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Volumn 21, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 473-483

Displacement of H3CB(C6F5)3- anions from zirconocene methyl cations by neutral ligand molecules: Equilibria, kinetics, and mechanisms

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY (DFT); LIGANDS;

EID: 0000410376     PISSN: 02767333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/om010671l     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (78)

References (106)
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    • A slight excess of borane was used to avoid the formation of dinuclear species
    • (a) A slight excess of borane was used to avoid the formation of dinuclear species.
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    • -] by ca. 0.2. This is in line with the experimentally observed increased tendency of outer-sphere complexes to form ion quadruples or higher aggregates (see refs 9b, 29). Since these effects are small compared to the experimental error and are not distinguishable from ionic strength effects, no quantitative analysis was performed.
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    • -.
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    • Complexes 1a-7a and especially their base adducts tend to form aggregated species at elevated zirconocene concentrations (see ref 29). To avoid this in our kinetic experiments, zirconocene concentrations were limited to ca. 1-4 mmol/L at room temperature. Cooling was found to enhance the formation of the more aggregated forms, and at concentrations low enough to avoid this problem it was not possible to integrate NMR spectra with reasonable accuracy.
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    • DMA adducts 1b-3b undergo CH activation of N-methyl groups within a period of 0.5-2 h at room temperature to yield a mixture of two products, probably either with the anion or the nitrogen donor coordinated to the metal. Similar CH activations have been reported by Jordan and co-workers for other Lewis bases (see ref 18 g). To avoid these side reactions, 2D NMR spectra were recorded at 0 °C. At this temperature, a mixing time of 500 μs was necessary to observe the anion displacement.
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    • note
    • When the Zr-O distance is fixed to 2.6 Å, Lewis base attack from the methyl side or the anion side leads to structures that are 40 and 20 kJ/mol, respectively, higher in energy than the corresponding five-coordinated complex with the Lewis base in the middle position.
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    • note
    • One fluorine atom of the anion is found at a distance of 3.5 Å from the metal center; this is presumably responsible for the relatively large Me-Zr-O angle of 108°, compared to other tetrahedral oxygen-coordinated cations and to the anion-free complex 9d.
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    • note
    • 2 ligand (see ref 15b). As reported in these cases as well as in previous calculations on cationic alkyl zirconocene complexes (see refs 8a,b,d), the olefin is found to be unsymmetrically bound.
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    • - anion to the metal center is followed by dissociation of the olefin ligand or by its insertion into the zirconiummethyl bond; finally fluoride is abstracted from the anion.
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    • note
    • 3 fragment pointing to the outside of the complex, i.e., with the ortho-fluorine in the lateral or the para-fluorine in the central coordination site, is more stable by 1-2 kJ/mol (see Supporting Information).
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    • note
    • - anion in the contact ion pair 8a via the methyl group is more stable by 31 kJ/mol than coordination via two of the fluorine atoms (see Supporting Information).
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    • note
    • - follows a similar trend with regard to steric interactions in the series 1a-7a for DBE as well as for ethene and propene (see Supporting Information).
  • 100
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    • Unpublished results
    • -3 mol/L, i.e., lower by several orders of magnitude than that of propene (Schaper, F.; Kirsten, R.; Brintzinger, H. H. Unpublished results).
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