Ecosystem management in the context of large, infrequent disturbances

Ecosystems

Volumn 1, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 546-557

  Dale, Virginia H ^a   Lugo, Ariel E ^b   MacMahon, James A ^c   Pickett, Steward T A ^d  

^a OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL FORESTRY   (Puerto Rico)

^c UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d CARY INSTITUTE OF ECOSYSTEM STUDIES   (United States)

Author keywords

Disturbance; Ecosystem management; Land use; Recovery; Spatial heterogeneity; Succession

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001068276     PISSN: 14329840     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s100219900050     Document Type: Article

References (94)

1. Adams AB, Dale VH, Kruckeberg AR, Smith E. 1987. Plant survival, growth form, and regeneration following the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington. Northwest Sci 61:160-70.
2. Adler T. 1996. Healing waters: flooding rivers to repent for the damage done by dams. Sci News 150:188-9.
3. [AFPA] American Forest and Paper Association. 1994. Ecosystem management and private lands. Washington (DC): AFPA.
4. Agee JK, Johnson DR. 1998. Ecosystem management for parks and wilderness. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
5. Aide TM, Zimmerman JK, Rosario M, Mercado H. 1996. Forest recovery in abandoned cattle pastures along an elevational gradient in northeastern Puerto Rico. Biotropica 28:537-48.
6. Arnold GW. 1995. Incorporating landscape pattern into conservation programs. In: Hansson L, Fahrig L, Merriam G, editors. Mosaic landscapes and ecological processes. New York: Chapman and Hall. p 307-39.
7. Baker WL. 1992. The landscape ecology of large disturbances in the design and management of nature reserves. Landscape Ecol 7:181-94.
8. Bleser CA. 1992. Status survey, management and monitoring activities for the Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) in Wisconsin, 1990-1992. Bureau of Endangered Resources, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; Final Report submitted to the US Fish and Wildlife Service Office of Endangered Species Per Cooperative Agreement E-1-13, Study 320.
9. Bradshaw FJ. 1992. Quantifying edge effect and patch size for multiple-use silviculture: a discussion paper. For Ecol Manage 48:249-64.
10. Brown DA, Brown KD. 1996. Disturbance plays key role in distribution of plant species. Restoration Manage Notes 14: 140-7.
11. Bureau of Land Management. 1994. Ecosystem management in the BLM: from concept to commitment. Washington (DC): US Government Printing Office.
12. Christensen NL, Agee JK, Brussard PF, Hughes J, Knight DH, Minshall GW, Peek JM, Pyne SJ, Swanson FJ, Thomas BF, and others. 1989. Interpreting the Yellowstone fires of 1988. BioScience 39:678-85.
13. Christensen NL, Bartuska AM, Brown JH, Carpenter SR, D'Antonio C, Francis R, Franklin JF, MacMahon JA, Noss RF, Parsons DJ, and others. 1996. The report of the Ecological Society of America Committee on the scientific basis for ecosystem management. Ecol Appl 6:665-91.
14. Clark JS. 1991. Disturbance and tree life history on the shifting mosaic landscape. J Ecol 72:1102-18.
15. Clark JS, Royall PD, Chumbley C. 1996a. The role of fire during climate change in an eastern deciduous forest at Devil's Bathtub, New York. Ecology 77:2148-66.
16. Clark JS, Stocks BJ, Richard PJH. 1996b. Climate implications of biomass burning since the 19th century in eastern North America. Global Change Biol 2:433-42.
17. Coffin DP, Lauenroth WK. 1988. The effects of disturbance size and frequency on a shortgrass plant community. Ecology 69:1609-17.
18. Collier MP, Webb RH, Andrews ED. 1997. Experimental flooding in Grand Canyon. Sci Am 276:82-9.
19. Covich AP, Crowl TA. 1990. Effects of hurricane storm flow on transport of woody debris in a rain forest stream (Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico). In: Krishna JH, Aponte VQ, Gomez-Gomez F, editors. Tropical hydrology and Caribbean water resources. San Juan (Puerto Rico): American Water Resources Association. p 197-205.
