메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2003, Pages 246-258

THE ANTECEDENTS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT CAPABILITY IN FIRMS: A KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION PERSPECTIVE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INFORMATION SYSTEMS; INFORMATION USE; INVESTMENTS;

EID: 85138735018     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (84)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0033266809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information Technology Assimilation in Firms: The Influence of Senior Leadership and It Infrastructures
    • Armstrong, C., and Sambamurthy, V. “Information Technology Assimilation in Firms: The Influence of Senior Leadership and It Infrastructures,” Information Systems Research (10:4) 1999, pp. 304-327.
    • (1999) Information Systems Research , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 304-327
    • Armstrong, C.1    Sambamurthy, V.2
  • 2
    • 21844512943 scopus 로고
    • Product and Process Flexibility in an Innovative Environment
    • Athey, S., and Schmutzler, A. “Product and Process Flexibility in an Innovative Environment,” Rand Journal of Economics (26:4) 1995, pp. 557-574.
    • (1995) Rand Journal of Economics , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 557-574
    • Athey, S.1    Schmutzler, A.2
  • 3
    • 0003095695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling
    • (ed.), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ
    • Chin, W. “The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling,” in Modern Methods for Business Research, G. Marcoulides (ed.), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, 1998, pp. 295-336.
    • (1998) Modern Methods for Business Research, G. Marcoulides , pp. 295-336
    • Chin, W.1
  • 4
    • 0003095695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural Equation Modeling Analysis with Small Samples Using Partial Least Squares
    • R. Hoyle (ed.), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA
    • Chin, W., and Newsted, P. “Structural Equation Modeling Analysis with Small Samples Using Partial Least Squares,” in Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research, R. Hoyle (ed.), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA, 1999, pp. 307-341.
    • (1999) Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research , pp. 307-341
    • Chin, W.1    Newsted, P.2
  • 5
    • 84976757470 scopus 로고
    • Orchestrating Project Organization and Management
    • Constantine, L., and Lockwood, L. “Orchestrating Project Organization and Management,” Communications of the ACM (36:10) 1993, pp. 31-43.
    • (1993) Communications of the ACM , vol.36 , Issue.10 , pp. 31-43
    • Constantine, L.1    Lockwood, L.2
  • 6
    • 0000243890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information Technology Development Creativity: A Case Study of Attempted Radical Change
    • Cooper, R. “Information Technology Development Creativity: A Case Study of Attempted Radical Change,” MIS Quarterly (24:2) 2000, pp. 245-276.
    • (2000) MIS Quarterly , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 245-276
    • Cooper, R.1
  • 7
    • 0024105910 scopus 로고
    • A Field Study of the Software Design Process for Large Systems
    • Curtis, B., Krasner, H., and Iscoe, N. “A Field Study of the Software Design Process for Large Systems,” Communications of the ACM (31:11) 1988, pp. 1268-1287.
    • (1988) Communications of the ACM , vol.31 , Issue.11 , pp. 1268-1287
    • Curtis, B.1    Krasner, H.2    Iscoe, N.3
  • 8
    • 0034270434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvisation in Small Software Organizations
    • Dyba, T. “Improvisation in Small Software Organizations,” IEEE Software, September/October 2000, pp. 82-87.
    • (2000) IEEE Software, September/October , pp. 82-87
    • Dyba, T.1
  • 9
    • 0031237592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical Issues in Abandoned Information Systems Development Projects
    • Ewusi-Mensah, K. “Critical Issues in Abandoned Information Systems Development Projects,” Communications of the ACM (40:9) 1997, pp. 74-80.
    • (1997) Communications of the ACM , vol.40 , Issue.9 , pp. 74-80
    • Ewusi-Mensah, K.1
  • 11
    • 0034478781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinating Expertise in Software Development Teams
    • Faraj, S., and Sproull, L. “Coordinating Expertise in Software Development Teams,” Management Science (46:12) 2000, pp. 1554-1568.
    • (2000) Management Science , vol.46 , Issue.12 , pp. 1554-1568
    • Faraj, S.1    Sproull, L.2
  • 12
    • 85138700493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • “Core IS Capabilities for Exploiting Information Technology,” Sloan Management Review, Spring
    • Feeny, D. F., and Willcocks, L. “Core IS Capabilities for Exploiting Information Technology,” Sloan Management Review, Spring 1998, pp. 9-21.
