Essentialist beliefs about social categories

British Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 39, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 113-127

  Haslam, Nick ^a,c   Rothschild, Louis ^a   Ernst, Donald ^b  

^a NEW SCHOOL FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH   (United States)

^b HILLSDALE COLLEGE   (United States)

^c Clinical Psychology Program   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 9444249994     PISSN: 01446665     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1348/014466600164363     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Abramson, L. Y., Seligman, M. E. P., & Teasdale, J. (1978). Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, 49-74.
2. Atran, S. (1990). Cognitive foundations of natural history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press and Maison des Sciences de l'Homme.
3. Boyer, P. (1993a). Pseudo-natural kinds. In P. Boyer (Ed.), Cognitive aspects of religious symbolism (pp. 121-141). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4. Boyer, P. (1993b). The naturalness of religious ideas: Outline of a cognitive theory of religion. Los Angeles/Berkeley: University of California Press.
5. Campbell, D. T. (1958). Common fate, similarity, and other indices of the status of aggregates of persons as social entities. Behavioural Science, 3, 14-25.
6. Dupré, J. (1981). Natural kinds and biological taxa. Philosophical Review, 90, 66-90.
7. Fiske, S. T. (1998). Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (4th ed., pp. 357-411). New York: McGraw-Hill.
8. Fuss, D. (1989). Essentially speaking: Feminism, nature and difference. New York: Routledge.
9. Gelman, S. A., & Wellman, H. M. (1991). Insides and essences: Early understandings of the non-obvious. Cognition, 38, 213-244.
10. Grosz, E. (1990). A note on essentialism and difference. In S. Gunew (Ed.), Feminist knowledge as critique and construct. London: Routledge.
11. Hamilton, D. L., & Sherman, S. J. (1996). Perceiving individuals and groups. Psychological Review, 103, 336-355.
12. Hewstone, M. (1990). The 'ultimate attribution error'? A review of the literature on intergroup causal attribution. European Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 311-335.
13. Hirschfeld, L. A. (1996). Race in the making: Cognition, culture, and the child's construction of human kinds. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
14. Hirschfeld, L. A., & Gelman, S. A. (Eds.) (1994). Mapping the mind: Domain specificity in cognition. New York: Cambridge University Press.
15. Hull, D. L. (1965). The effect of essentialism on taxonomy: Two thousand years of stasis, I. The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 15, 314-326.
16. Kagan, J. (1989). Unstable ideas: Temperament, cognition, and the self. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
17. Keil, F. C. (1989). Concepts, kinds, and cognitive development. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
18. Kornblith, H. (1993). Inductive inference and its natural ground: An essay in naturalistic epistemology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
19. Kripke, S. (1980). Naming and necessity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
20. 2O. Cognitive Psychology, 27, 41-70.
21. Martin, C. L., & Parker, S. (1995). Folk theories about sex and race differences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 45-57.
22. McConnell, A. R., Sherman, S. J., & Hamilton, D. L. (1997). Target entitativity: Implications for information processing about individual and group targets. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 750-762.
23. McGarty, C., Haslam, S. A., Hutchinson, K. J., & Grace, D. M. (1995). Determinants of perceived consistency: The relationship between group entitativity and the meaningfulness of categories. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 237-256.
24. Medin, D. L., & Ortony, A. (1989). Psychological essentialism. In S. Vosniadou & A. Ortony (Eds.), Similarity and analogical reasoning (pp. 179-195). New York: Cambridge University Press.
25. Murphy, G. L., & Medin, D. L. (1985). The role of theories in conceptual coherence. Psychological Review, 92, 289-316.
26. Quine, W. O. (1977). Natural kinds. In S. P. Schwartz (Ed.), Naming, necessity, and natural kinds (pp. 155-175). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
27. Rosch, E. (1973). Natural categories. Cognitive Psychology, 4, 328-350.
28. Rothbart, M., & Taylor, M. (1992). Category labels and social reality: Do we view social categories as natural kinds? In G. R. Semin & K. Fiedler (Eds.), Language and social cognition (pp. 11-36). London: Sage.
29. Stein, E. (Ed.) (1990). Forms of desire: Sexual orientation and the social constructionist controversy. New York: Garland.
30. Weiner, B., Perry, R., & Magnusson, J. (1988). An attributional analysis of reactions to stigmas. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 738-748.
31. Yzerbyt, V., Rocher, S., & Schadron, G. (1997). Stereotypes as explanations: A subjective essentialistic view of group perception. In R. Spears, P. J. Oakes, N. Ellemers, & S. A. Haslam (Eds.), The social psychology of stereotyping and group life (pp. 20-50). Cambridge: Blackwell.
32. Yzerbyt, V., Rogier, A., & Fiske, S. T. (1998). Group entitativity and social attribution: On translating situational constraints into stereotypes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1089-1103.