20. Covich AP, Crowl TA, Johnson SL, Varza D, Certain DL. 1991. Post-Hurricane Hugo increases in Atyid shrimp abundance in a Puerto Rican montane stream. Biotropica 23:448-54.
21. Covich AP, McDowell WH. 1996. The stream community. In: Reagan DP, Waide RB, editors. The food web of a tropical rain forest. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p 434-59.
22. Dahm CN, Cummins KW, Valett HM, Coleman RL. 1995. An ecosystem view of the restoration of the Kissimmee River. Restor Ecol 3:225-38.
23. Dale VH. 1991. The debris avalanche at Mount St. Helens: vegetation establishment in the ten years since the eruption. Natl Geogr Res Explor 7:328-41.
24. Dale VH, Mann LK, Olson RJ, Johnson DW, Dearstone KC. 1990. The long-term influence of past land use on the Walker Branch forest. Landscape Ecol 4:211-24.
25. del Moral, R. 1993. Mechanisms of primary succession on volcanoes: a view from Mount St. Helens. In: Miles J, Walton DH, editors. Primary succession on land. London: Blackwell Scientific. p 79-100.
26. Denslow JS. 1980. Patterns of plant species diversity during succession under different disturbance regimes. Oecologia (Berl) 46:18-21.
27. Elfring C. 1989. Yellowstone: fire storm over fire management. BioScience 39:667-72.
28. Fitzsimmons AK. 1996. Sound policy or smoke and mirrors: does ecosystem management make sense? Water Resour Bull 32: 217-27.
29. Foster RB. 1980. Heterogeneity and disturbance in tropical vegetation. In: Soule ME, Wilcox BA, editors. Conservation biology: an evolutionary-ecological perspective. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer. p 75-92.
30. Foster D. 1995. Land-use history and four hundred years of vegetation change in New England. In: Turner BLII, Gómez Sal A, González Bernáldez F, Di Castri F, editors. Global land use change: a perspective from the Columbian encounter. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas; and Paris: SCOPE (Scientific Committee on Problems of Environment). p 253-319.
31. Foster DR, Knight DH, Franklin JF. 1998a. Landscape patterns and legacies resulting from large, infrequent forest disturbances. Ecosystems 1:497-510.
32. Foster DR, Motzkin G, Slater B. 1998b. Land-use history as long-term broad-scale disturbance: regional forest dynamics in central New England. Ecosystems 1:96-119.
33. Foster DR, Zebryk T, Schoonmaker P, Lezberg A. 1992. Post-settlement history of human land-use and vegetation dynamics of Tsuga canadensis (hemlock) woodlot in central New England. J Ecol 80:773-86.
34. Franklin JF, MacMahon JA, Swanson FJ, Sedell JR. 1985. Ecosystem responses to the eruption of Mount St. Helens. Natl Geogr Res 1:198-216.
35. Franklin JF, Swanson FJ, Harmon ME, Perry DA, Spies TA, Dale VH, McKee A, Ferrell WK, Gregory SV, Lattin JD, and others. 1992. Effects of global climatic change on forests in northwestern North America. In: Peters RL, Lovejoy TE, editors. The consequences of the greenhouse effect for biological diversity. New Haven: Yale University Press. p 244-57.
36. Glenn SM, Collins SL. 1992. Effects of scale and disturbance on rates of immigration and extinction of species in prairies. Oikos 63:273-80.
37. Goldstein B. 1992. The struggle over ecosystem management of Yellowstone. BioScience 42:183-7.
38. Grumbine RE. 1994. What is ecosystem management? Conserv Biol 8:27-38.
39. Haeuber R. 1996. Setting the environmental policy agenda: the case of ecosystem management. Nat Resour J 36:1-28.
40. Harmon ME, Bratton SP, White PS. 1983. Disturbance and vegetation response in relation to environmental gradients in the Great Smoky Mountains. Vegetatio 55:129-39.
41. Holling CS, Meffe GK. 1996. Command and control and the pathology of natural resource management. Conserv Biol 10:328-38.
