메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-206

Sick to Death and Not Going to Take It Anymore!: REFORMING HEALTH CARE FOR THE LAST YEARS OF LIFE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85205515298     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (57)

References (308)
  • 1
    • 85205456796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 42 CFR Part 418. Text from Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, online service. Bethesda, MD: Congressional Information Service. Available online at, Accessed February
    • 42 CFR Part 418. Text from Code of Federal Regulations. Available from Congressional Universe online service. Bethesda, MD: Congressional Information Service. Available online at www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_00/42cfr418_00.html. Accessed February 2001.
    • (2001) Congressional Universe
  • 2
    • 0002525086 scopus 로고
    • Family care of the frail elderly
    • Abel EK, Nelson MK, eds, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press
    • Abel EK. 1990. Family care of the frail elderly. In Abel EK, Nelson MK, eds., Circles of care: work and identity in women’s lives, 65-91. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
    • (1990) Circles of care: Work and identity in women’s lives , pp. 65-91
    • Abel, E.K.1
  • 3
    • 33645676131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • Administration on Aging. 2003. Family caregiving. Available online at www .aoa.gov. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2003) Family caregiving
  • 4
    • 1042286117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 2003. National healthcare quality report. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available online at www.qualitytools.ahrq.gov/qualityreport. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2003) National healthcare quality report
  • 5
    • 2542461153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lifetime distribution of health care costs
    • Alemayehu B, Warner KE. 2004. The lifetime distribution of health care costs. Health Serv Res. 39:627-642.
    • (2004) Health Serv Res , vol.39 , pp. 627-642
    • Alemayehu, B.1    Warner, K.E.2
  • 6
    • 0242701473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Alzheimer’s Association. 2001. Frequently asked questions about Alzheimer’s disease. Available online at www.alz.org/ResourceCenter/FactSheets/FSAlzheimerStats.pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2001) Frequently asked questions about Alzheimer’s disease
  • 7
    • 0030935266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring quality of care at the end of life: A statement of principles
    • Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • American Geriatrics Society. 1997. Measuring quality of care at the end of life: a statement of principles. J Am Geriatr Soc. 45:526-527. Available online at www.americangeriatrics.org/products/positionpapers/quality.shtml. Accessed February 2004.
    • (1997) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.45 , pp. 526-527
  • 8
    • 85205456656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at
    • American Hospital Association. 2001. TrendWatch. Available online at www .aha.org.
    • (2001) TrendWatch
  • 9
    • 85205517157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • American Hospital Association. 2002. Circle of Life awards. Available online at www.hospitalconnect .com/aha/awards-events/circle_of_life/index.html. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2002) Circle of Life awards
  • 10
    • 13344250491 scopus 로고
    • Quality improvement guidelines for the treatment of acute pain and cancer
    • American Pain Society. 1995. Quality improvement guidelines for the treatment of acute pain and cancer. JAMA. 274:1874-1880.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 1874-1880
  • 11
    • 85205501850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study shows Oregon’s Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) document prevents unwanted interventions
    • January. Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • Americans for Better Care of the Dying. 1999. Study shows Oregon’s Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) document prevents unwanted interventions. ABCD Exchange. January. Available online at www .abcd-caring.org/newsletter.htm. Accessed November 2003.
    • (1999) ABCD Exchange
  • 12
    • 85205448732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving care for veterans with heart and lung disease: Awardwinning East Orange VAMC team solves problems in care systems
    • May-June. Available online at, Accessed December 2002
    • Americans for Better Care of the Dying. 2001. Improving care for veterans with heart and lung disease: awardwinning East Orange VAMC team solves problems in care systems. ABCD Exchange. May-June. Available online at www.abcd-caring.org/newsletter .htm. Accessed December 2002.
    • (2001) ABCD Exchange
  • 13
    • 0038139786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baltimore, MD: Partnership for Solutions, Johns Hopkins University. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Anderson G, Horvath J, Anderson C. 2002. Chronic conditions: making the case for ongoing care. Baltimore, MD: Partnership for Solutions, Johns Hopkins University. Available online at www.partnershipforsolutions.org/DMS/files/chronicbook2002.pdf. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2002) Chronic conditions: Making the case for ongoing care
    • Anderson, G.1    Horvath, J.2    Anderson, C.3
  • 14
    • 0008776659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economic value of informal caregiving
    • Arno PS, Levine C, Memmott MM. 1999. The economic value of informal caregiving. Health Affairs. 18:182-188.
    • (1999) Health Affairs , vol.18 , pp. 182-188
    • Arno, P.S.1    Levine, C.2    Memmott, M.M.3
  • 15
    • 0242591134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation and Administration on Aging. 1998. Informal caregiving: compassion in action. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. Available online at http://aspe.hhs.gov/search/daltcp/reports/Carebro2.pdf. Accessed February 2004.
    • (1998) Informal caregiving: Compassion in action
  • 17
    • 0033874886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Families’ perception of the added value of hospice in the nursing home
    • Baer WM, Hanson LC. 2000. Families’ perception of the added value of hospice in the nursing home. J Am Geriatr Soc. 48:879-882.
    • (2000) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.48 , pp. 879-882
    • Baer, W.M.1    Hanson, L.C.2
  • 18
    • 1542405861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in inpatient treatment intensity among Medicare beneficiaries at the end of life
    • Barnato AE, Kagay CR, McClellan MB, Garber AM. 2004. Trends in inpatient treatment intensity among Medicare beneficiaries at the end of life. Health Serv Res. 39(2):359-372.
    • (2004) Health Serv Res , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 359-372
    • Barnato, A.E.1    Kagay, C.R.2    McClellan, M.B.3    Garber, A.M.4
  • 19
    • 0032997953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The new healthcare consumer
    • Bartlett DF. 1999. The new healthcare consumer. J Health Care Fin. 25:44-51.
    • (1999) J Health Care Fin , vol.25 , pp. 44-51
    • Bartlett, D.F.1
  • 20
    • 1542752831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting the barriers to chronic care management in Medicare
    • W3-37-W3-53. Web exclusive. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Berenson RA, Horvath J. 2003. Confronting the barriers to chronic care management in Medicare. Health Affairs. W3-37-W3-53. Web exclusive. Available online at http://content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/full/hlthaff.w3 .37v1/DC1. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2003) Health Affairs
    • Berenson, R.A.1    Horvath, J.2
  • 21
    • 0032540743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of pain in elderly with cancer: SAGE study group systematic assessment of geriatric drug use via epidemiology
    • Bernabei R, Gambassi G, Lapane K, Landi F, Gatsonis C, Dunlop R, Lipsitz L, Steel K, Mor V. 1998. Management of pain in elderly with cancer: SAGE study group systematic assessment of geriatric drug use via epidemiology. JAMA. 279:1877-1882.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 1877-1882
    • Bernabei, R.1    Gambassi, G.2    Lapane, K.3    Landi, F.4    Gatsonis, C.5    Dunlop, R.6    Lipsitz, L.7    Steel, K.8    Mor, V.9
  • 22
    • 0030588675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality comes home
    • Berwick, DM. 1996. Quality comes home. Ann Intern Med. 125:839-843.
    • (1996) Ann Intern Med , vol.125 , pp. 839-843
    • Berwick, D.M.1
  • 25
    • 85205496106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving care for veterans with heart and lung disease: Awardwinning East Orange VAMC team solves problems in care systems
    • May-June. Available online at, Accessed December 2002
    • Biegel DE, Sales E, Schulz R. 2001. Improving care for veterans with heart and lung disease: awardwinning East Orange VAMC team solves problems in care systems. ABCD Exchange. May-June. Available online at www.abcd-caring.org/newsletter .htm. Accessed December 2002.
    • (2001) ABCD Exchange
    • Biegel, D.E.1    Sales, E.2    Schulz, R.3
  • 26
    • 0038139786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baltimore, MD: Partnership for Solutions, Johns Hopkins University. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Anderson G, Horvath J, Anderson C. 2002. Chronic conditions: making the case for ongoing care. Baltimore, MD: Partnership for Solutions, Johns Hopkins University. Available online at www.partnershipforsolutions.org/DMS/files/chronicbook2002.pdf. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2002) Chronic conditions: Making the case for ongoing care
    • Anderson, G.1    Horvath, J.2    Anderson, C.3
  • 27
    • 0008776659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economic value of informal caregiving
    • Arno PS, Levine C, Memmott MM. 1999. The economic value of informal caregiving. Health Affairs. 18:182-188.
    • (1999) Health Affairs , vol.18 , pp. 182-188
    • Arno, P.S.1    Levine, C.2    Memmott, M.M.3
  • 28
    • 0242591134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation and Administration on Aging. 1998. Informal caregiving: compassion in action. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. Available online at http://aspe.hhs.gov/search/daltcp/reports/Carebro2.pdf. Accessed February 2004.
    • (1998) Informal caregiving: Compassion in action
  • 30
    • 0033874886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Families’ perception of the added value of hospice in the nursing home
    • Baer WM, Hanson LC. 2000. Families’ perception of the added value of hospice in the nursing home. J Am Geriatr Soc. 48:879-882.
