메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 42, Issue 9, 1999, Pages 1785-1796

Guidelines for referral and management of systemic lupus erythematosus in adults

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AZATHIOPRINE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; GLUCOCORTICOID; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; METHOTREXATE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT;

EID: 0013374274     PISSN: 00043591     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(199909)42:9<1785::aid-anr1>3.0.co;2-%23     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (268)

References (58)
  • 10
    • 0031229830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Hochberg MC. Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus [letter]. Arthritis Rheum 1997;40:1725.
    • (1997) Arthritis Rheum , vol.40 , pp. 1725
    • Hochberg, M.C.1
  • 11
    • 13344270914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development and initial validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index for systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Gladman D, Ginzler E, Goldsmith C, Fortin P, Liang M, Urowitz M, et al. The development and initial validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index for systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1996;39:363-9.
    • (1996) Arthritis Rheum , vol.39 , pp. 363-369
    • Gladman, D.1    Ginzler, E.2    Goldsmith, C.3    Fortin, P.4    Liang, M.5    Urowitz, M.6
  • 12
    • 0029873897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SLICC/ACR damage index is valid, and renal and pulmonary organ scores are predictors of severe outcome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Stoll T, Seifert B, Isenberg DA. SLICC/ACR damage index is valid, and renal and pulmonary organ scores are predictors of severe outcome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Br J Rheumatol 1996;35:248-54.
    • (1996) Br J Rheumatol , vol.35 , pp. 248-254
    • Stoll, T.1    Seifert, B.2    Isenberg, D.A.3
  • 13
    • 0029046927 scopus 로고
    • Mortality studies in systemic lupus erythematosus: Results from a single centre. I. Causes of death
    • Abu-Shakra M, Urowitz MB, Gladman DD, Gough J. Mortality studies in systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a single centre. I. Causes of death. J Rheumatol 1995;22:1259-64.
    • (1995) J Rheumatol , vol.22 , pp. 1259-1264
    • Abu-Shakra, M.1    Urowitz, M.B.2    Gladman, D.D.3    Gough, J.4
  • 15
    • 0029807544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Gladman DD. Prognosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Opin Rheumatol 1996;8:430-7.
    • (1996) Curr Opin Rheumatol , vol.8 , pp. 430-437
    • Gladman, D.D.1
  • 16
    • 0029037063 scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus: Emerging concepts. Part 2. Dermatologie and joint disease, the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, pregnancy and hormonal therapy, morbidity and mortality, and pathogenesis
    • Boumpas DT, Fessler BJ, Austin HA III, Balow JE, Klippel JH, Lockshin MD. Systemic lupus erythematosus: emerging concepts. Part 2. Dermatologie and joint disease, the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, pregnancy and hormonal therapy, morbidity and mortality, and pathogenesis. Ann Intern Med 1995;123:42-53.
    • (1995) Ann Intern Med , vol.123 , pp. 42-53
    • Boumpas, D.T.1    Fessler, B.J.2    Austin H.A. III3    Balow, J.E.4    Klippel, J.H.5    Lockshin, M.D.6
  • 17
  • 18
    • 0020696224 scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to native DNA and serum complement (C3) levels: Application to diagnosis and classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Weinstein A, Bordwell B, Stone B, Tibbetts C, Rothfield NF. Antibodies to native DNA and serum complement (C3) levels: application to diagnosis and classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med 1983;174:206-16.
    • (1983) Am J Med , vol.174 , pp. 206-216
    • Weinstein, A.1    Bordwell, B.2    Stone, B.3    Tibbetts, C.4    Rothfield, N.F.5
  • 19
    • 0025943797 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of different methods of classifying patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Perez-Gutthann S, Petri M, Hochberg MC. Comparison of different methods of classifying patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1991;18:1176-9.
    • (1991) J Rheumatol , vol.18 , pp. 1176-1179
    • Perez-Gutthann, S.1    Petri, M.2    Hochberg, M.C.3
  • 20
    • 0024375940 scopus 로고
    • The diagnostic associations of patients with antinuclear antibodies referred to a community rheumatologist
    • Shiel WC Jr, Jason M. The diagnostic associations of patients with antinuclear antibodies referred to a community rheumatologist. J Rheumatol 1989;16:782-5.
