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note
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3 channels is currently not clear. Possibilities include chemical interactions between Au and the membrane, physical entrapment in the tortuous channel system which exists on the barrier side of the membrane (the 20 nm diameter side), or simply that the solution containing particles remains in the pores after filtration due to capillary forces. TEM images show that a high density of particles were trapped in the large-diameter regions of the membrane, suggesting that the entire pore was filled with particles. This supports the latter mechanism.
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85033909997
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3 membrane for background subtraction.
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34
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85033930845
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note
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2,3,12 This variation is likely a result of subtle differences in size and shape between colloids prepared in different laboratories and differing states of particle agglomeration. Colloidal Au particles synthesized in our laboratory absorb at 526 nm in aqueous solution. Thus we cannot discount the possibility that Au particle dimers and trimers are present in solution which are then oriented along the pore axis due to shear forces or interactions with pore walls during vacuum entrapment. However, TEM images of an aqueous solution of colloids showed mostly individual particles.
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85033929048
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note
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Polycarbonate membranes were treated with glacial acetic acid for 12 h prior to use to remove the polyvinylpyrolidone wetting agent.
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