    • (2000) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.48 , pp. 879-882
    • Baer, W.M.1    Hanson, L.C.2
  • 31
    • 1542405861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in inpatient treatment intensity among Medicare beneficiaries at the end of life
    • Barnato AE, Kagay CR, McClellan MB, Garber AM. 2004. Trends in inpatient treatment intensity among Medicare beneficiaries at the end of life. Health Serv Res. 39(2):359-372.
    • (2004) Health Serv Res , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 359-372
    • Barnato, A.E.1    Kagay, C.R.2    McClellan, M.B.3    Garber, A.M.4
  • 32
    • 0032997953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The new healthcare consumer
    • Bartlett DF. 1999. The new healthcare consumer. J Health Care Fin. 25:44-51.
    • (1999) J Health Care Fin , vol.25 , pp. 44-51
    • Bartlett, D.F.1
  • 33
    • 1542752831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting the barriers to chronic care management in Medicare
    • W3-37-W3-53. Web exclusive. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Berenson RA, Horvath J. 2003. Confronting the barriers to chronic care management in Medicare. Health Affairs. W3-37-W3-53. Web exclusive. Available online at http://content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/full/hlthaff.w3 .37v1/DC1. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2003) Health Affairs
    • Berenson, R.A.1    Horvath, J.2
  • 34
    • 0032540743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of pain in elderly with cancer: SAGE study group systematic assessment of geriatric drug use via epidemiology
    • Bernabei R, Gambassi G, Lapane K, Landi F, Gatsonis C, Dunlop R, Lipsitz L, Steel K, Mor V. 1998. Management of pain in elderly with cancer: SAGE study group systematic assessment of geriatric drug use via epidemiology. JAMA. 279:1877-1882.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 1877-1882
    • Bernabei, R.1    Gambassi, G.2    Lapane, K.3    Landi, F.4    Gatsonis, C.5    Dunlop, R.6    Lipsitz, L.7    Steel, K.8    Mor, V.9
  • 35
    • 0030588675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality comes home
    • Berwick, DM. 1996. Quality comes home. Ann Intern Med. 125:839-843.
    • (1996) Ann Intern Med , vol.125 , pp. 839-843
    • Berwick, D.M.1
  • 38
    • 0030930645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palliative care in undergraduate medical education: Status report and future directions
    • Billings JA, Block S. 1997. Palliative care in undergraduate medical education: status report and future directions. JAMA. 278:733-738.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , pp. 733-738
    • Billings, J.A.1    Block, S.2
  • 39
    • 0036804916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age and gender differences in health care utilization and spending for Medicare beneficiaries in their last years of life
    • Bird CE, Shugarman LR, Lynn J. 2002. Age and gender differences in health care utilization and spending for Medicare beneficiaries in their last years of life. J Palliat Med. 5:705-712.
    • (2002) J Palliat Med , vol.5 , pp. 705-712
    • Bird, C.E.1    Shugarman, L.R.2    Lynn, J.3
  • 40
    • 0037145818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient self-management of chronic disease in primary care
    • Bodenheimer T, Lorig K, Holman H, Grumbach K. 2002. Patient self-management of chronic disease in primary care. JAMA. 288:2469-2475.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 2469-2475
    • Bodenheimer, T.1    Lorig, K.2    Holman, H.3    Grumbach, K.4
  • 41
    • 0037120868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness
    • Bodenheimer T, Wagner EH, Grumbach K. 2002a. Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness. JAMA. 288:1775-1779.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 1775-1779
    • Bodenheimer, T.1    Wagner, E.H.2    Grumbach, K.3
  • 42
    • 0037120868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness: The chronic care model, part 2
    • Bodenheimer T, Wagner EH, Grumbach K. 2002b. Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness: the chronic care model, part 2. JAMA. 288:1909-1914.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 1909-1914
    • Bodenheimer, T.1    Wagner, E.H.2    Grumbach, K.3
  • 43
    • 84940379453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raising the standard of care for imminently dying patients using quality improvement: An interview with Marilyn Bookbinder
    • Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Bookbinder M. 2001. Raising the standard of care for imminently dying patients using quality improvement: an interview with Marilyn Bookbinder. Innovations in End-of-Life Care. 3(4). Available online at www2.edc.org/lastacts/archives/archivesJuly01/bbfeatureinn.asp. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2001) Innovations in End-of-Life Care , vol.3 , Issue.4
    • Bookbinder, M.1
  • 44
    • 0034699883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managed care of chronically ill older people: The U.S. experience
    • Boult C, Kane RL, Brown R. 2000. Managed care of chronically ill older people: the U.S. experience. BMJ. 321:1011-1014.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 1011-1014
    • Boult, C.1    Kane, R.L.2    Brown, R.3
  • 45
    • 0033875211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of case management on the costs of health care for enrollees in Medicare+Choice plans: A randomized trial
    • Boult C, Rassen J, Rassen A, Moore R, Robinson S. 2000. The effects of case management on the costs of health care for enrollees in Medicare+Choice plans: a randomized trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 48:996-1001.
    • (2000) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.48 , pp. 996-1001
    • Boult, C.1    Rassen, J.2    Rassen, A.3    Moore, R.4    Robinson, S.5
  • 47
    • 0031609399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demography and epidemiology of dying in the U.S., with emphasis on deaths of older persons
    • Brock DB, Foley DJ. 1998. Demography and epidemiology of dying in the U.S., with emphasis on deaths of older persons. Hospice J. 13:49-60.
    • (1998) Hospice J , vol.13 , pp. 49-60
    • Brock, D.B.1    Foley, D.J.2
  • 48
    • 1542750256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of a home-based palliative care program for end-of-life
    • Brumley RD, Enguidanos S, Cherin DA. 2003. Effectiveness of a home-based palliative care program for end-of-life. J Palliat Med. 6:715-724.
    • (2003) J Palliat Med , vol.6 , pp. 715-724
    • Brumley, R.D.1    Enguidanos, S.2    Cherin, D.A.3
  • 51
    • 0033623816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Completing the continuum of cancer care: Integrating lifeprolongation and palliation
    • Byock I. 2000. Completing the continuum of cancer care: integrating lifeprolongation and palliation. Ca Cancer J Clin. 50(2):123-132.
    • (2000) Ca Cancer J Clin , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-132
    • Byock, I.1
  • 52
    • 0029155511 scopus 로고
    • Frustrated mastery: The cultural context of death in America
    • Callahan D. 1995. Frustrated mastery: the cultural context of death in America. West J Med. 163:226-230.
    • (1995) West J Med , vol.163 , pp. 226-230
    • Callahan, D.1
  • 54
    • 0039891900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Police perspectives on workforce issues and care of older people
    • Callahan J. 2001. Police perspectives on workforce issues and care of older people. Generations. 25(1):12-16.
    • (2001) Generations , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 12-16
    • Callahan, J.1
  • 56
    • 0031021287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience with an end-of-life practice at a university hospital
    • Campbell ML, Frank RR. 1997. Experience with an end-of-life practice at a university hospital. Crit Care Med. 25:197-202.
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 197-202
    • Campbell, M.L.1    Frank, R.R.2
  • 57
    • 0032910348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • End-of-life care in medical textbooks
    • Carron AT, Lynn J, Keaney P. 1999. End-of-life care in medical textbooks. Ann Intern Med. 130:82-86.
    • (1999) Ann Intern Med , vol.130 , pp. 82-86
    • Carron, A.T.1    Lynn, J.2    Keaney, P.3
  • 58
    • 85047696429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advocacy and activism: Missing pieces in the quest to improve end-of-life care
    • Casarett DJ, Karlawish JHT, Byock I. 2002. Advocacy and activism: missing pieces in the quest to improve end-of-life care. J Palliat Med. 5:3-12.
    • (2002) J Palliat Med , vol.5 , pp. 3-12
    • Casarett, D.J.1    Karlawish, J.H.T.2    Byock, I.3
  • 59
    • 0034600270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining when quality improvement initiatives should be considered research: Proposed criteria and potential implications
    • Casarett D, Karlawish JHT, Sugarman J. 2000. Determining when quality improvement initiatives should be considered research: proposed criteria and potential implications. JAMA. 283:2275-2280.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 2275-2280
    • Casarett, D.1    Karlawish, J.H.T.2    Sugarman, J.3
  • 61
    • 85205461316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PACE success to date. Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Catholic Health Association. 2003. PACE success to date. Available online at www.chausa.org/longterm/ltpace.asp. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2003)
  • 62
    • 85205518795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services. 2002. Combined trustees report. Available online at http://cms.hhs.gov/publications/trusteesreport/2002. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2002) Combined trustees report
  • 63
    • 0000710874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achievements in public health, 1900-1999: Changes in the public health system
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 1999. Achievements in public health, 1900-1999: changes in the public health system. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 48:1141-1147.
    • (1999) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , vol.48 , pp. 1141-1147
  • 64
    • 85205487216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2002a. About CDC: CDC’s mission. Available online at www.cdc.gov/aboutcdc.htm. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2002) About CDC: CDC’s mission
  • 65
    • 0009720286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2002b. The burden of chronic diseases and their risk factors. Available online at www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/burdenbook2002/index.htm. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2002) The burden of chronic diseases and their risk factors
  • 66
    • 85205465680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Center to Advance Palliative Care (CAPC). 2000a. The case for hospital-based palliative care. Available online at www.capc.org/Files/tmp_133221135.pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) The case for hospital-based palliative care
  • 68
    • 85205473468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAQs online. Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • Center to Advance Palliative Care (CAPC). 2003. FAQs online. Available online at www.capc.org/site_root/FAQs#faq_119115305.html. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2003)
  • 69
    • 0004059911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Final report to the Health Care Financing Administration. Contract no. 500-95-0084(04), Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research, Inc
    • Chen A, Brown R, Archibald N, Aliotta S, Fox P. 2000. Best practices in coordinated care. Final report to the Health Care Financing Administration. Contract no. 500-95-0084(04). Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.
