. Hill, J. M., J. B. Dudley, Y. Shimomura, and H. E. Kaufman. 1986. Quantitation and kinetics of induced HSV-1 ocular shedding. Curr. Eye Res. 5:241-246.
15. Hill, J. M., B. M. Gebhardt, R. Wen, A. M. Bouterie, H. W. Thompson, R. J. O'Callaghan, W. P. Halford, and H. E. Kaufman. 1996. Quantitation of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA and latency-associated transcripts in rabbit trigeminal ganglia demonstrates a stable reservoir of viral nucleic acids during latency. J. Virol. 70:3137-3141.
16. Hill, J. M., W. P. Halford, R. Wen, L. S. Engel, L. C. Green, and B. M. Gebhardt. 1996. Quantitative analysis of polymerase chain reaction products by dot blot. Anal. Biochem. 235:44-48.
17. Hill, J. M., Y. Haruta, and D. S. Rootman. 1987. Adrenergically induced recurrent HSV-1 corneal epithelial lesion. Curr. Eye Res. 6:1065-1071.
18. Hill, J. M., R. J. O'Callaghan, J. A. Hobden, and H. E. Kaufman. 1993. Ocular iontophoresis, p. 331-354. In A. K. Mitra (ed.), Ophthalmic drug delivery systems. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
19. Hill, J. M., M. A. Rayfield, and Y. Haruta. 1987. Strain specificity of spontaneous and adrenergically induced HSV-1 ocular reactivation in latently infected rabbits. Curr. Eye Res. 6:91-97.
20. Hill, J. M., F. Sedarati, R. T. Javier, E. K. Wagner, and J. G. Stevens. 1990. Herpes simplex virus latent phase transcription facilitates in vivo reactivation. Virology 174:117-125.
21. Hill, J. M., R. Wen, and W. P. Halford. Pathogenesis and molecular biology of ocular HSV in the rabbit. Methods Mol. Biol., in press.
22. Honess, R. W., U. A. Gompels, B. G. Barrell, M. Craxton, K. R. Cameron, R. Staden, Y.-N. Chang, and G. S. Hayward. 1989. Deviations from expected frequencies of CpG dinucleotides in herpesvirus DNAs may be diagnostic of differences in the states of their latent genomes. J. Gen. Virol. 70:837-855.
23. Karlin, S., W. Doerfler, and L. R. Cardon. 1994. Why is CpG suppressed in the genomes of virtually all small eukaryotic viruses but not in those of large eukaryotic viruses? J. Virol. 68:2889-2897.
24. Maggioncalda, J., A. Mehta, N. W. Fraser, and T. M. Block. 1994. Analysis of a herpes simplex virus type 1 LAT mutant with a deletion between the putative promoter and the 5′ end of the 2.0-kilobase transcript. J. Virol. 68:7816-7824.
25. Maniatis, T., E. F. Fritsch, and J. Sambrook. 1982. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
26. Perng, G.-C., E. C. Dunkel, P. A. Geary, S. M. Slanina, H. Ghiasi, R. Kaiwar, A. B. Nesburn, and S. L. Wechsler. 1994. The latency-associated transcript gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is required for efficient in vivo spontaneous reactivation of HSV-1 from latency. J. Virol. 68:8045-8055.
27. Perng, G.-C., H. Ghiasi, S. M. Slanina, A. B. Nesburn, and S. L. Wechsler. 1996. The spontaneous reactivation function of the herpes simplex virus type 1 LAT gene resides completely within the first 1.5 kilobases of the 8.3-kilobase primary transcript. J. Virol. 70:976-984.
28. Perng, G.-C., S. M. Slanina, H. Ghiasi, A. B. Nesburn, and S. L. Wechsler. 1996. A 371-nucleotide region between the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) LAT promoter and the 2-kilobase LAT is not essential for efficient spontaneous reactivation of latent HSV-1. J. Virol. 70:2014-2018.
29. Singer-Sam, J., and A. D. Riggs. 1993. X chromosome inactivation and DNA methylation, p. 359-384. In J. P. Jost and H. P. Saluz (ed.), DNA methylation: molecular biology and biological significance. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel.
30. Treco, D. A. 1990. Preparation and analysis of DNA, p. 2.0.3-2.2.3. In F. M. Ausubel, M. R. Brent, R. E. Kingston, D. D. Moore, J. A. Smith, J. G. Seidman, and K. Struhl (ed.), Current protocols in molecular biology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
31. Trousdale, M. D., I. Steiner, J. G. Spivack, S. Deshmane, S. M. Brown, A. R. MacLean, J. H. Subak-Sharpe, and N. W. Fraser. 1991. In vivo and in vitro reactivation impairment of a herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript variant in a rabbit eye model. J. Virol. 65:6989-6993.
32. Youssoufian, H., S. M. Hammer, M. S. Hirsch, and C. Mulder. 1982. Methylation of the viral genome in an in vitro model of herpes simplex virus latency. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:2207-2210.