Impacts of Eruptions on Human Health

The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes

Volumn , Issue , 2015, Pages 1035-1047

  Baxter, Peter J ^a   Horwell, Claire J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Ash; Burns; Explosions; Fatalities; Fluorosis; Gases; Health; Lahars; Pyroclastic density currents; Silicosis; Trauma

Indexed keywords

EID: 85167741513     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-385938-9.00060-2     Document Type: Chapter

References (20)

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2. P.J. Baxter (1990) Medical effects of volcanoes. 1. Main causes of death and injury. Bull. Volcanol. 52 532-544.
3. P.J. Baxter, R. Ing, H. Falk, J. French, G. Stein, R.S. Bernstein, J.A. Merchant and J. Allard (1981) Mount St Helens eruptions, May 18 to June 12, 1980: an overview of the health impact. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 248 2585-2589.
4. P.J. Baxter, C. Bonadonna, R. Dupree, V.L. Hards, S.C. Kohn, M.D. Murphy, A. Nichols, R.A. Nicholson, G. Norton, A. Searl, R.S.J. Sparks and B.P. Vickers (1999) Cristobalite in volcanic ash of the Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat, British West Indies. Science 283 1142-1145.
5. P.J. Baxter, R. Boyle, P. Cole, A. Neri, R. Spence and G. Zuccaro (2005) The impacts of pyroclastic surges on buildings at the eruption of the Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat. Bull. Volcanol. 67 292-313.
6. P.J. Baxter, W.P. Aspinall, A. Neri, G. Zuccaro, R.J.S. Spence, R. Cioni and G. Woo (2008) Emergency planning and mitigation at Vesuvius: a new evidence-based approach. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 454-473.
7. P.J. Baxter, A. Searl, H.A. Cowie, D. Jarvis and C.J. Horwell (2014) Evaluating the respiratory health risks of volcanic ash at the eruption of the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, 1995-2010. G. Wadge, R. Robertson, B. Voight (Eds) The Eruption of Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat from 2000 to 2010 vol. 39 London: Geological Society 405-423.
8. Cole, P.D., Neri, A., Baxter, P.J. Hazards from pyroclastic density currents. Encycl. Volcanoes, Chapter 54, this volume in press.
9. P. Delmelle, J. Stix, P.J. Baxter, J. Garcia-Alvarez and J. Barquero (2002) Atmospheric dispersion, environmental effects and potential health hazard associated with the low-altitude gas plume of Masaya volcano, Nicaragua. Bull. Volcanol. 64 423-434.
10. A. Hansell and C. Oppenheimer (2004) Health hazards from volcanic gases: a systematic literature review. Arch. Environ. Health 59 628-639.
11. T.K. Hincks, W.P. Aspinall, P.J. Baxter, A. Searl, R.S.J. Sparks and G. Woo (2006) Long term exposure to respirable volcanic ash on Montserrat: a time series simulation. Bull. Volcanol. 68 266-284.
12. C.J. Horwell and P.J. Baxter (2006) The respiratory health hazards of volcanic ash: a review for volcanic risk mitigation. Bull. Volcanol. 69 1-24.
13. C.J. Horwell, S.E. Hillman, P.D. Cole, S.C. Loughlin, E.W. Llewellin, D.E. Damby and T. Christopher (2014) Controls on variations in cristobalite abundance in ash generated by the Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat in the period 1997-2010. G. Wadge, R. Robertson, B. Voight (Eds) Memoir of the Geological Society of London 397-404.
14. C.J. Horwell, B.J. Williamson, J.S. Le Blond, K. Donaldson, D.E. Damby and L. Bowen (2012) The structure of volcanic cristobalite in relation to its toxicity: relevance for the variable crystalline silica hazard. Part. Fibre Toxicol. 9 44.
15. The International Volcanic Health Hazard Network (www.ivhhn.org), the umbrella organization for volcanic health-related research and dissemination, has produced pamphlets and guidelines on volcanic health issues for the public, scientists, governmental bodies, and agencies.
16. S. Jenkins, J.-C. Komorowski, P.J. Baxter, R. Spence, A. Picquout, F. Lavigne and Surono (2013) The Merapi 2010 eruption: an interdisciplinary impact assessment methodology for studying pyroclastic density current dynamics. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 261 316-329.
17. C. Small and T. Naumann (2001) Holocene volcanism and the global distribution of human population. Environ. Hazards 3 93-109.
18. R.J.S. Spence, A. Pomonis, P.J. Baxter, A.W. Coburn, M. White and M.F.E.T.P.T. Dayrit M., Field Epidemiology Training Program Team (1996) Building damage caused by the Mount Pinatubo eruption of June 15, 1991. C.G. Newall, R.S. Punongbayan (Eds) Fire and Mud: eruptions and lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, University of Washington Press, Seattle 1055-1061.
19. C. Stewart, D.M. Johnston, G. Leonard, C.J. Horwell, T. Thordarsson and S. Cronin (2006) Contamination of water supplies by volcanic ashfall: a literature review and simple impact modelling. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 158 296-306.
20. C.S. Witham (2005) Volcanic disasters and incidents: a new database. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 148 191-233.