    • (2000) Best practices in coordinated care
    • Chen, A.1    Brown, R.2    Archibald, N.3    Aliotta, S.4    Fox, P.5
  • 74
    • 0041691175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid improvement in pain management: The Veterans Health Administration and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement Collaborative
    • Cleeland CS, Reyes-Gibby CC, Schall M, Nolan K, Paice J, Rosenberg JM, Tollett JH, Kerns RD. 2003. Rapid improvement in pain management: the Veterans Health Administration and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement Collaborative. Clin J Pain. 19:298-305.
    • (2003) Clin J Pain , vol.19 , pp. 298-305
    • Cleeland, C.S.1    Reyes-Gibby, C.C.2    Schall, M.3    Nolan, K.4    Paice, J.5    Rosenberg, J.M.6    Tollett, J.H.7    Kerns, R.D.8
  • 75
    • 0032801165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic care clinics: A randomized controlled trial of a new model of primary care for frail older adults
    • Coleman EA, Grothaus LC, Sandhu N, Wagner EH. 1999. Chronic care clinics: a randomized controlled trial of a new model of primary care for frail older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 47:775-783.
    • (1999) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.47 , pp. 775-783
    • Coleman, E.A.1    Grothaus, L.C.2    Sandhu, N.3    Wagner, E.H.4
  • 78
    • 0032795553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies for containing drug costs: Implications for a Medicare benefit
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Cook A. 1999. Strategies for containing drug costs: implications for a Medicare benefit. Health Care Financ Rev. 20(3):9. Available online at http://cms.hhs .gov/review/99Spring/cook.pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (1999) Health Care Financ Rev , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 9
    • Cook, A.1
  • 80
    • 0027965133 scopus 로고
    • Serum albumin and physical disability as predictors of mortality in older persons
    • Corti MC, Guralnik JM, Salive ME, Sorkin JD. 1994. Serum albumin and physical disability as predictors of mortality in older persons. JAMA. 272: 1036-1042.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.272 , pp. 1036-1042
    • Corti, M.C.1    Guralnik, J.M.2    Salive, M.E.3    Sorkin, J.D.4
  • 82
    • 0031184648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interdisciplinary collaboration in hospital palliative care: Chimera or goal?
    • Coyle N. 1997. Interdisciplinary collaboration in hospital palliative care: chimera or goal? Palliat Med. 11:265-266.
    • (1997) Palliat Med , vol.11 , pp. 265-266
    • Coyle, N.1
  • 83
    • 0031003485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further evidence on recent trends in the prevalence and incidence of disability among older Americans from two sources: The LSOA and the NHIS
    • Crimmins EM, Saito Y, Reynolds SL. 1997. Further evidence on recent trends in the prevalence and incidence of disability among older Americans from two sources: the LSOA and the NHIS. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 52:S59-71.
    • (1997) J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci , vol.52 , pp. S59-S71
    • Crimmins, E.M.1    Saito, Y.2    Reynolds, S.L.3
  • 84
    • 85205478533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congressional Budget Office testimony before the Special Committee on Aging, U.S. Senate. September 19. Washington, DC: Congressional Budget Office. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Crippen DL. 2002. Disease management in Medicare: data analysis and benefit design issues. Congressional Budget Office testimony before the Special Committee on Aging, U.S. Senate. September 19. Washington, DC: Congressional Budget Office. Available online at www.cbo.gov/showdoc .cfm?index=3776&sequence=0. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2002) Disease management in Medicare: Data analysis and benefit design issues
    • Crippen, D.L.1
  • 85
    • 0004003166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wennberg JE, Cooper M, eds. Chicago: American Hospital Association Press. Available online at, Accessed November 2002
    • Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care. 1998. Dartmouth atlas of health care in the United States. Wennberg JE, Cooper M, eds. Chicago: American Hospital Association Press. Available online at www.dartmouthatlas.org/atlaslinks/98atlas.php. Accessed November 2002.
    • (1998) Dartmouth atlas of health care in the United States
  • 86
    • 0004003168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wennberg JE, ed. Chicago: American Hospital Association Press. Available online at, Accessed February, 2004
    • Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care. 1999. The quality of medical care in the United States: a report on the medical program. Wennberg JE, ed. Chicago: American Hospital Association Press. Available online at www.dartmouthatlas.org/tables/99table7.php. Accessed February 2004
    • (1999) The quality of medical care in the United States: A report on the medical program
  • 87
    • 0034716607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in managing chronic disease
    • Davis RM, Wagner EH, Groves T. 2000. Advances in managing chronic disease. BMJ. 320:525-526.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.320 , pp. 525-526
    • Davis, R.M.1    Wagner, E.H.2    Groves, T.3
  • 89
    • 0030005334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation on television: Miracles and misinformation
    • Diem SJ, Lantos JD, Tulsky JA. 1996. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation on television: miracles and misinformation. N Engl J Med. 13:1578-1582.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.13 , pp. 1578-1582
    • Diem, S.J.1    Lantos, J.D.2    Tulsky, J.A.3
  • 91
    • 0034866874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The quality improvement-research divide and the need for external oversight
    • Dubler NN, Bellin E. 2001. The quality improvement-research divide and the need for external oversight. Am J Public Health. 91:1512-1517.
    • (2001) Am J Public Health , vol.91 , pp. 1512-1517
    • Dubler, N.N.1    Bellin, E.2
  • 92
    • 0029952009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method to communicate patient preferences about medically indicated lifesustaining treatment in the out-of-hospital setting
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Dunn PM, Schmidt TA, Carley MM, Donius M, Weinstein MA, Dull VT. 1996. A method to communicate patient preferences about medically indicated lifesustaining treatment in the out-of-hospital setting. J Am Geriatr Soc. 44:785-791. Available online at www.ohsu.edu/ethics/polstabstracts.htm. Accessed July 2003.
    • (1996) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.44 , pp. 785-791
    • Dunn, P.M.1    Schmidt, T.A.2    Carley, M.M.3    Donius, M.4    Weinstein, M.A.5    Dull, V.T.6
  • 94
    • 85205488480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Education for Physicians on End-of-Life Care (EPEC) Project. 2000. Available online at www.EPEC.net. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000)
  • 98
    • 85205521508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National health care expenditures, 1995
    • 4th ed. Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Employee Benefit Research Institute. 1997. National health care expenditures, 1995. In EBRI databook on employee benefits. 4th ed. Available online at www.ebri.org/facts/0397fact.htm. Accessed July 2003.
    • (1997) EBRI databook on employee benefits
  • 100
    • 84860062392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed July 2003
    • End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC). 2000. About ELNEC. Available online at www.aacn.nche.edu/elnec/. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) About ELNEC.
  • 101
    • 85205510474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • End of Life/Palliative Education Resource Center (EPERC). 2001. Available online at www.eperc.mcw.edu/about/start.cfm. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2001)
  • 103
  • 104
    • 4344694866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Labor market issues in home care
    • Fox DM, Raphael C, eds, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers
    • Feldman PH. 1997. Labor market issues in home care. In Fox DM, Raphael C, eds., Home-based care for a new century, 155-184. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
    • (1997) Home-based care for a new century , pp. 155-184
    • Feldman, P.H.1
  • 105
    • 0000663568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The family
    • Doyle D, Hanks GWC, MacDonald N, eds, 2nd ed. London: Oxford University Press
    • Ferrell B. 1998. The family. In Doyle D, Hanks GWC, MacDonald N, eds., The Oxford textbook of palliative medicine, 909-918. 2nd ed. London: Oxford University Press.
    • (1998) The Oxford textbook of palliative medicine , pp. 909-918
    • Ferrell, B.1
  • 106
    • 0034152901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of palliative care content in nursing textbooks
    • Ferrell B, Virani R, Grant M, Juarez G. 2000. Analysis of palliative care content in nursing textbooks. J Pall Care. 16:39-47.
    • (2000) J Pall Care , vol.16 , pp. 39-47
    • Ferrell, B.1    Virani, R.2    Grant, M.3    Juarez, G.4
  • 107
    • 0037452530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The implications of regional variations in Medicare spending. Part 1: The content, quality, and accessibility of care
    • Fisher ES, Wennberg DE, Stukel TA, Gottlieb DJ, Lucas FL, Pinder EL. 2003a. The implications of regional variations in Medicare spending. Part 1: the content, quality, and accessibility of care. Ann Intern Med. 138:273-287.
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.138 , pp. 273-287
    • Fisher, E.S.1    Wennberg, D.E.2    Stukel, T.A.3    Gottlieb, D.J.4    Lucas, F.L.5    Pinder, E.L.6
  • 108
    • 0037452507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The implications of regional variations in Medicare spending. Part 2: Health outcomes and satisfaction with care
    • Fisher ES, Wennberg DE, Stukel TA, Gottlieb DJ, Lucas FL, Pinder EL. 2003b. The implications of regional variations in Medicare spending. Part 2: health outcomes and satisfaction with care. Ann Intern Med. 138: 288-298.
