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A particular interesting variation of the principle of electrostatic reaction control is the use of highly electron-withdrawing groups, such as fluorinated residues, in asymmetric ligand design. For a recent example of a high asymmetric induction based on the ability of the trifluoromethyl group to interact with a chiral Ni-(II) complex of glycine, see: Soloshonok, V. A.; Avilov, D. V.; Kukhar, V. P. Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 12433.
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85034152325
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SPARTAN is a product of Wavefunction, Inc., Irvine, CA
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SPARTAN is a product of Wavefunction, Inc., Irvine, CA.
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114
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85034149912
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note
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A referee suggested that an anomeric stabilization of a half-boat reactant with the OR substituent in a pseudoaxial orientation would lead to a preference for pseudoaxial attack to form the product in a boat conformation. While the preference for such a conformation under Curtin-Hammett kinetics cannot be excluded, there is no indication from ground state X-ray analysis and calculations that a half-boat is thermodynamically preferred for 4,4-disubstituted dienones. In addition, it would have to be postulated that the introduction of the pentafluoroethyl substituent leads to a ring flip and places the OR group into the pseudoequatorial position.
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85034155747
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As pointed out by a referee, the nonzero intercept could also be due to changes in the relative volume of the dienones plotted in Figure 12. Depending on the size of the molecule, the effect of the calculated molecular dipole moment onto the reaction center is likely to vary.
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