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Volumn 59, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 6853-6878

Polymer depletion effects near mesoscopic particles

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ARTICLE;

EID: 0000537809     PISSN: 1063651X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.59.6853     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (155)

References (86)
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    • Colloid Physics, Proceedings of the Workshop on Colloid Physics, University of Konstanz, Germany, 1995 [Physica A 235 (1997)]
    • Colloid Physics, Proceedings of the Workshop on Colloid Physics, University of Konstanz, Germany, 1995 [Physica A 235 (1997)].
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    • Based on ideas in these pioneering papers, an approximate polymer-particle interaction has been introduced for the case in which the polymer size is small compared with the particle size by considering the polymer as a hard sphere (PHS) with a fixed radius of the order of the Flory radius; see, e.g
    • S. AsakuraF. OosawaJ. Polym. Sci. 33, 183 (1958).Based on ideas in these pioneering papers, an approximate polymer-particle interaction has been introduced for the case in which the polymer size is small compared with the particle size by considering the polymer as a hard sphere (PHS) with a fixed radius of the order of the Flory radius; see, e.g.
    • (1958) J. Polym. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 183
    • Asakura, S.1    Oosawa, F.2
  • 14
    • 85037182047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excluded volume effects for dilute or semidilute solutions of free polymers interacting with colloidal particles have been investigated by means of integral equation techniques; see, e.g
    • Excluded volume effects for dilute or semidilute solutions of free polymers interacting with colloidal particles have been investigated by means of integral equation techniques; see, e.g.
  • 18
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    • For computer simulations in the case of a semidilute polymer solution, see (d) R. Dickman and A. Yethiraj, J. Chem. Phys. 100, 4683 (1994).
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    • the main text this reference will be denoted as I
    • E. Eisenriegler, A. Hanke, and S. Dietrich, Phys. Rev. E 54, 1134 (1996).In the main text this reference will be denoted as I.
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    • Eisenriegler, E.1    Hanke, A.2    Dietrich, S.3
  • 25
    • 85037232141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • We use the phrase “excluded volume interaction” exclusively for the repulsive interaction between chain monomers and not for the interaction between a colloidal particle and a chain monomer
    • We use the phrase “excluded volume interaction” exclusively for the repulsive interaction between chain monomers and not for the interaction between a colloidal particle and a chain monomer.
  • 26
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    • J. des Cloizeaux and G. Jannink, Polymers in Solution (Clarendon, Oxford, 1990)
    • J. des Cloizeaux and G. Jannink, Polymers in Solution (Clarendon, Oxford, 1990).
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    • (a) E. Eisenriegler, Polymers near Surfaces (World Scientific, Singapore, 1993);, (b) in Field Theoretical Tools in Polymer and Particle Physics, edited by H. Meyer-Ortmanns and A. Klümper, Lecture Notes in Physics Vol. 508 (Springer, Heidelberg, 1998)
    • (a) E. Eisenriegler, Polymers near Surfaces (World Scientific, Singapore, 1993);(b) in Field Theoretical Tools in Polymer and Particle Physics, edited by H. Meyer-Ortmanns and A. Klümper, Lecture Notes in Physics Vol. 508 (Springer, Heidelberg, 1998).
  • 29
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    • R. Lipowsky, E. Sackmann, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Vol. 1
    • For a review, see, e.g., U. Seifert and R. Lipowsky, in Structure and Dynamics of Membranes, edited by R. Lipowsky and E. Sackmann (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1995), Vol. 1.
    • (1995) Structure and Dynamics of Membranes
    • Seifert, U.1    Lipowsky, R.2
  • 33
    • 85037207099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The superscript (Formula presented) stands for one-body contribution (compare Sec. I C)
    • The superscript (Formula presented) stands for one-body contribution (compare Sec. I C).
  • 34
    • 0001421828 scopus 로고
    • (a) P. G. de Gennes, J. Phys. Chem. 94, 8407 (1990)
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  • 38
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    • (c) B. Duplantier, Physica A 168, 179 (1990).