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.138 , pp. 288-298
    • Fisher, E.S.1    Wennberg, D.E.2    Stukel, T.A.3    Gottlieb, D.J.4    Lucas, F.L.5    Pinder, E.L.6
  • 110
    • 0033520741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of prognostic criteria for determining hospice eligibility in patients with advanced lung, heart, or liver disease. SUPPORT investigators
    • Fox E, Landrum-McNiff K, Zhong Z, Dawson NV, Wu AW, Lynn J. 1999. Evaluation of prognostic criteria for determining hospice eligibility in patients with advanced lung, heart, or liver disease. SUPPORT investigators. JAMA. 282:1638-1645.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 1638-1645
    • Fox, E.1    Landrum-McNiff, K.2    Zhong, Z.3    Dawson, N.V.4    Wu, A.W.5    Lynn, J.6
  • 111
    • 0035123320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregate changes in severe cognitive impairment among older Americans: 1993 and 1998
    • Freedman VA, Aykan H, Martin LG. 2001. Aggregate changes in severe cognitive impairment among older Americans: 1993 and 1998. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 56:S100-111.
    • (2001) J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci , vol.56 , pp. S100-S111
    • Freedman, V.A.1    Aykan, H.2    Martin, L.G.3
  • 112
    • 0031687161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding trends in functional limitations among older Americans
    • Freedman VA, Martin LG. 1998. Understanding trends in functional limitations among older Americans. Am J Public Health. 88:1457-1462.
    • (1998) Am J Public Health , vol.88 , pp. 1457-1462
    • Freedman, V.A.1    Martin, L.G.2
  • 113
    • 0037176238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent trends in disability and functioning among older adults in the United States: A systematic review
    • Freedman VA, Martin LG, Schoeni RF. 2002. Recent trends in disability and functioning among older adults in the United States: a systematic review. JAMA. 288:3137-3146.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 3137-3146
    • Freedman, V.A.1    Martin, L.G.2    Schoeni, R.F.3
  • 114
    • 0031012270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disability in older adults: Evidence regarding significance, etiology, and risk
    • Fried LP, Guralnik M. 1997. Disability in older adults: evidence regarding significance, etiology, and risk. J Am Geriatr Soc. 45:92-100.
    • (1997) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.45 , pp. 92-100
    • Fried, L.P.1    Guralnik, M.2
  • 117
    • 0027272806 scopus 로고
    • Family caregivers as case managers: A statewide model for enhancing consumer choice
    • Friss L. 1993. Family caregivers as case managers: a statewide model for enhancing consumer choice. J Case Mgmt. 2:53-58.
    • (1993) J Case Mgmt , vol.2 , pp. 53-58
    • Friss, L.1
  • 119
  • 120
    • 0035118854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pinning down frailty
    • Gillick MR. 2001. Pinning down frailty. J Gerontol. 56A:M134-135.
    • (2001) J Gerontol , vol.56A , pp. M134-M135
    • Gillick, M.R.1
  • 121
    • 2442421106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicare coverage for technological innovations-time for new criteria?
    • Gillick MR. 2004. Medicare coverage for technological innovations-time for new criteria? N Engl J Med. 350:2199-2203.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.350 , pp. 2199-2203
    • Gillick, M.R.1
  • 122
    • 0042736727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • At law: The judicial dismantling of the Americans with Disabilities Act
    • March-April
    • Gostin LO. 2003. At law: the judicial dismantling of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Hastings Center Report. March-April. 33(2):9-12.
    • (2003) Hastings Center Report , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 9-12
    • Gostin, L.O.1
  • 123
    • 0033625034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
    • Greene HL. 2000. The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Clin Card. 23:315-326.
    • (2000) Clin Card , vol.23 , pp. 315-326
    • Greene, H.L.1
  • 124
    • 0020805081 scopus 로고
    • Where do elderly patients prefer to die?
    • Groth-Juncker A, McCusker J. 1983. Where do elderly patients prefer to die? J Am Geriatr Soc. 31:457-461.
    • (1983) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.31 , pp. 457-461
    • Groth-Juncker, A.1    McCusker, J.2
  • 126
    • 0035668483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What does it take to help adults successfully plan for future medical decisions?
    • Hammes BJ. 2001. What does it take to help adults successfully plan for future medical decisions? J Palliat Med. 4:453-456.
    • (2001) J Palliat Med , vol.4 , pp. 453-456
    • Hammes, B.J.1
  • 127
    • 0032559588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Death and end of life planning in one midwestern community
    • Hammes BJ, Rooney BL. 1998. Death and end of life planning in one midwestern community. Arch Intern Med. 158:383-390.
    • (1998) Arch Intern Med , vol.158 , pp. 383-390
    • Hammes, B.J.1    Rooney, B.L.2
  • 128
  • 129
    • 85082599605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • Health Resources and Services Administration. 2003. Projected supply, demand, and shortages of registered nurses: 2000-2020. Available online at http://hrsa.gov/healthworkforce/rnproject/default.htm. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2003) Projected supply, demand, and shortages of registered nurses: 2000-2020
  • 130
    • 0026499989 scopus 로고
    • Future caregivers: Projected family structures of older persons
    • Himes CL. 1992. Future caregivers: projected family structures of older persons. J Geron Soc Sci. 47:S17-26.
    • (1992) J Geron Soc Sci , vol.47 , pp. S17-S26
    • Himes, C.L.1
  • 131
    • 0029981327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical employment in the United States, 1968-1993: The importance of health sector jobs for African Americans and women
    • Himmelstein DU, Lewontin JP, Woolhandler S. 1996. Medical employment in the United States, 1968-1993: the importance of health sector jobs for African Americans and women. Am J Public Health. 86:525-528.
    • (1996) Am J Public Health , vol.86 , pp. 525-528
    • Himmelstein, D.U.1    Lewontin, J.P.2    Woolhandler, S.3
  • 135
    • 0036933838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical expenditures during the last year of life: Findings from the 1992-1996 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey
    • Hoover DR, Crystal S, Kumar R, Sambamoorthi U, Cantor JC. 2002. Medical expenditures during the last year of life: findings from the 1992-1996 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey. Health Serv Res. 37(6):1625-1642.
    • (2002) Health Serv Res , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 1625-1642
    • Hoover, D.R.1    Crystal, S.2    Kumar, R.3    Sambamoorthi, U.4    Cantor, J.C.5
  • 137
    • 85205484933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AHA’s Circle of Life award: An overview of nine programs honored
    • May-June. Education Development Center, Inc. Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • Innovations in End-of-Life Care. 2000. AHA’s Circle of Life award: an overview of nine programs honored. May-June. Education Development Center, Inc. Available online at www2.edc.org/lastacts/archives/archivesMay00/circle.asp. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2000) Innovations in End-of-Life Care
  • 139
    • 85205489338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • University of California, San Francisco
    • Princeton, NJ: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
    • Institute for Health and Aging. 1996. University of California, San Francisco. Chronic care in America: a twenty-first century challenge. Princeton, NJ: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
    • (1996) Chronic care in America: A twenty-first century challenge
  • 141
    • 0003528344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on Care at the End of Life, Institute of Medicine. Field MJ, Cassel CK, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press
    • Institute of Medicine (IOM). 1997. Approaching death: improving care at the end of life. Committee on Care at the End of Life, Institute of Medicine. Field MJ, Cassel CK, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
    • (1997) Approaching death: Improving care at the end of life
  • 142
    • 0004111613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on Serious and Complex Medical Conditions, Institute of Medicine. Chrvala CA, Sharfstein S, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press
    • Institute of Medicine (IOM). 1999a. Definition of serious and complex medical conditions. Committee on Serious and Complex Medical Conditions, Institute of Medicine. Chrvala CA, Sharfstein S, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
    • (1999) Definition of serious and complex medical conditions
  • 143
    • 0003413171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, Institute of Medicine. Kohn L, Corrigan J, Donaldson MS, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press
    • Institute of Medicine (IOM). 1999b. To err is human: building a safer health care system. Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, Institute of Medicine. Kohn L, Corrigan J, Donaldson MS, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
    • (1999) To err is human: Building a safer health care system
  • 144
    • 85205496676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, Institute of Medicine, ed. Washington, DC: National Academies Press
    • Institute of Medicine (IOM). 2001. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the twenty-first century. Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, Institute of Medicine, ed. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
    • (2001) Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the twenty-first century
  • 145
    • 0003963862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on Rapid Advance Demonstration Projects: Health Care Finance and Delivery Systems, Institute of Medicine. Corrigan J, Greiner A, Erickson S, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press
    • Institute of Medicine (IOM). 2002. Fostering rapid advances in health care: learning from system demonstrations. Committee on Rapid Advance Demonstration Projects: Health Care Finance and Delivery Systems, Institute of Medicine. Corrigan J, Greiner A, Erickson S, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
    • (2002) Fostering rapid advances in health care: Learning from system demonstrations
  • 146
    • 0038635107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on Identifying Priority Areas for Quality Improvement, Institute of Medicine. Adams K, Corrigan J, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press
    • Institute of Medicine (IOM). 2003. Priority areas for national action: transforming health care quality. Committee on Identifying Priority Areas for Quality Improvement, Institute of Medicine. Adams K, Corrigan J, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
    • (2003) Priority areas for national action: Transforming health care quality
  • 148
    • 23044525430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the debates over health care financing: Evidence from the bankruptcy courts
    • Jacoby MB, Sullivan TA, Warren E. 2001. Rethinking the debates over health care financing: evidence from the bankruptcy courts. New York University Law Rev. 76:375-418.