    • (1989) J Rheumatol , vol.16 , pp. 782-785
    • Shiel W.C., Jr.1    Jason, M.2
  • 21
    • 0032493059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of disease: Antibodies to DNA
    • Hahn BH. Mechanisms of disease: antibodies to DNA. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1359-68.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , pp. 1359-1368
    • Hahn, B.H.1
  • 22
    • 0028820330 scopus 로고
    • Identification of patient subsets among those presumptively diagnosed with, referred, and/or followed up for systemic lupus erythematosus at a large tertiary care center
    • Calvo-Alén J, Bastian HM, Straaton KV, Burgard SL, Mikhail IS, Alarcón GS. Identification of patient subsets among those presumptively diagnosed with, referred, and/or followed up for systemic lupus erythematosus at a large tertiary care center. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:1475-84.
    • (1995) Arthritis Rheum , vol.38 , pp. 1475-1484
    • Calvo-Alén, J.1    Bastian, H.M.2    Straaton, K.V.3    Burgard, S.L.4    Mikhail, I.S.5    Alarcón, G.S.6
  • 23
    • 0002230426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition, classification, activity and damage indices
    • Wallace DJ, Hahn BH, editors. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins
    • Kalunian KC. Definition, classification, activity and damage indices. In: Wallace DJ, Hahn BH, editors. Dubois' lupus erythematosus. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1997. p. 19-30.
    • (1997) Dubois' Lupus Erythematosus. 5th Ed. , pp. 19-30
    • Kalunian, K.C.1
  • 24
    • 0029004818 scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus: Emerging concepts. Part 1. Renal, neuropsychiatrie, cardiovascular, pulmonary and hematologic disease
    • Boumpas DT, Austin HA III, Fessier BJ, Balow JE, Klippel JH, Lockshin MD. Systemic lupus erythematosus: emerging concepts. Part 1. Renal, neuropsychiatrie, cardiovascular, pulmonary and hematologic disease. Ann Intern Med 1995;122:940-50.
    • (1995) Ann Intern Med , vol.122 , pp. 940-950
    • Boumpas, D.T.1    Austin H.A. III2    Fessier, B.J.3    Balow, J.E.4    Klippel, J.H.5    Lockshin, M.D.6
  • 25
    • 0025374697 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of increases in anti-double-stranded DNA antibody levels as a predictor of disease exacerbation in systemic lupus erythematosus: A long-term, prospective study
    • Ter Borg EJ, Horst G, Hummel EJ, Limburg PC, Kallenberg CGM. Measurement of increases in anti-double-stranded DNA antibody levels as a predictor of disease exacerbation in systemic lupus erythematosus: a long-term, prospective study. Arthritis Rheum 1990;33:634-43.
    • (1990) Arthritis Rheum , vol.33 , pp. 634-643
    • Ter Borg, E.J.1    Horst, G.2    Hummel, E.J.3    Limburg, P.C.4    Kallenberg, C.G.M.5
  • 26
    • 0025900754 scopus 로고
    • Definition, incidence, and clinical description of flare in systemic lupus erythematosus: A prospective cohort study
    • Petri M, Genovese M, Engle E, Hochberg M. Definition, incidence, and clinical description of flare in systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Rheum 1991;34:937-44.
    • (1991) Arthritis Rheum , vol.34 , pp. 937-944
    • Petri, M.1    Genovese, M.2    Engle, E.3    Hochberg, M.4
  • 29
    • 0031767832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current role of renal biopsy in SLE
    • Esdaile JM. Current role of renal biopsy in SLE. Baillieres Clin Rheumatol 1998;12:433-8.
    • (1998) Baillieres Clin Rheumatol , vol.12 , pp. 433-438
    • Esdaile, J.M.1
  • 30
    • 0025150170 scopus 로고
    • Acute central nervous system symptoms caused by ibuprofen in connective tissue disease
    • Agus B, Nelson J, Kramer N, Mahal SS, Rosenstein ED. Acute central nervous system symptoms caused by ibuprofen in connective tissue disease. J Rheumatol 1990;17:1094-6.
    • (1990) J Rheumatol , vol.17 , pp. 1094-1096
    • Agus, B.1    Nelson, J.2    Kramer, N.3    Mahal, S.S.4    Rosenstein, E.D.5
  • 31
    • 0032510378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omeprazole compared with misoprostol for ulcers associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: Omeprazole versus Misoprostol for NSAID-Induced Ulcer Management (OMNIUM) Study Group
    • Hawkey CJ, Karrasch JA, Szczepanski L, Walker DG, Barkun A, Swannell AJ, et al. Omeprazole compared with misoprostol for ulcers associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: Omeprazole versus Misoprostol for NSAID-Induced Ulcer Management (OMNIUM) Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:727-34.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , pp. 727-734
    • Hawkey, C.J.1    Karrasch, J.A.2    Szczepanski, L.3    Walker, D.G.4    Barkun, A.5    Swannell, A.J.6
  • 32
    • 0028010721 scopus 로고
    • Antimalarial agents and lupus
    • Wallace DJ. Antimalarial agents and lupus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1994;20:243-63.