    • (1998) And Willcocks, L , pp. 9-21
    • Feeny, D.F.1
  • 13
    • 0000009769 scopus 로고
    • Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Errors
    • Fornell, C., and Larcker, D. “Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Errors,” Journal of Marketing Research (18:2) 1981, pp. 39-50.
    • (1981) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 39-50
    • Fornell, C.1    Larcker, D.2
  • 14
    • 84950645271 scopus 로고
    • The Predictive Sample Reuse Method with Applications
    • Geisser, S. “The Predictive Sample Reuse Method with Applications,” Journal of American Statistical Association (70) 1975, pp. 320-328.
    • (1975) Journal of American Statistical Association , vol.70 , pp. 320-328
    • Geisser, S.1
  • 16
    • 0030505108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospering in Dynamically-Competitive Environments: Organizational Capability as Knowledge Integration
    • Grant, R. “Prospering in Dynamically-Competitive Environments: Organizational Capability as Knowledge Integration,” Organization Science (7:4) 1996, pp. 375-387.
    • (1996) Organization Science , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 375-387
    • Grant, R.1
  • 17
    • 0032339038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enabling Software Development Team Performance During Requirements Definition: A Behavioral Versus Technical Approach
    • Guinan, P. J., Cooprider, J. G., and Faraj, S. “Enabling Software Development Team Performance During Requirements Definition: A Behavioral Versus Technical Approach,”Information Systems Research (9:2), 1998, pp. 101-125.
    • (1998) Information Systems Research , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-125
    • Guinan, P.J.1    Cooprider, J.G.2    Faraj, S.3
  • 18
    • 0036014155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge Networks: Explaining Effective Knowledge Sharing in Multiunit Companies
    • Hansen, H. “Knowledge Networks: Explaining Effective Knowledge Sharing in Multiunit Companies,” Organization Science (13:3) 2002, pp. 232-248.
    • (2002) Organization Science , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 232-248
    • Hansen, H.1
  • 19
    • 0033247480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Search-Transfer Problem: The Role of Weak Ties in Sharing Knowledge across Organizational Subunits
    • Hansen, M. “The Search-Transfer Problem: The Role of Weak Ties in Sharing Knowledge across Organizational Subunits,” Administrative Science Quarterly (44) 1999, pp. 83-111.
    • (1999) Administrative Science Quarterly , Issue.44 , pp. 83-111
    • Hansen, M.1
  • 20
    • 0001900351 scopus 로고
    • Plugging into Strategic Partnerships: The Critical Is Connection
    • Henderson, J. C. “Plugging into Strategic Partnerships: The Critical Is Connection,” Sloan Management Review (3) 1990, pp. 7-18.
    • (1990) Sloan Management Review , Issue.3 , pp. 7-18
    • Henderson, J.C.1
  • 21
    • 0001511053 scopus 로고
    • Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established Firms
    • Henderson, R., and Clark, K. “Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established Firms,” Administrative Science Quarterly (35) 1990, pp. 9-30.
    • (1990) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.35 , pp. 9-30
    • Henderson, R.1    Clark, K.2
  • 22
    • 0000207559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shared Knowledge, “Glitches,” and Product Development Performance
    • Hoopes, D., and Postrel, S. “Shared Knowledge, “Glitches,” and Product Development Performance,” Strategic Management Journal (20) 1999, pp. 837-865.
    • (1999) Strategic Management Journal , vol.20 , pp. 837-865
    • Hoopes, D.1    Postrel, S.2
  • 23
    • 0032334755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Paradigmatic Analysis Contrasting Information Systems Development Approaches and Methodologies
    • Iivari, J., Hirschheim, R., and Klein, H. K. “A Paradigmatic Analysis Contrasting Information Systems Development Approaches and Methodologies,” Information Systems Research (92:2) 1998, pp. 164-193.