    • (2001) New York University Law Rev , vol.76 , pp. 375-418
    • Jacoby, M.B.1    Sullivan, T.A.2    Warren, E.3
  • 149
    • 5644244339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO). 2001. Pain assessment and management standards for 2001. Available online at www.jcrinc.com/subscribers/printview.asp?durki=3243. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2001) Pain assessment and management standards for 2001
  • 150
    • 1042271465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging issues in chronic care. In Binstock RH, George LK, eds
    • 5th ed. San Diego: Academic Press
    • Kane RL, Kane RA. 2001. Emerging issues in chronic care. In Binstock RH, George LK, eds., Handbook of aging and the social sciences, 406-419. 5th ed. San Diego: Academic Press.
    • (2001) Handbook of aging and the social sciences , pp. 406-419
    • Kane, R.L.1    Kane, R.A.2
  • 152
    • 0003522817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation research report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Kaye S, LaPlante MP, Carlson D, Wenger BL. 1996. Trends in disability rates in the United States, 1970-1994. National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation research report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available online at http://dsc.ucsf.edu/UCSF/pub. Accessed February 2004.
    • (1996) Trends in disability rates in the United States, 1970-1994
    • Kaye, S.1    LaPlante, M.P.2    Carlson, D.3    Wenger, B.L.4
  • 154
    • 0032441590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baby boomers likely to go out with a bang
    • Kennedy, M. 1998. Baby boomers likely to go out with a bang. Wisc Med J. 97(11):24-27.
    • (1998) Wisc Med J , vol.97 , Issue.11 , pp. 24-27
    • Kennedy, M.1
  • 156
    • 0003854746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Census Bureau series, P95/01-1. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office
    • Kinsella K, Velkoff V. 2001. An aging world: 2001. U.S. Census Bureau series P95/01-1. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
    • (2001) An aging world: 2001
    • Kinsella, K.1    Velkoff, V.2
  • 158
    • 84926465979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Informal carers of dependants with advanced disease
    • Addington-Hall JM, Higginson I, eds, London: Oxford University Press
    • Koffman J, Snow P. 2001. Informal carers of dependants with advanced disease. In Addington-Hall JM, Higginson I, eds., Palliative care for non-cancer patients. London: Oxford University Press.
    • (2001) Palliative care for non-cancer patients
    • Koffman, J.1    Snow, P.2
  • 159
    • 0004323061 scopus 로고
    • New York: Simon and Schuster. Reprint, 1997
    • Kübler-Ross E. 1969. On death and dying. New York: Simon and Schuster. Reprint, 1997.
    • (1969) On death and dying
    • Kübler-Ross, E.1
  • 161
    • 85205475105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • News release. Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • Last Acts. 2000. Champion for improving end-of-life care. News release. Available online at www.lastacts.org/statsite/3657La%5Fmrc%5Fnewsrelease.html. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2000) Champion for improving end-of-life care
  • 164
    • 0033586830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The loneliness of the long-term care giver
    • Levine C. 1999. The loneliness of the long-term care giver. N Engl J Med. 340:1587-1590.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 1587-1590
    • Levine, C.1
  • 165
    • 1642344087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Hospital Fund special report. New York: United Hospital Fund of New York, Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Levine C. 2003. Making room for family caregivers: seven innovative hospital programs. United Hospital Fund special report. New York: United Hospital Fund of New York. Available online at www.uhfnyc.org/pubs-stories3220/pubs-stories_show.htm?doc_id=156825. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2003) Making room for family caregivers: Seven innovative hospital programs
    • Levine, C.1
  • 167
    • 0034716337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of the last year of life of older adults: 1986 vs 1993
    • Liao Y, McGee DL, Cao G, Cooper PR. 2000. Quality of the last year of life of older adults: 1986 vs 1993. JAMA. 283:512-518.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 512-518
    • Liao, Y.1    McGee, D.L.2    Cao, G.3    Cooper, P.R.4
  • 168
    • 0037663731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oversight of quality improvement: Focusing on benefits and risks
    • Lo B, Groman M. 2003. Oversight of quality improvement: focusing on benefits and risks. Arch Intern Med. 163:1481-1486.
    • (2003) Arch Intern Med , vol.163 , pp. 1481-1486
    • Lo, B.1    Groman, M.2
  • 169
    • 0033522432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discussing palliative care with patients. American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine (ACP-ASIM) End-of-Life Care Consensus Panel
    • Lo B, Quill T, Tulsky J. 1999. Discussing palliative care with patients. American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine (ACP-ASIM) End-of-Life Care Consensus Panel. Ann Intern Med. 130:744-749.
    • (1999) Ann Intern Med , vol.130 , pp. 744-749
    • Lo, B.1    Quill, T.2    Tulsky, J.3
  • 170
    • 0032605188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence suggesting that a chronic disease self-management program can improve health status while reducing hospitalization: A randomized trial
    • Lorig KR, Sobel DS, Stewart AL, Brown BW Jr, Bandura A, Ritter P, Gonzalez VM, Laurent DD, Holman HR. 1999. Evidence suggesting that a chronic disease self-management program can improve health status while reducing hospitalization: a randomized trial. Med Care. 37:5-14.
    • (1999) Med Care , vol.37 , pp. 5-14
    • Lorig, K.R.1    Sobel, D.S.2    Stewart, A.L.3    Brown, B.W.4    Bandura, A.5    Ritter, P.6    Gonzalez, V.M.7    Laurent, D.D.8    Holman, H.R.9
  • 171
    • 0030603348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hearing voices: How should doctors respond to their calling?
    • Loxtercamp D. 1996. Hearing voices: how should doctors respond to their calling? N Engl J Med. 335:1991-1993.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 1991-1993
    • Loxtercamp, D.1
  • 172
    • 0042763546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health, life expectancy, and health care spending among the elderly
    • Lubitz J, Cai L, Kramarow E, Lentzner H. 2003. Health, life expectancy, and health care spending among the elderly. N Engl J Med. 349:1048-1055.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 1048-1055
    • Lubitz, J.1    Cai, L.2    Kramarow, E.3    Lentzner, H.4
  • 173
    • 0027479570 scopus 로고
    • Trends in Medicare payments in the last year of life
    • Lubitz J, Riley G. 1993. Trends in Medicare payments in the last year of life. N Engl J Med. 328:1092-1096.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , pp. 1092-1096
    • Lubitz, J.1    Riley, G.2
  • 174
    • 0034092438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resources for caregivers of terminally ill cancer patients
    • Lunney JR. 2000. Resources for caregivers of terminally ill cancer patients. Cancer Pract. 8:99-100.
    • (2000) Cancer Pract , vol.8 , pp. 99-100
    • Lunney, J.R.1
  • 176
    • 0036087772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profiles of older Medicare decedents
    • Lunney JR, Lynn J, Hogan C. 2002. Profiles of older Medicare decedents. J Am Geriatr Soc. 50:1108-1112.
    • (2002) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.50 , pp. 1108-1112
    • Lunney, J.R.1    Lynn, J.2    Hogan, C.3
  • 177
    • 85205474924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Veterans Health Administration’s addition of pain as a fifth vital sign may have far-reaching effects
    • February 1
    • Lynch Schuster J. 1999. Veterans Health Administration’s addition of pain as a fifth vital sign may have far-reaching effects. Washington Post. February 1.
    • (1999) Washington Post
    • Lynch Schuster, J.1
  • 178
    • 85205510154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Senators recommend ways to secure financial future of family caregivers
    • Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Lynch Schuster J. 2002. Senators recommend ways to secure financial future of family caregivers. ABCD Exchange. 11(22). Available online at www.abcd-caring .org/newsletter.htm. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2002) ABCD Exchange , vol.11 , Issue.22
    • Lynch Schuster, J.1
  • 179
    • 0034721347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of life at the end of life
    • Lynn J. 2000. Quality of life at the end of life. JAMA. 284:1513-1515.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 1513-1515
    • Lynn, J.1
  • 180
    • 0035925227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serving patients who may die soon and their families
    • Lynn J. 2001. Serving patients who may die soon and their families. JAMA. 285:925-932.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , pp. 925-932
    • Lynn, J.1
  • 181
    • 1242351705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When does quality improvement count as research? Human subject protection and theories of knowledge
    • Lynn J. 2004. When does quality improvement count as research? Human subject protection and theories of knowledge. Quality Safety and Healthcare. 13:67-70.
    • (2004) Quality Safety and Healthcare , vol.13 , pp. 67-70
    • Lynn, J.1
  • 184
    • 0033889663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • After aging [editorial]
    • Lynn J, Cretin S. 2000. After aging [editorial]. J Am Geriatr Soc. 48: 1017-1018.