    • (1994) Rheum Dis Clin North Am , vol.20 , pp. 243-263
    • Wallace, D.J.1
  • 33
    • 0029864560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
    • American College of Rheumatology Task Force on Osteoporosis Guidelines. Recommendations for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Arthritis Rheum 1996;39: 1791-801.
    • (1996) Arthritis Rheum , vol.39 , pp. 1791-1801
  • 35
    • 0026006181 scopus 로고
    • Infection and disease activity in SLE: A review of hospitalized patients
    • Watanabe Duffy KN, Duffy CM, Gladman DD. Infection and disease activity in SLE: a review of hospitalized patients. J Rheumatol 1991;18:1180-4.
    • (1991) J Rheumatol , vol.18 , pp. 1180-1184
    • Watanabe Duffy, K.N.1    Duffy, C.M.2    Gladman, D.D.3
  • 36
    • 85080549374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient education
    • Klippel J, Weyand C, Wortmann R, editors. Atlanta: Arthritis Foundation
    • Robbins L. Patient education. In: Klippel J, Weyand C, Wortmann R, editors. Primer on the rheumatic diseases. 11th ed. Atlanta: Arthritis Foundation; 1997. p. 416-8.
    • (1997) Primer on the Rheumatic Diseases. 11th Ed. , pp. 416-418
    • Robbins, L.1
  • 37
    • 0024337528 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and expression of photosensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Wysenbeek AJ, Block DA, Fries JF. Prevalence and expression of photosensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 1989;48:461-3.
    • (1989) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.48 , pp. 461-463
    • Wysenbeek, A.J.1    Block, D.A.2    Fries, J.F.3
  • 39
    • 0026074414 scopus 로고
    • A randomized study of the effect of withdrawing hydroxychloroquine sulfate in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • The Canadian Hydroxychloroquine Study Group. A randomized study of the effect of withdrawing hydroxychloroquine sulfate in systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 1991; 324:150-4.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 150-154
  • 40
    • 0028300241 scopus 로고
    • Effect of prednisone and hydroxychloroquine on coronary artery disease risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus: A longitudinal data analysis
    • Petri M, Lakatta C, Magder L, Goldman D. Effect of prednisone and hydroxychloroquine on coronary artery disease risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus: a longitudinal data analysis. Am J Med 1994;96:254-9.
    • (1994) Am J Med , vol.96 , pp. 254-259
    • Petri, M.1    Lakatta, C.2    Magder, L.3    Goldman, D.4
  • 41
    • 0000961888 scopus 로고
    • Effect of large doses of prednisone on the renal lesions and life span of patients with lupus glomerulonephritis
    • Pollak VE, Pirani CL, Kark RM. Effect of large doses of prednisone on the renal lesions and life span of patients with lupus glomerulonephritis. J Lab Clin Med 1961;57:495-511.
    • (1961) J Lab Clin Med , vol.57 , pp. 495-511
    • Pollak, V.E.1    Pirani, C.L.2    Kark, R.M.3
  • 42
    • 0016774614 scopus 로고
    • Azathioprine plus prednisone versus prednisone alone in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: A report of a prospective, controlled trial in 24 patients
    • Hahn BH, Kantor OS, Osterland CK. Azathioprine plus prednisone versus prednisone alone in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: a report of a prospective, controlled trial in 24 patients. Ann Intern Med 1975;85:597-605.
    • (1975) Ann Intern Med , vol.85 , pp. 597-605
    • Hahn, B.H.1    Kantor, O.S.2    Osterland, C.K.3
  • 43
    • 0025786860 scopus 로고
    • Long term preservation of renal function in patients with lupus nephritis receiving treatment that includes cyclophosphamide versus those treated with prednisone only
    • Steinberg AD, Steinberg SC. Long term preservation of renal function in patients with lupus nephritis receiving treatment that includes cyclophosphamide versus those treated with prednisone only. Arthritis Rheum 1991;34:945-50.
    • (1991) Arthritis Rheum , vol.34 , pp. 945-950
    • Steinberg, A.D.1    Steinberg, S.C.2
  • 44
    • 0030268581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide, alone or in combination, in patients with lupus nephritis: A randomized, controlled trial
    • Gourley MF, Austin HA III, Scott D, Yarboro CH, Vaughan EM, Muir J, et al. Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide, alone or in combination, in patients with lupus nephritis: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1996;125:549-57.