42. Keystone Center. 1996. The Keystone National Policy Dialogue on ecosystem management. (CO): Keystone Center.
43. Knight DH, Wallace LL. 1989. The Yellowstone fires: issues in landscape ecology. BioScience 39:700-6.
44. Krause BA, DeSteven D. 1996. Effects of management and site history on plant succession and seedbank composition in oldfields at the UMW field station. Univ Wise Milw Field Stn Bull 29:1-20.
45. Krummel JR, Gardner RH, Sugihara G, O'Neill RV, Coleman PR. 1987. Landscape patterns in a disturbed environment. Oikos 48:321-4.
46. Leach MK, Givnish TJ. 1996. Ecological determinants of species loss in remnant prairies. Science 273:1555-8.
47. Leslie M, Meffe GK, Hardesty JL, Adams DL. 1996. Conserving biodiversity on military lands: a handbook for natural resource managers. Arlington (VA): Nature Conservancy.
48. Ludwig DB. 1995. A theory of sustainable harvesting. SIAM J Appl Math 55:564-75.
49. Lugo AE, Figueroa J Colon, Scatena FN. The Caribbean. In: Barbour MG, Billings DW, editors. North American terrestrial vegetation. London: Cambridge University Press. Chapter 16. Forthcoming.
50. Lugo AE, Scatena FN. 1996. Background and catastrophic tree mortality in tropical moist, wet, and rain forests. Biotropica 28:585-99.
51. Luken JO. 1990. Directing ecological succession. London: Chapman and Hall.
52. Mack RN. 1981. The invasion of Bromus tectorum L. into western North America. Agroecosystems 7:145-65.
53. MacMahon JA. 1987. Disturbed lands and ecological theory: an essay about a mutualistic association. In: Jordan WR, Gilpin ME, Aber JD, editors. Restoration ecology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 221-37.
54. MacMahon JA. 1997. Ecological restoration. In: Meffe GK, Carroll CR, editors. Principles of conservation biology. 2nd ed. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer. p 479-511.
55. McCune B, Allen TFH. 1985. Will similar forests develop on similar sites? Can J Bot 63:367-76.
56. McDonnell MJ, Stiles EW. 1983. The structural complexity of old field vegetation and the recruitment of bird-dispersed plant species. Oecologia (Berl) 56:109-16.
57. Moritz MA. 1997. Analyzing extreme disturbance events: fire in Los Padres National Forest. Ecol Appl 7:1252-62.
58. Nothnagle PJ, Schultz JC. 1987. What is a forest pest? In: Barbosa P, Schultz JC, editors. Insect outbreaks. New York: Academic. p 59-80.
59. Odum HT. 1970. Rain forest structure and mineral-cycling homeostasis. In: Odum HT, Pigeon RF, editors. A tropical rain forest. Oak Ridge (TN): US Atomic Energy Commission. Chapter H-1.
60. Otsamo A, Ådjers T, Hadi TS, Kuusipalo J, Tuomela K, Vuokko R. 1995. Effect of site preparation and initial fertilization on the establishment and growth of four plantation tree species used in reforestation of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. dominated grasslands. For Ecol Manage 73:271-7.
61. Otsamo R, Ådjers G, Hadi TS, Kuusipal J, Otsamo A. 1996. Early performance of 12 shade tolerant tree species interplanted with Paraserianthes falcataria on Imperata cylindrica grassland. J Trop For Sci 8:381-94.
62. Paine RT, Tegner MJ, Johnson AE. 1998. Compounded perturbations yield ecological surprises. Ecosystems 1:535-45.
63. Peters CS, Mangel M. 1990. New methods for the problem of collective ruin. SIAM J Appl Math 50:1442-56.
64. Peterson CJ, Carson WP, McCarthy BC, Pickett STA. 1990. Microsite variation and soil dynamics within newly created treefall pits and mounds. Oikos 58:39-46.
65. Peterson CJ, Pickett STA. 1990. Microsite and elevational influences on early forest regeneration after catastrophic windthrow. J Veg Sci 1:657-62.
66. Pickett STA, Thompson JN. 1978. Patch dynamics and the design of nature reserves. Biol Conserv 13:27-37.
67. Putz FE. 1997. Florida's forests in the year 2020 and deeper into the Homogocene. J Public Interest Environ Conf 1:91-7.