    • (2000) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.48 , pp. 1017-1018
    • Lynn, J.1    Cretin, S.2
  • 185
    • 0037672880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advance care planning for fatal chronic illness: Tolerating mistakes as the standard of practice
    • Lynn J, Goldstein N. 2003. Advance care planning for fatal chronic illness: tolerating mistakes as the standard of practice. Ann Intern Med. 138:812-818.
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.138 , pp. 812-818
    • Lynn, J.1    Goldstein, N.2
  • 187
    • 0031044647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognoses of seriously ill hospitalized patients on the days before death: Implications for patient care and public policy
    • Lynn J, Harrell F, Cohn F, Wagner D, Connors AF. 1997. Prognoses of seriously ill hospitalized patients on the days before death: implications for patient care and public policy. New Horiz. 5:56-61.
    • (1997) New Horiz , vol.5 , pp. 56-61
    • Lynn, J.1    Harrell, F.2    Cohn, F.3    Wagner, D.4    Connors, A.F.5
  • 189
    • 0031083448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A good death: Improving care inch-by-inch
    • Lynn J, Harrold JK, Ayers E. 1997. A good death: improving care inch-by-inch. Bioethics Forum. 13:38-40.
    • (1997) Bioethics Forum , vol.13 , pp. 38-40
    • Lynn, J.1    Harrold, J.K.2    Ayers, E.3
  • 190
    • 0037118666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reforming care for persons near the end of life: The promise of quality improvement
    • Lynn J, Nolan K, Kabcenell A, Weissman D, Milne C, Berwick DM. 2002. Reforming care for persons near the end of life: the promise of quality improvement. Ann Intern Med. 137:117-122.
    • (2002) Ann Intern Med , vol.137 , pp. 117-122
    • Lynn, J.1    Nolan, K.2    Kabcenell, A.3    Weissman, D.4    Milne, C.5    Berwick, D.M.6
  • 191
    • 0032852672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MediCaring: Development and test marketing of a supportive care benefit for older people
    • Lynn J, O’Connor MA, Dulac JD, Roach MJ, Ross C, Wasson J. 1999. MediCaring: development and test marketing of a supportive care benefit for older people. J Am Geriatr Soc. 47:1058-1064.
    • (1999) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.47 , pp. 1058-1064
    • Lynn, J.1    O’Connor, M.A.2    Dulac, J.D.3    Roach, M.J.4    Ross, C.5    Wasson, J.6
  • 192
  • 194
    • 0035513636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financing of care for fatal chronic disease: Opportunities for Medicare reform
    • Lynn J, Wilkinson A, Etheredge L. 2001. Financing of care for fatal chronic disease: opportunities for Medicare reform. West J Med. 175:299-302.
    • (2001) West J Med , vol.175 , pp. 299-302
    • Lynn, J.1    Wilkinson, A.2    Etheredge, L.3
  • 195
    • 85205507231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • Macmillan Cancer Relief. 2004. Gold Standards Framework. Available online at www.macmillan.org.uk/healthprofessionals/disppage.asp?id=2062. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2004) Gold Standards Framework
  • 196
    • 0041078905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential of technology to ease the care provider’s burden
    • Mann WC. 2001. The potential of technology to ease the care provider’s burden. Generations. 25(1):44-48.
    • (2001) Generations , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 44-48
    • Mann, W.C.1
  • 197
    • 0027287441 scopus 로고
    • Estimates of change in chronic disability and institutional incidence and prevalence rates in the U.S. elderly population from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Survey
    • Manton KG, Corder LS, Stallard E. 1993. Estimates of change in chronic disability and institutional incidence and prevalence rates in the U.S. elderly population from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Survey. J Gerontol Soc Sci. 48:S153-166.
    • (1993) J Gerontol Soc Sci , vol.48 , pp. S153-S166
    • Manton, K.G.1    Corder, L.S.2    Stallard, E.3
  • 198
    • 0030909364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic disability trends in elderly United States populations: 1982-1994
    • Manton KG, Corder LS, Stallard E. 1997. Chronic disability trends in elderly United States populations: 1982-1994. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 94:2593-2598.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.94 , pp. 2593-2598
    • Manton, K.G.1    Corder, L.S.2    Stallard, E.3
  • 199
    • 0035933153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the prevalence of chronic disability in the United States black and nonblack population above age 65 from 1982-1999
    • Manton KG, Gu X. 2001. Changes in the prevalence of chronic disability in the United States black and nonblack population above age 65 from 1982-1999. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 98:6354-6359.
    • (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.98 , pp. 6354-6359
    • Manton, K.G.1    Gu, X.2
  • 202
    • 0034061161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dying with cancer: Patients’ function, symptoms, and care preferences as death approaches
    • McCarthy EP, Phillips RS, Zhong Z, Drews RE, Lynn J. 2000. Dying with cancer: patients’ function, symptoms, and care preferences as death approaches. J Am Geriatr Soc. 48:S110-121.
    • (2000) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.48 , pp. S110-S121
    • McCarthy, E.P.1    Phillips, R.S.2    Zhong, Z.3    Drews, R.E.4    Lynn, J.5
  • 203
    • 0035121676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancing caregiver outcomes in palliative care
    • McCorkle R, Pasacreta JV. 2001. Enhancing caregiver outcomes in palliative care. Cancer Control. 8:36-45.
    • (2001) Cancer Control , vol.8 , pp. 36-45
    • McCorkle, R.1    Pasacreta, J.V.2
  • 205
    • 85205506216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • December 8
    • Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act. 2003. Public Law 108-173. 108th Cong. December 8.
    • (2003) Public Law 108-173. 108th Cong
  • 206
    • 0034182064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caring for the frail elderly: An international review
    • Merlis M. 2000. Caring for the frail elderly: an international review. Health Affairs. 19:141-149.
    • (2000) Health Affairs , vol.19 , pp. 141-149
    • Merlis, M.1
  • 210
    • 0004133044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Milbank Memorial Fund and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 2000. Pioneer programs in palliative care: nine case studies. Available online at www. milbank.org/reports/pppc/0011pppc.html. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) Pioneer programs in palliative care: Nine case studies
  • 211
    • 0022240773 scopus 로고
    • Cost savings in hospice: Final results of the National Hospice Study
    • Mor V, Kidder D. 1985. Cost savings in hospice: final results of the National Hospice Study. Health Serv Res. 20(4):407-422.
    • (1985) Health Serv Res , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 407-422
    • Mor, V.1    Kidder, D.2
  • 212
    • 0022590103 scopus 로고
    • The effect of treatment setting and patient characteristics on pain in terminal cancer patients: A report from the National Hospice Study
    • Morris JN, Mor V, Goldberg RJ, Sherwood S, Greer DS, Hiris J. 1986. The effect of treatment setting and patient characteristics on pain in terminal cancer patients: a report from the National Hospice Study. J Chron Dis. 39:27-35.
    • (1986) J Chron Dis , vol.39 , pp. 27-35
    • Morris, J.N.1    Mor, V.2    Goldberg, R.J.3    Sherwood, S.4    Greer, D.S.5    Hiris, J.6
  • 214
    • 85205471004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Vital Statistics Reports, Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Murphy, S. 2000. Deaths: final data for 1998. National Vital Statistics Reports. 48(11). Available online at www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr48/nvs48_11 .pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) Deaths: Final data for 1998 , vol.48 , Issue.11
    • Murphy, S.1
  • 215
    • 26844450088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The center for patient safety at the end of life: Seeking reliability and safety in the care of individuals nearing the end of life with serious illness
    • Myers S, Lynn J. 2002. The center for patient safety at the end of life: seeking reliability and safety in the care of individuals nearing the end of life with serious illness. Topics Health Info Man. 23(2):13-21.
    • (2002) Topics Health Info Man , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 13-21
    • Myers, S.1    Lynn, J.2
  • 216
    • 85205521876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Administration on Aging. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office
    • National Aging Information Center. 1996. Aging into the twenty-first century. U.S. Administration on Aging. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
    • (1996) Aging into the twenty-first century
  • 217
    • 0004340238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • National Alliance for Caregiving and the American Association of Retired Persons. 1997. Family caregiving in the U.S.: findings from a national survey.Available online at www.caregiving.org/finalreport.pdf. Accessed November 2003.
    • (1997) Family caregiving in the U.S.: Findings from a national survey
  • 218
    • 4344583717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • National Association of State Budget Officers. 2003. Medicaid and other state healthcare issues: current trends. Available online at www.nasbo.org/Publications/Medicaid/medicaidfeature2003.pdf. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2003) Medicaid and other state healthcare issues: Current trends
  • 219
    • 0003862160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley K, Gelband H, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press
    • National Cancer Policy Board. 2001. Improving palliative care for cancer. Foley K, Gelband H, eds. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
    • (2001) Improving palliative care for cancer
  • 220
    • 84860061429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • National Center for Health Statistics. 2001. Fast stats A to Z: deaths/mortality. Available online at www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/deaths.htm. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2001) Fast stats A to Z: Deaths/mortality
  • 221
    • 0003326192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Table 12, estimated life expectancy at birth in years, by race and sex: Death-registration states, 1900-1928, and United States, 1929-2000
    • December 19. Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • National Center for Health Statistics. 2002. Table 12, estimated life expectancy at birth in years, by race and sex: death-registration states, 1900-1928, and United States, 1929-2000. National Vital Statistics Reports. 51(3):33-34. December 19. Available online at www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/dvs/nvsr51_03t12.pdf. Accessed November2003.