    • (1990) Physica A , vol.168 , pp. 179
  • 44
    • 85037244508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Throughout this work we treat the actual common solvent of the particles and the polymers as an inactive background medium so that without polymers the dilute particles behave as an ideal gas. In the context of Eq. (1.10) the “solvent” of the particles is formed by the polymers which are separated from the ideal gas phase of the particles, e.g., by a semipermeable membrane
    • Throughout this work we treat the actual common solvent of the particles and the polymers as an inactive background medium so that without polymers the dilute particles behave as an ideal gas. In the context of Eq. (1.10) the “solvent” of the particles is formed by the polymers which are separated from the ideal gas phase of the particles, e.g., by a semipermeable membrane.
  • 45
    • 85037184670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examples for such lengths are the distances from the particle of a fixed end of the chain, of specific points of the local monomer density distribution of the chain, or of another boundary which is impenetrable for the chain
    • Examples for such lengths are the distances from the particle of a fixed end of the chain, of specific points of the local monomer density distribution of the chain, or of another boundary which is impenetrable for the chain.
  • 46
    • 85037188880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Since the particle is impenetrable and acts upon each monomer of the chain with a hard repulsive potential (Formula presented) the Boltzmann weight (Formula presented) equals one for chain configurations (Formula presented) that do not intersect the particle and equals zero otherwise
    • Since the particle is impenetrable and acts upon each monomer of the chain with a hard repulsive potential (Formula presented) the Boltzmann weight (Formula presented) equals one for chain configurations (Formula presented) that do not intersect the particle and equals zero otherwise.
  • 47
    • 0031582602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • but cannot be characterized by the universal amplitude (Formula presented)
    • The interaction of a self-avoiding walk with a cylinder of microscopic radius (needle) in three dimensions also gives rise to the exponent (Formula presented) [compare S. Caracciolo, M. S. Causo, and A. Pelissetto, J. Phys. A 30, 4939 (1997)], but cannot be characterized by the universal amplitude (Formula presented)
    • (1997) J. Phys. A , vol.30 , pp. 4939
    • Caracciolo, S.1    Causo, M.S.2    Pelissetto, A.3
  • 50
    • 0001856561 scopus 로고
    • C. Domb, J. L. Lebowitz, Academic, London
    • K. Binder, in Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena, edited by C. Domb and J. L. Lebowitz (Academic, London, 1983), Vol. 8, p. 1.
    • (1983) Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena , vol.8 , pp. 1
    • Binder, K.1
  • 51
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    • C. Domb, J. L. Lebowitz, Academic, London
    • H. W. Diehl, in Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena, edited by C. Domb and J. L. Lebowitz (Academic, London, 1986), Vol. 10, p. 75
    • (1986) Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena , vol.10 , pp. 75
    • Diehl, H.W.1
  • 53
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    • (a) D. J. Amit, Field Theory, the Renormalization Group, and Critical Phenomena (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1978);, (b) J. Zinn-Justin, Quantum Field Theory and Critical Phenomena (Clarendon, Oxford, 1989)
    • (a) D. J. Amit, Field Theory, the Renormalization Group, and Critical Phenomena (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1978);(b) J. Zinn-Justin, Quantum Field Theory and Critical Phenomena (Clarendon, Oxford, 1989).
  • 54
    • 85037237844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (a) M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical Functions (Dover, New York, 1972);, (b) I. S. Gradshteyn and I. M. Ryzhik, Table of Integrals, Series, and Products (Academic, London, 1965)
    • (a) M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical Functions (Dover, New York, 1972);(b) I. S. Gradshteyn and I. M. Ryzhik, Table of Integrals, Series, and Products (Academic, London, 1965).
  • 55
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    • For the renormalization in the presence of curved surfaces, see K. Symanzik, Nucl. Phys. B 190, 1 (1981).
    • (1981) Nucl. Phys. B , vol.190 , pp. 1
    • Symanzik, K.1
  • 56
    • 85037180026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For a table of inverse Laplace transforms see, e.g., Tables of Integral Transforms, edited by A. Erdélyi (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1954), Vol. I
    • For a table of inverse Laplace transforms see, e.g., Tables of Integral Transforms, edited by A. Erdélyi (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1954), Vol. I.
  • 57
    • 0039657252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A bending of the membrane surface towards the solution also occurs for rigid nonadsorbing particles instead of polymers; see, e.g., R. Lipowsky and H.-G. Döbereiner, Europhys. Lett. 43, 219 (1998).