    • (1996) Ann Intern Med , vol.125 , pp. 549-557
    • Gourley, M.F.1    Austin H.A. III2    Scott, D.3    Yarboro, C.H.4    Vaughan, E.M.5    Muir, J.6
  • 45
    • 0025230739 scopus 로고
    • Intermittent cyclophosphamide for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Boumpas DT, Barez S, Klippel JH, Balow JE. Intermittent cyclophosphamide for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Intern Med 1990;112:674-7.
    • (1990) Ann Intern Med , vol.112 , pp. 674-677
    • Boumpas, D.T.1    Barez, S.2    Klippel, J.H.3    Balow, J.E.4
  • 48
    • 0027956544 scopus 로고
    • A 2 year, open ended trial of methotrexate in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Wilson K, Abeles M. A 2 year, open ended trial of methotrexate in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1994;21:1674-7.
    • (1994) J Rheumatol , vol.21 , pp. 1674-1677
    • Wilson, K.1    Abeles, M.2
  • 49
    • 0024411419 scopus 로고
    • The comparison of gammaglobulin to steroids in treating adult immune thrombocytopenia: An interim analysis
    • Jacobs P, Woods L. The comparison of gammaglobulin to steroids in treating adult immune thrombocytopenia: an interim analysis. Blut 1989;59:92-5.
    • (1989) Blut , vol.59 , pp. 92-95
    • Jacobs, P.1    Woods, L.2
  • 50
    • 0023894256 scopus 로고
    • Danazol for the treatment of refractory autoimmune thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • West SG, Johnson SC. Danazol for the treatment of refractory autoimmune thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Intern Med 1988;108:703-6.
    • (1988) Ann Intern Med , vol.108 , pp. 703-706
    • West, S.G.1    Johnson, S.C.2
  • 51
    • 0023864072 scopus 로고
    • Splenectomy for cytopenias associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Coon WW. Splenectomy for cytopenias associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Surg 1988;155:391-4.
    • (1988) Am J Surg , vol.155 , pp. 391-394
    • Coon, W.W.1
  • 52
    • 0028269624 scopus 로고
    • Effect of low-dose cyclosporin A on systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity
    • Tokuda M, Kurata N, Mizoguchi A, Inoh M, Seto K, Kinashi M, et al. Effect of low-dose cyclosporin A on systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity. Arthritis Rheum 1994;4:551-8.
    • (1994) Arthritis Rheum , vol.4 , pp. 551-558
    • Tokuda, M.1    Kurata, N.2    Mizoguchi, A.3    Inoh, M.4    Seto, K.5    Kinashi, M.6
  • 54
    • 0030113024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Lupus Plasmapheresis Study Group; rationale and updated interim report
    • Euler HH, Schwab UM, Schroeder JO, Hasford J. The Lupus Plasmapheresis Study Group; rationale and updated interim report. Artif Organs 1996;20:356-9.
    • (1996) Artif Organs , vol.20 , pp. 356-359
    • Euler, H.H.1    Schwab, U.M.2    Schroeder, J.O.3    Hasford, J.4
  • 55
    • 0031455058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive plasmapheresis for severe thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: Long-term clinical outcome
    • Rund D, Schaap T, Gillis S. Intensive plasmapheresis for severe thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: long-term clinical outcome. J Clin Apheresis 1997;12:194-5.
    • (1997) J Clin Apheresis , vol.12 , pp. 194-195
    • Rund, D.1    Schaap, T.2    Gillis, S.3
  • 57
    • 0031900571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of recurrent lupus nephritis among ninety-seven renal transplant patients during the cyclosporine era
    • Stone JH, Millward CL, Olson JL, Amend WJC, Criswell LA. Frequency of recurrent lupus nephritis among ninety-seven renal transplant patients during the cyclosporine era. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41:678-86.
    • (1998) Arthritis Rheum , vol.41 , pp. 678-686
    • Stone, J.H.1    Millward, C.L.2    Olson, J.L.3    Amend, W.J.C.4    Criswell, L.A.5
  • 58
    • 0029622347 scopus 로고
    • Dehydroepiandrosterone in systemic lupus erythematosus: Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
    • Van Vollenhoven RF, Engleman EG, McGuire JL. Dehydroepiandrosterone in systemic lupus erythematosus: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:1826-31.
    • (1995) Arthritis Rheum , vol.38 , pp. 1826-1831
    • Van Vollenhoven, R.F.1    Engleman, E.G.2    McGuire, J.L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.