    • (2002) National Vital Statistics Reports , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 33-34
  • 222
    • 0005080008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A.C.T. October. Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • National Coalition for Health Care and Institute for Healthcare Improvement. 2000. Promises to keep: changing the way we provide care at the end of life. A.C.T. October. Available online at www.nchc.org/materials/studies/EOL101200.pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) Promises to keep: Changing the way we provide care at the end of life
  • 223
    • 33750274393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A.C.T. May. Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • National Coalition for Health Care and Institute for Healthcare Improvement. 2002. Curing the system: stories of change in chronic illness care. A.C.T. May. Available online at www.nchc.org/materials/studies/ACT3final .pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2002) Curing the system: Stories of change in chronic illness care
  • 227
    • 84908936789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • National Family Caregivers Association. 2000b. Random sample survey of 1000 adults. Available online at www.nfcacares.org/NFC2002.stats.html. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2000) Random sample survey of 1000 adults
  • 229
    • 1642328251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization. 2003b. NHPCO facts and figures. Available online at www.nhpco .org/files/public/Facts_Figures_Jan_03.pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2003) NHPCO facts and figures
  • 233
    • 85205482359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • National PACE Association. 2000. PACE profile: Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly. Available online at www.natlpaceassn.org/content/press/profile_2001.asp. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) PACE profile: Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly
  • 235
    • 85205513972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • National PACE Association. 2003. What is PACE? Services. Available online at www.natlpaceassn .org/content/press/what_pace.asp. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2003) What is PACE? Services
  • 237
    • 0013034099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The backbone of the long-term-care workforce
    • Noelker L. 2001. The backbone of the long-term-care workforce. Generations. 25(1):85-91.
    • (2001) Generations , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-91
    • Noelker, L.1
  • 239
    • 84860059463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Oregon Health Sciences University. 2002. The Oregon report card: improving care of the dying. Available online at www.ohsu.edu/ethics/barriers2.pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2002) The Oregon report card: Improving care of the dying
  • 240
    • 1542610656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comprehensive discharge planning with postdischarge support for older patients with congestive heart failure: A meta-analysis
    • Phillips CO, Wright SM, Kern DE, Singa RM, Shepperd S, Rubin HR. 2004. Comprehensive discharge planning with postdischarge support for older patients with congestive heart failure: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 291:1358-1367.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 1358-1367
    • Phillips, C.O.1    Wright, S.M.2    Kern, D.E.3    Singa, R.M.4    Shepperd, S.5    Rubin, H.R.6
  • 244
    • 85205497931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Promoting Excellence in End-of-Life Care. 2002. Balm of Gilead Center at the Cooper Green Hospital. Available online at www.promotingexcellence.org/navigate/challenging_settings.html. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2002) Balm of Gilead Center at the Cooper Green Hospital
  • 246
    • 85205501361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • QualityHealthCare.org. 2003. Improving patient flow: the Esther project in Sweden. Available online at www.qualityhealthcare.org/QHC/Topics/Flow/PatientFlow/ImprovementStories/ImprovingPatientFlowTheEsther ProjectinSweden.htm. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2003) Improving patient flow: The Esther project in Sweden
  • 247
    • 0034050652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responding to intractable terminal suffering: The role of terminal sedation and voluntary refusal of food and fluids
    • Quill TE, Byock IR. 2000. Responding to intractable terminal suffering: the role of terminal sedation and voluntary refusal of food and fluids. Ann Intern Med. 132:408-414.
    • (2000) Ann Intern Med , vol.132 , pp. 408-414
    • Quill, T.E.1    Byock, I.R.2
  • 248
    • 0033976388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • End-of-life care content in fifty textbooks from multiple specialties
    • Rabow MW, Hardie GE, Fair JM, McPhee SJ. 2000. End-of-life care content in fifty textbooks from multiple specialties. JAMA. 283:771-778.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 771-778
    • Rabow, M.W.1    Hardie, G.E.2    Fair, J.M.3    McPhee, S.J.4
  • 249
    • 0033774873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening in the elderly: Principles and practice
    • Rich JS, Sox HC. 2000. Screening in the elderly: principles and practice. Hosp Pract. 35:45-48, 53-56.
    • (2000) Hosp Pract , vol.35 , Issue.45-48 , pp. 53-56
    • Rich, J.S.1    Sox, H.C.2
  • 250
    • 0028866659 scopus 로고
    • A multidisciplinary intervention to prevent the readmission of elderly patients with congestive heart failure
    • Rich MW, Beckham V, Wittenberg C, Leven CL, Freedland KE, Carney RM. 1995. A multidisciplinary intervention to prevent the readmission of elderly patients with congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 333:1190-1195.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 1190-1195
    • Rich, M.W.1    Beckham, V.2    Wittenberg, C.3    Leven, C.L.4    Freedland, K.E.5    Carney, R.M.6
  • 251
    • 85205463946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Your money or your life: The financial burden of caregiving. In Levine C, ed
    • New York: United Hospital Fund of New York
    • Rigoglioso R. 2000. Your money or your life: the financial burden of caregiving. In Levine C, ed. Always on Call. New York: United Hospital Fund of New York.
    • (2000) Always on Call
    • Rigoglioso, R.1
  • 252
    • 85205457470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home aides for the elderly are in short supply
    • January 3
    • Rimer S. 2000. Home aides for the elderly are in short supply. New York Times. January 3.
    • (2000) New York Times
    • Rimer, S.1
  • 253
    • 85205513194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 2000. Overview of the chronic care model. Available online at www.improvingchroniccare.org/change/model/components.html. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) Overview of the chronic care model
  • 256
    • 85205513745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Rosalynn Carter Institute for Human Development. 2003. Advancing caregiving in America: fifteenth anniversary report. Available online at http://rci.gsw.edu/RCI_15.pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2003) Advancing caregiving in America: Fifteenth anniversary report
  • 258
    • 0034101960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dying with end stage liver disease with cirrhosis: Insights from SUPPORT
    • Roth K, Lynn J, Zhong Z, Borum M, Dawson NV. 2000. Dying with end stage liver disease with cirrhosis: insights from SUPPORT. J Am Geriatr Soc. 48:122-130.
    • (2000) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.48 , pp. 122-130
    • Roth, K.1    Lynn, J.2    Zhong, Z.3    Borum, M.4    Dawson, N.V.5
  • 260
    • 0033572972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caregiving as a risk factor for mortality
    • Schulz R, Beach SR. 1999. Caregiving as a risk factor for mortality. JAMA. 282:2215-2219.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 2215-2219
    • Schulz, R.1    Beach, S.R.2
  • 261
    • 0024319763 scopus 로고
    • Medical care in the last twelve months of life: The relation between age, functional status, and medical care expenditures
    • Scitovsky A. 1988. Medical care in the last twelve months of life: the relation between age, functional status, and medical care expenditures. Milbank Q. 66(4):640-660.
    • (1988) Milbank Q , vol.66 , Issue.4 , pp. 640-660
    • Scitovsky, A.1
  • 262
    • 0043162135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overcoming the false dichotomy of curative vs palliative care for late-stage HIV/AIDS: “Let me live the way I want to live, until I can’t.”
    • Selwyn PA, Forstein M. 2003. Overcoming the false dichotomy of curative vs palliative care for late-stage HIV/AIDS: “Let me live the way I want to live, until I can’t.” JAMA. 290:806-814.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.290 , pp. 806-814
    • Selwyn, P.A.1    Forstein, M.2
  • 264
    • 1642302389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in Medicare expenditures during the last three years of life
    • Shugarman L, Campbell D, Gabel J, Bird C, Louis T, Lynn J. 2004. Differences in Medicare expenditures during the last three years of life. JGIM. 19:127-135.
    • (2004) JGIM , vol.19 , pp. 127-135
    • Shugarman, L.1    Campbell, D.2    Gabel, J.3    Bird, C.4    Louis, T.5    Lynn, J.6
  • 265
    • 0036122977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refusing artificial nutrition and hydration: Does statutory law send the wrong message?
    • Sieger CE, Arnold JF, Ahronheim JC. 2002. Refusing artificial nutrition and hydration: does statutory law send the wrong message? J Am Geriatr Soc. 50:544-550.
    • (2002) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.50 , pp. 544-550
    • Sieger, C.E.1    Arnold, J.F.2    Ahronheim, J.C.3
  • 266
    • 0043172369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The best places to die: Improving end of life care requires better population level data
    • Singer P, Wolfson M. 2003. The best places to die: improving end of life care requires better population level data. BMJ. 327:173-174.
    • (2003) BMJ , vol.327 , pp. 173-174
    • Singer, P.1    Wolfson, M.2
  • 267
    • 1542750268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A highvolume specialist palliative care unit and team may reduce in-hospital end-oflife care costs
    • Smith TJ, Coyne P, Cassel B, Penberthy L, Hopson A, Hager MA. 2003. A highvolume specialist palliative care unit and team may reduce in-hospital end-oflife care costs. J Palliat Med. 6:699-705.