    • (1998) Europhys. Lett. , vol.43 , pp. 219
    • Lipowsky, R.1    Döbereiner, H.-G.2
  • 58
    • 85037198433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dashed line in Fig. 22 is known rather accurately by means of the (Formula presented) expansion of (Formula presented) in conjunction with the exact value of (Formula presented) 37
    • The dashed line in Fig. 22 is known rather accurately by means of the (Formula presented) expansion of (Formula presented) in conjunction with the exact value of (Formula presented) 37.
  • 59
    • 85037255686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For example, for (Formula presented) and ideal chains the reduced free energy increase (Formula presented) vanishes for (Formula presented) as (Formula presented) 10 involving a logarithm which should be compared with the power-law decay (Formula presented) with (Formula presented) for chains with EV interaction in (Formula presented)
    • For example, for (Formula presented) and ideal chains the reduced free energy increase (Formula presented) vanishes for (Formula presented) as (Formula presented) 10 involving a logarithm which should be compared with the power-law decay (Formula presented) with (Formula presented) for chains with EV interaction in (Formula presented).
  • 60
    • 85037210823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods based on conformal invariance allow one to reduce (Formula presented) for arbitrary D to a half-space amplitude 60 and, for the particular dimension (Formula presented), even to a bulk amplitude 67. The latter can be evaluated by using Bethe ansatz results 68 and the ratio (Formula presented) considered in Eq. (C12)
    • Methods based on conformal invariance allow one to reduce (Formula presented) for arbitrary D to a half-space amplitude 60 and, for the particular dimension (Formula presented), even to a bulk amplitude 67. The latter can be evaluated by using Bethe ansatz results 68 and the ratio (Formula presented) considered in Eq. (C12).
  • 64
    • 26344435360 scopus 로고
    • These authors find that it is necessary to introduce explicit regularization cutoffs which are nonuniversal parameters. However, in a critical (Formula presented) field theory in (Formula presented) such regularization cutoffs are not necessary because in this case the small radius expansion for the field theory applies (see Appendix B), resulting in a universal dependence of the effective interaction on (Formula presented) and R
    • The problem of the effective interaction between a line perturbation and a planar wall in a critical Gaussian field theory has been considered by H. Li and M. Kardar, Phys. Rev. A 46, 6490 (1992). These authors find that it is necessary to introduce explicit regularization cutoffs which are nonuniversal parameters. However, in a critical (Formula presented) field theory in (Formula presented) such regularization cutoffs are not necessary because in this case the small radius expansion for the field theory applies (see Appendix B), resulting in a universal dependence of the effective interaction on (Formula presented) and R.
    • (1992) Phys. Rev. A , vol.46 , pp. 6490
    • Li, H.1    Kardar, M.2
  • 66
    • 85037202885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anisotropy of the dumbbell becomes visible only beyond the leading order
    • The anisotropy of the dumbbell becomes visible only beyond the leading order.
  • 67
    • 85037196393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Here one may replace the sum in Eq. (3.18a) by an integral according to the Euler-MacLaurin formula in Eq. (A2) where the terms proportional to (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) have to be included
    • Here one may replace the sum in Eq. (3.18a) by an integral according to the Euler-MacLaurin formula in Eq. (A2) where the terms proportional to (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) have to be included.
  • 68
    • 85037179313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A detailed discussion of the polymer depletion interaction between a spherical particle and a planar wall is given in A. Bringer, E. Eisenriegler, F. Schlesener, and A. Hanke, Eur. Phys. J. B (to be published)
    • A detailed discussion of the polymer depletion interaction between a spherical particle and a planar wall is given in A. Bringer, E. Eisenriegler, F. Schlesener, and A. Hanke, Eur. Phys. J. B (to be published).
  • 69
    • 85037242362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Derjaguin expression of the free energy of interaction between two large spheres with the same radius R follows from the corresponding free energy between a sphere and a planar wall in Eq. (14) in Ref. 57 by replacing the prefactor R with (Formula presented). The reason is a corresponding replacement in the local distance (Formula presented) in Ref. 57
    • The Derjaguin expression of the free energy of interaction between two large spheres with the same radius R follows from the corresponding free energy between a sphere and a planar wall in Eq. (14) in Ref. 57 by replacing the prefactor R with (Formula presented). The reason is a corresponding replacement in the local distance (Formula presented) in Ref. 57.