    • (1998) Information Systems Research , vol.92 , Issue.2 , pp. 164-193
    • Iivari, J.1    Hirschheim, R.2    Klein, H.K.3
  • 24
    • 0002179604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutting Your Losses: Extricating Your Organization When a Big Project Goes Awry
    • Keil, M., and Montealegre, R. “Cutting Your Losses: Extricating Your Organization When a Big Project Goes Awry,” Sloan Management Review (41:3) 2000, pp. 55-68.
    • (2000) Sloan Management Review , vol.41 , Issue.3 , pp. 55-68
    • Keil, M.1    Montealegre, R.2
  • 25
    • 0642314444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Management of Complex Tasks in Organizations: Controlling the Systems Development Process
    • Kirsch, L. J. “The Management of Complex Tasks in Organizations: Controlling the Systems Development Process,” Organization Science (7:1) 1996, pp. 1-21.
    • (1996) Organization Science , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-21
    • Kirsch, L.J.1
  • 26
    • 77954516553 scopus 로고
    • Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology
    • Kogut, B., and Zander, U. “Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology,” Organization Science (3) 1992, pp. 383-397.
    • (1992) Organization Science , vol.3 , pp. 383-397
    • Kogut, B.1    Zander, U.2
  • 27
    • 0036493043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technology Selection and Commitment in New Product Development: The Role of Uncertainty and Design Flexibility
    • Krishnan, V., and Bhattacharya, S. “Technology Selection and Commitment in New Product Development: The Role of Uncertainty and Design Flexibility,” Management Science (48:3) 2002, pp. 313-327.
    • (2002) Management Science , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 313-327
    • Krishnan, V.1    Bhattacharya, S.2
  • 28
    • 0035239259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Product Development Decisions: A Review of the Literature
    • Krishnan, V., and Ulrich, K. “Product Development Decisions: A Review of the Literature,” Management Science (47:1) 2001, pp. 1-21.
    • (2001) Management Science , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-21
    • Krishnan, V.1    Ulrich, K.2
  • 30
    • 0000958967 scopus 로고
    • The Influence of a Convergence in Understanding between Technology Providers and Users on Information Technology Innovativeness
    • Lind, M. R., and Zmud, R. “The Influence of a Convergence in Understanding between Technology Providers and Users on Information Technology Innovativeness,” Organization Science (2:2) 1991, pp. 195-217.
    • (1991) Organization Science , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 195-217
    • Lind, M.R.1    Zmud, R.2
  • 31
    • 0032348156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention Shaping and Software Risk--a Categorical Analysis of Four Classical Risk Management Approaches
    • Lyytinen, K., Mathiassen, L., and Ropponen, J. “Attention Shaping and Software Risk--a Categorical Analysis of Four Classical Risk Management Approaches,” Information Systems Research (9:3) 1998, pp. 233-255.
    • (1998) Information Systems Research , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 233-255
    • Lyytinen, K.1    Mathiassen, L.2    Ropponen, J.3
  • 32
    • 0035239282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing Products on Internet Time: The Anatomy of a Flexible Development Process
    • MacCormack, A., Verganti, R., and Iansiti, M. “Developing Products on Internet Time: The Anatomy of a Flexible Development Process,” Management Science (47:1) 2001, pp. 133-150.
    • (2001) Management Science , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 133-150
    • Maccormack, A.1    Verganti, R.2    Iansiti, M.3
  • 33
    • 0001591897 scopus 로고
    • Portfolio Approach to Information Systems
    • McFarlan, F. W “Portfolio Approach to Information Systems,” Harvard Business Review (59:5), 1981, pp. 17-25.
    • (1981) Harvard Business Review , vol.59 , Issue.5 , pp. 17-25
    • McFarlan, F.W.1
  • 34
    • 0032375624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social Capital, Intellectual Capital, and the Organizational Advantage
    • Nahapeit, J., and Ghoshal, S. “Social Capital, Intellectual Capital, and the Organizational Advantage,” Academy of Management Review (23:2) 1998, pp. 242-266.
    • (1998) Academy of Management Review , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 242-266
    • Nahapeit, J.1    Ghoshal, S.2
  • 35
    • 0000361115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Contribution of Shared Knowledge to Is Group Performance
    • December
    • Nelson, K., and Cooprider, J. “The Contribution of Shared Knowledge to Is Group Performance,” MIS Quarterly, December 1996, pp. 409-429.