68. Rogers KH. 1997. Operationalizing ecology under a new paradigm: an African perspective. In: Pickett STA, Ostfeld RS, Shachak M, Likens GE, editors. The ecological basis of conservation: heterogeneity, ecosystems, and biodiversity. New York: Chapman and Hall. p 60-77.
69. Romme WH, Despain DG. 1989. Historical perspective on the Yellowstone fires of 1988. BioScience 39:695-9.
70. Romme WH, Everham EH, Frelich LF, Moritz MA, Sparks RE. 1998. Are large, infrequent disturbances qualitatively different from small, frequent disturbances? Ecosystems 1:524-34.
71. Scatena FN, Moya S, Estrada C, Chinea JD. 1996. The first five years in the reorganization of aboveground biomass and nutrient use following Hurricane Hugo in the Bisley Experimental Watersheds, Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico. Biotropica 28:424-40.
72. Schullery P. 1989. The fires and fire policy. BioScience 39: 686-94.
73. Slocombe DS. 1993. Environmental planning, ecosystem science, and ecosystem approaches for integrating environmental and development. Environ Manage 17:289-303.
74. Solem JC. 1994. Nuclear explosive propelled interceptor for deflecting objects on collision course with Earth. J Spacecraft Rockets 31:707-9.
75. Sparks RE. 1996. Ecosystem effects: positive and negative outcomes. Changnon SA, editor. The great flood of 1993, causes, impacts, and responses. Boulder (CO): Westview. p 132-62.
76. Starfield AM, Chapin FS. 1996. Effects of the Exxon Valdez oil spill on marine bird communities in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Ecol Appl 3:828-41.
77. Swanson FJ, Franklin JF, Sedell JR. 1990. Landscape patterns, disturbance, and management in the Pacific Northwest, USA. In: Changing landscapes: an ecological perspective. New York: Springer-Verlag. p 191-213.
78. Swetnam TW, Lynch AM. 1993. Multicentury, regional-scale patterns of western spruce budworm outbreaks. Ecol Monogr 63:399-424.
79. Tilman D. 1989. Ecological experimentation: strengths and conceptual problems. In: Likens GE, editor. Long-term studies in ecology: approaches and alternatives. New York: Springer-Verlag. p 136-57.
80. Turner MG, Baker WL, Peterson CJ, Peet RK. 1998. Factors influencing succession: lessons from large, infrequent natural disturbances. Ecosystems 1:511-23.
81. Turner MG, Dale VH. 1998. Comparing large, infrequent disturbances: what have we learned? Ecosystems 1:493-96.
82. Turner MG, Dale VH, Everham EE. 1997. Crown fires, hurricanes, and volcanoes: a comparison among large-scale disturbances. BioScience 47:758-68.
83. Turner MG, Hargrove WW, Gardner RH, Romme WH. 1994. Effects of fire on landscape heterogeneity in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. J Veg Sci 5:731-42.
84. US Air Force. 1993. Natural resources management plan: Eglin Air Force Base 1993-1997. Eglin Air Force Base (FL): Department of the Air Force.
85. Walker LR, Brokaw NVL, Lodge DJ, Waide RB. 1991. Ecosystem, plant and animal responses to hurricanes in the Caribbean. Biotropica 23:313-521.
86. Walker LR, Silver WL, Willig MR, Zimmerman JK. 1996. Long-term responses of Caribbean ecosystems to disturbance. Biotropica 28:414-613.
87. Walters C. 1997. Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems. Conserv Ecol 1(2):1.
88. Weatherhead PJ. 1986. How unusual are unusual events? Am Nat 128:150-4.
89. White MA, Mladenoff DJ. 1994. Old-growth forest landscape transitions from pre-European settlement to present. Landscape Ecol 9:191-205.
90. Wiens JA. 1996. Oil, seabirds, and science: the effects of the Exxon Valdez oil spill. BioScience 46:587-97.
91. Willig MR, Moorhead DL, Cox SB, Zak JC. 1996. Functional diversity of soil bacterial communities in the Tabonuco Forest: interaction of anthropogenic and natural disturbance. Biotropica 28:471-83.
92. Wood CA. 1994. Ecosystem management: achieving the new land ethic. Renew Resour J Spring:6-12.
93. Wootton JT, Parker MS, Power ME. 1996. Effects of disturbance on river food webs. Science 273:1558-61.
94. Yaffee SL. 1996. Why environmental policy nightmares recur. Conserv Biol 11:328-37.