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7
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3643144099
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Cleveland, Ohio, March
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A. I. Akinwande, P. P. Ruden, B. L. Goldenberg, D. K. Arch, and J. King, Proceedings of 1994 Tri-Service (NASA) Cathode Workshop, Cleveland, Ohio, March 1994, p. 105.
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(1994)
Proceedings of 1994 Tri-Service (NASA) Cathode Workshop
, pp. 105
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Akinwande, A.I.1
Ruden, P.P.2
Goldenberg, B.L.3
Arch, D.K.4
King, J.5
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12
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0001237842
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W. P. Shen and H. S. Kwok, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 2162 (1994). In this letter the authors report the epitaxial growth of various II-VI compound semiconductors (ZnS, ZnSe, CdS, CdSe, and CdTe) on (111) and (100) InP and GaAs substrates by excimer laser ablation. All the films have good crystalline quality (fully in-plane) and mirror-like surface morphology. They found that, on (111)-oriented substrates, CdS and CdSe films were in the hexagonal phase with the c axis perpendicular to the surface, while ZnS and ZnSe films were in the cubic phase. The films grown on (100)-oriented substrates were all cubic; see also W. P. Shen and H. S. Kwok, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 340, 457 (1994).
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(1994)
Appl. Phys. Lett.
, vol.65
, pp. 2162
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Shen, W.P.1
Kwok, H.S.2
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13
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0028573266
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W. P. Shen and H. S. Kwok, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 2162 (1994). In this letter the authors report the epitaxial growth of various II-VI compound semiconductors (ZnS, ZnSe, CdS, CdSe, and CdTe) on (111) and (100) InP and GaAs substrates by excimer laser ablation. All the films have good crystalline quality (fully in-plane) and mirror-like surface morphology. They found that, on (111)-oriented substrates, CdS and CdSe films were in the hexagonal phase with the c axis perpendicular to the surface, while ZnS and ZnSe films were in the cubic phase. The films grown on (100)-oriented substrates were all cubic; see also W. P. Shen and H. S. Kwok, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 340, 457 (1994).
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(1994)
Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc.
, vol.340
, pp. 457
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Shen, W.P.1
Kwok, H.S.2
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14
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0003612533
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Plenum, New York
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The room temperature work function for LaS was calculated by extrapolating measured work function values at high temperature as reported by S. Fomenko, Handbook of Thermionic Properties (Plenum, New York, 1966). Within the range of temperature investigated by Fomenko, the LaS work function increases with temperature at a rate of 2 meV/K.
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(1966)
Handbook of Thermionic Properties
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Fomenko, S.1
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16
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0000859681
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O. Eriksson, J. Willis, P. D. Mumford, M. Cahay, and W. Friz, Phys. Rev. B 57, 4067 (1998).
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(1998)
Phys. Rev. B
, vol.57
, pp. 4067
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Eriksson, O.1
Willis, J.2
Mumford, P.D.3
Cahay, M.4
Friz, W.5
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17
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11744345444
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note
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THe driving force behind our simple analytical model is to obtain analytical expressions to describe the essential physics of the cold cathode operation. A more complete model would require sophisticated simulations tools, such as Monte Carlo description of carrier transport through the entire structure. This approach is far too complicated for the design of prototype cathodes.
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18
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0001710457
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Springer, Berlin
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R. H. Good, Jr. and E. Muller, Handbuch der Physik (Springer, Berlin, 1956), Vol. 21, p. 176.
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(1956)
Handbuch der Physik
, vol.21
, pp. 176
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Good Jr., R.H.1
Muller, E.2
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19
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0003554309
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Springer, New York
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There are conflicting reports for the measured electron affinity of CdS. The affinity is known to vary with the surface orientation and the phase of the semiconductor material. Here, we use the electron affinity 4.2 eV reported in, O. Madelung, Semiconductors other than Group IV Elements and III-V Compounds (Springer, New York, 1992).
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(1992)
Semiconductors Other Than Group IV Elements and III-V Compounds
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Madelung, O.1
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20
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0003832103
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Prentice Hall Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering, L. O. Chua, Series Editor Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
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S. Wang, Fundamental of Semiconductor Theory and Device Physics, Prentice Hall Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering, L. O. Chua, Series Editor (Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1989).
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(1989)
Fundamental of Semiconductor Theory and Device Physics
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Wang, S.1
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21
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85088546152
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note
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c was assumed to be given by Anderson's rule, i.e., Δ in Fig. 2 is assumed to be given by |χ(InP)-χ(CdS)|=0.2 eV. This estimate was based on the measured electron affinities of CdS (4.2 eV) and InP (4.4 eV).
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26
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0001334714
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Similar parametric representation of the FN emission current has been used recently by Koehler and Hummelgen [Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 3254 (1997)] to model the temperature dependence of the tunneling current through a triangular barrier at metal/polymer interface. These interfaces are also characterized by a small barrier height.
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(1997)
Appl. Phys. Lett.
, vol.70
, pp. 3254
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Koehler1
Hummelgen2
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27
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11744376255
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Dissipation Processes in Veiled Work Function Emitters
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Task ELM-2, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base May
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W. Friz, "Dissipation Processes in Veiled Work Function Emitters," Final Technical Report, Task ELM-2, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (May 1996).
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(1996)
Final Technical Report
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Friz, W.1
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28
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0003679914
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Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
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J. M. Ziman, Theory of Solids (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1972).
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(1972)
Theory of Solids
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Ziman, J.M.1
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29
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0002736817
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The resistivity of the LaS thin film is taken to be 25 μΩ cm following the work of A. V. Golubkov, T. B. Zhukova, and V. M. Sergeeva, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Neorg. Mater. 2, 77 (1966).
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(1966)
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Neorg. Mater.
, vol.2
, pp. 77
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Golubkov, A.V.1
Zhukova, T.B.2
Sergeeva, V.M.3
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30
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85088545697
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1 was used in the numerical examples of Ref. 9
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1 was used in the numerical examples of Ref. 9.
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32
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11744381726
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The fraction of the current lost to inelastic collisions is assumed to be reaccelerated by the electric field in the CdS layer and to rejoin the constant total current as a lower energy component
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The fraction of the current lost to inelastic collisions is assumed to be reaccelerated by the electric field in the CdS layer and to rejoin the constant total current as a lower energy component.
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33
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0027657452
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J. J. Liou, L. L. Liou, C. I. Huang, and B. Bayraktaroglu, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 40, 1570 (1993).
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(1993)
IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
, vol.40
, pp. 1570
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Liou, J.J.1
Liou, L.L.2
Huang, C.I.3
Bayraktaroglu, B.4
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34
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0004060193
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Wiley-Interscience, New York, Chap. I
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C. Cohen-Tannoudji, B. Diu, and F. Laloe, Quantum Mechanics (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1977), Vol. 1, Chap. I.
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(1977)
Quantum Mechanics
, vol.1
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Cohen-Tannoudji, C.1
Diu, B.2
Laloe, F.3
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35
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85088546114
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-1 by Raman spectroscopy (P. Boolchand, private communication)
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-1 by Raman spectroscopy (P. Boolchand, private communication).
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36
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85088546897
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0 for the operating range of biases investigated in all numerical simulations
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0 for the operating range of biases investigated in all numerical simulations.
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