  • 70
    • 85037234005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For (Formula presented) our crude estimate is off by only 20%. The reason for the larger deviation in the case of (Formula presented) could be that (Formula presented) is still too small for a comparison with the universal asymptotics
    • For (Formula presented) our crude estimate is off by only 20%. The reason for the larger deviation in the case of (Formula presented) could be that (Formula presented) is still too small for a comparison with the universal asymptotics.
  • 71
    • 85037183476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A discussion of the validity of the PHS model in the case of the solvation free energy for a single particle is given in I
    • A discussion of the validity of the PHS model in the case of the solvation free energy for a single particle is given in I.
  • 72
    • 85037177459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effective radius (Formula presented) of the polymer “spheres” may be adjusted to (Formula presented) by comparing the free energy change on immersing a single large sphere in the unbounded solution. This leads to (Formula presented) [compare Eq. (3.10) in I]
    • The effective radius (Formula presented) of the polymer “spheres” may be adjusted to (Formula presented) by comparing the free energy change on immersing a single large sphere in the unbounded solution. This leads to (Formula presented) [compare Eq. (3.10) in I].
  • 75
    • 0001909227 scopus 로고
    • C. Domb, J. L. Lebowitz, Academic, London
    • J. L. Cardy, in Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena, edited by C. Domb and J. L. Lebowitz (Academic, London, 1986), Vol. 11, p. 55.
    • (1986) Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena , vol.11 , pp. 55
    • Cardy, J.L.1
  • 78
    • 85037232754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The function (Formula presented) has the property that the integral in Eq. (A7) is dominated by contributions from the (Formula presented) interval (Formula presented) with (Formula presented). Alternatively, we observe that the integrand in Eq. (A7) approaches its limit for (Formula presented) uniformly with respect to (Formula presented) (compare section 6.2 in Ref. 61
    • The function (Formula presented) has the property that the integral in Eq. (A7) is dominated by contributions from the (Formula presented) interval (Formula presented) with (Formula presented). Alternatively, we observe that the integrand in Eq. (A7) approaches its limit for (Formula presented) uniformly with respect to (Formula presented) (compare section 6.2 in Ref. 61).
  • 80
    • 85037220999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compare Eq. (4.8) in I where (Formula presented) is denoted by (Formula presented) and where the bare “chain length” (Formula presented) is denoted by L. See also the argument in Ref. 19(b) according to which (Formula presented) can be read off by rewriting the right-hand side of Eq. (B1) for large (Formula presented) as (Formula presented) where (Formula presented) follows from (Formula presented) in Eq. (B2) upon replacing (Formula presented) by (Formula presented) as defined in Eq. (C7)
    • Compare Eq. (4.8) in I where (Formula presented) is denoted by (Formula presented) and where the bare “chain length” (Formula presented) is denoted by L. See also the argument in Ref. 19(b) according to which (Formula presented) can be read off by rewriting the right-hand side of Eq. (B1) for large (Formula presented) as (Formula presented) where (Formula presented) follows from (Formula presented) in Eq. (B2) upon replacing (Formula presented) by (Formula presented) as defined in Eq. (C7).
  • 81
    • 85037214372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The square of the large square bracket in the expression (B21) is one of the factors which arises in the product (Formula presented) [see Eq. (2.7c)]. By calculating the right-hand side of Eq. (B16), the remaining factor and the integration over (Formula presented) (which replaces the integration over (Formula presented) of Fourier transformed quantities) lead to an integral over (Formula presented) identical to the one in Eq. (B9). This gives rise to the factor (Formula presented) in Eq. (B19)
    • The square of the large square bracket in the expression (B21) is one of the factors which arises in the product (Formula presented) [see Eq. (2.7c)]. By calculating the right-hand side of Eq. (B16), the remaining factor and the integration over (Formula presented) (which replaces the integration over (Formula presented) of Fourier transformed quantities) lead to an integral over (Formula presented) identical to the one in Eq. (B9). This gives rise to the factor (Formula presented) in Eq. (B19).


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