    • (2003) J Palliat Med , vol.6 , pp. 699-705
    • Smith, T.J.1    Coyne, P.2    Cassel, B.3    Penberthy, L.4    Hopson, A.5    Hager, M.A.6
  • 268
  • 269
    • 85205451755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of longevity on spending for acute and long-term care
    • Spillman B, Lubitz J. 2000. The effect of longevity on spending for acute and long-term care. N Engl J Med. 328:1092-1096.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , pp. 1092-1096
    • Spillman, B.1    Lubitz, J.2
  • 270
    • 85205458493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • State Medical Licensure Requirements and Statistics. 2003. Available online at www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/40/table14_03.pdf. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2003)
  • 271
    • 0030320437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health care in the early 1960s
    • Stevens RA. 1996. Health care in the early 1960s. Health Care Financ Rev. 18(2):11-22.
    • (1996) Health Care Financ Rev , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 11-22
    • Stevens, R.A.1
  • 273
    • 85191640015 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial to improve care for seriously ill hospitalized patients. Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments
    • SUPPORT Principal Investigators. 1995. A controlled trial to improve care for seriously ill hospitalized patients. Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments. JAMA. 274: 1591-1598.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 1591-1598
  • 274
    • 85205506691 scopus 로고
    • If nobody died of cancer … ? An analysis of demographic data
    • Papers from a conference cosponsored by the Health Policy Center, Georgetown University, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Washington, DC
    • Tauber C. 1976. If nobody died of cancer … ? An analysis of demographic data. In Death and dying: an examination of legislative and policy issues. Papers from a conference cosponsored by the Health Policy Center, Georgetown University, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Washington, DC.
    • (1976) Death and dying: An examination of legislative and policy issues
    • Tauber, C.1
  • 275
    • 0036142214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting place of death in the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE): Participant versus program characteristics
    • Temkin-Greener H, Mukamel DB. 2002. Predicting place of death in the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE): participant versus program characteristics. J Am Geriatr Soc. 50:125-135.
    • (2002) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.50 , pp. 125-135
    • Temkin-Greener, H.1    Mukamel, D.B.2
  • 276
    • 1942474186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report, Administration on Aging. Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Tennstedt S. 1999. Family caregiving in an aging society. Report, Administration on Aging. Available online at www.aoa.gov/caregivers/FamCare.htm. Accessed July 2003.
    • (1999) Family caregiving in an aging society
    • Tennstedt, S.1
  • 277
    • 0038372512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Now is the time to embrace nursing homes as a place of care for dying persons
    • Teno JM. 2003. Now is the time to embrace nursing homes as a place of care for dying persons. J Palliat Med. 6:293-296.
    • (2003) J Palliat Med , vol.6 , pp. 293-296
    • Teno, J.M.1
  • 279
    • 0030228162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putting advance-care planning into action
    • Teno JM, Lynn J. 1996. Putting advance-care planning into action. J Clin Ethics. 7:205-213.
    • (1996) J Clin Ethics , vol.7 , pp. 205-213
    • Teno, J.M.1    Lynn, J.2
  • 280
    • 0031665360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of the efficacy of the physician order form for life-sustaining treatment
    • Tolle SW, Tilden VP, Nelson CA, Dunn PM. 1998. A prospective study of the efficacy of the physician order form for life-sustaining treatment. J Am Geriatr Soc. 46:1097-1102.
    • (1998) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.46 , pp. 1097-1102
    • Tolle, S.W.1    Tilden, V.P.2    Nelson, C.A.3    Dunn, P.M.4
  • 281
    • 0038034250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating palliative care into nursing homes
    • United Nations. 2002. Report of the Second World Assembly on Aging. Madrid: United Nations. April 8-12
    • Tuch H, Parrish P, Romer AL. 2003. Integrating palliative care into nursing homes. J Palliat Med. 6:297-309. United Nations. 2002. Report of the Second World Assembly on Aging. Madrid: United Nations. April 8-12.
    • (2003) J Palliat Med , vol.6 , pp. 297-309
    • Tuch, H.1    Parrish, P.2    Romer, A.L.3
  • 282
    • 0004327829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2001. Monthly Labor Review. Available online at www.bls.gov. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2001) Monthly Labor Review
  • 283
    • 0003566987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • U.S. Census Bureau. 2000. National population projections. Available online at www.census.gov/population/www/projections/natproj.html. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) National population projections
  • 285
    • 85178435149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospice patients in nursing homes. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1997. Office of the Inspector General. Hospice patients in nursing homes. Available online at http://oig .hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-05-95-00250.pdf. Accessed February 2004.
    • (1997) Office of the Inspector General
  • 286
    • 6844258153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Healthy people 2010: objectives for improving health. Available online at, Accessed February 2004
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2000. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Healthy people 2010: objectives for improving health. Available online at www .healthypeople.gov/document/pdf/uih/uih.pdf. Accessed February 2004.
    • (2000) Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
  • 287
    • 85205517870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed November 2003
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2003. Medicare enrollment: national trends, 1966-2002. Available online at cms.hhs.gov/statistics/enrollment/natltrends/hi_smi.asp. Accessed November 2003.
    • (2003) Medicare enrollment: National trends, 1966-2002
  • 289
    • 0003495654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • U.S. General Accounting Office. 2000. Medicare: more beneficiaries use hospice but for fewer days of care. Available online at http://frwebgate.access .gpo.gov/cgi-bin/useftp.cgi?IPaddress=162.140.64.88&filename=he00182 .pdf&directory=/diskb/wais/data/gao. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) Medicare: More beneficiaries use hospice but for fewer days of care
  • 290
    • 85205479045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Veterans Affairs. 2002. Pain as the fifth vital sign: take 5. Available online at www.va.gov/OAA/pocketcard/pain.asp. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2002) Pain as the fifth vital sign: Take 5
  • 292
    • 0031083661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological and physical concomitants of caregiving. Introduction to special issue
    • Vitaliano P. 1997. Physiological and physical concomitants of caregiving. Introduction to special issue. Ann Behav Med. 19:75-77.
    • (1997) Ann Behav Med , vol.19 , pp. 75-77
    • Vitaliano, P.1
  • 293
    • 0002567354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic disease management: What will it take to improve care for chronic illness?
    • Wagner EH. 1998. Chronic disease management: what will it take to improve care for chronic illness? Effective Clinical Practice. 1:2-4.
    • (1998) Effective Clinical Practice , vol.1 , pp. 2-4
    • Wagner, E.H.1
  • 294
    • 0033147161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of leading chronic disease management programs: Are they consistent with the literature?
    • Wagner EH, Davis C, Schaefer J, Von Korff M, Austin B. 1999. A survey of leading chronic disease management programs: are they consistent with the literature? Managed Care Quarterly. 7(3):56-66.
    • (1999) Managed Care Quarterly , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 56-66
    • Wagner, E.H.1    Davis, C.2    Schaefer, J.3    Von Korff, M.4    Austin, B.5
  • 296
    • 33645959310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social Science Electronic Publishing. Available online at, Accessed July 2003
    • Warren E, Sullivan T, Jacoby MB. 2000. Medical problems and bankruptcy filings. Social Science Electronic Publishing. Available online at http://papers.ssrn.com/paper.taf?abstract_id=224581. Accessed July 2003.
    • (2000) Medical problems and bankruptcy filings
    • Warren, E.1    Sullivan, T.2    Jacoby, M.B.3
  • 298
    • 0035899846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality indicators for end-of-life care in vulnerable elders
    • Wenger NS, Rosenfeld K. 2001. Quality indicators for end-of-life care in vulnerable elders. Ann Intern Med. 135:S677-685.
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.135 , pp. S677-S685
    • Wenger, N.S.1    Rosenfeld, K.2
  • 299
    • 0035899838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing care of vulnerable elders: ACOVE project overview
    • Wenger NS, Shekelle PG, and the ACOVE Investigators. 2001. Assessing care of vulnerable elders: ACOVE project overview. Ann Intern Med. 135: S642-646.
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.135 , pp. S642-S646
    • Wenger, N.S.1    Shekelle, P.G.2
  • 303
    • 0039923167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a stable and experienced caregiver workforce
    • Wilner, MA. 2000. Toward a stable and experienced caregiver workforce. Generations. 24:60-65.
    • (2000) Generations , vol.24 , pp. 60-65
    • Wilner, M.A.1
  • 304
    • 0037111717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly
    • Wolff J, Starfield B, Anderson G. 2002. Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly. Arch Intern Med. 162:2269-2276.
    • (2002) Arch Intern Med , vol.162 , pp. 2269-2276
    • Wolff, J.1    Starfield, B.2    Anderson, G.3
  • 305
    • 0003882050 scopus 로고
    • Report of World Health Organization Expert Committee. Technical Series no. 804
    • World Health Organization (WHO). 1990. Cancer pain relief and palliative care. Report of World Health Organization Expert Committee. Technical Series no. 804.
    • (1990) Cancer pain relief and palliative care
  • 306
    • 11444254652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Davies E, Higginson IJ, eds. Geneva: World Health Organization Europe
    • World Health Organization (WHO). 2004. Better palliative care for older people. Davies E, Higginson IJ, eds. Geneva: World Health Organization Europe.
    • (2004) Better palliative care for older people
  • 307
    • 0010400692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Lamont/Christakis article reviewed
    • Zhong Z, Lynn J. 1999. The Lamont/Christakis article reviewed. Oncology. 13:1172-1173.
    • (1999) Oncology , vol.13 , pp. 1172-1173
    • Zhong, Z.1    Lynn, J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.