    • (1996) MIS Quarterly , pp. 409-429
    • Nelson, K.1    Cooprider, J.2
  • 37
    • 0036638661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating Knowledge in Groups: How Formal Interventions Enable Flexibility
    • Okhuysen, G., and Eisenhardt, K. “Integrating Knowledge in Groups: How Formal Interventions Enable Flexibility,” Organization Science (13:4) 2002, pp. 370-386.
    • (2002) Organization Science , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 370-386
    • Okhuysen, G.1    Eisenhardt, K.2
  • 38
    • 0036014191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowing in Practice: Enacting a Collective Capability in Distributed Organizing
    • Orlikowski, W. “Knowing in Practice: Enacting a Collective Capability in Distributed Organizing,” Organization Science (13:2) 2002, pp. 249-273.
    • (2002) Organization Science , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 249-273
    • Orlikowski, W.1
  • 39
    • 0036014173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Islands of Shared Knowledge: Specialization and Mutual Understanding in Problem Solving Teams
    • Postrel, S. “Islands of Shared Knowledge: Specialization and Mutual Understanding in Problem Solving Teams,” Organization Science (13:3) 2002, pp. 303-320.
    • (2002) Organization Science , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 303-320
    • Postrel, S.1
  • 40
    • 0030306449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interorganizational Collaboration and the Locus of Innovation: Networks of Learning in Biotechnology
    • Powell, W., Koput, K., and Smith-Doerr, L. “Interorganizational Collaboration and the Locus of Innovation: Networks of Learning in Biotechnology,” Administrative Science Quarterly (41) 1996, pp. 116-145.
    • (1996) Administrative Science Quarterly , Issue.41 , pp. 116-145
    • Powell, W.1    Koput, K.2    Smith-Doerr, L.3
  • 41
    • 85138683308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • “The Dynamic Synchronization of Strategy and Information Technology,” Sloan Management Review, Summer
    • Prahalad, C., and Krishnan, M. “The Dynamic Synchronization of Strategy and Information Technology,” Sloan Management Review, Summer 2002, pp. 24-33.
    • (2002) And Krishnan, M , pp. 24-33
    • Prahalad, C.1
  • 42
    • 0036004587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the Validity of IS Success Models: An Empirical Test and Theoretical Analysis
    • Rai, A., Lang, S., and Welker, R. “Assessing the Validity of IS Success Models: An Empirical Test and Theoretical Analysis,” Information Systems Research (13:1) 2002, pp. 50-69.
    • (2002) Information Systems Research , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 50-69
    • Rai, A.1    Lang, S.2    Welker, R.3
  • 43
    • 0001940135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors That Influence the Social Dimension of Alignment between Business and Information Technology Objectives
    • Reich, B., and Benbasat, I. “Factors That Influence the Social Dimension of Alignment between Business and Information Technology Objectives,” MIS Quarterly (24:1) 2000, pp. 81-111.
    • (2000) MIS Quarterly , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-111
    • Reich, B.1    Benbasat, I.2
  • 44
    • 0002333333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Role of Knowledge in Software Development
    • Robillard, P. “The Role of Knowledge in Software Development,” Communications of the ACM (42:1) 1999, pp. 87-92.
    • (1999) Communications of the ACM , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-92
    • Robillard, P.1
  • 45
    • 85138725294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • “Develop Long-Term Competitiveness through It Assets,” Sloan Management Review, Fall
    • Ross, J., Beath, C., and Goodhue, D. “Develop Long-Term Competitiveness through It Assets,” Sloan Management Review, Fall 1996, pp. 31-42.
    • (1996) And Goodhue, D , pp. 31-42
    • Ross, J.1    Beath, C.2
  • 46
    • 0033718905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of Knowledge, Group Network Structure, and Group Performance
    • Rulke, D., and Galaskiewicz, J. “Distribution of Knowledge, Group Network Structure, and Group Performance,” Management Science (46:5) 2000, pp. 612-625.
    • (2000) Management Science , vol.46 , Issue.5 , pp. 612-625
    • Rulke, D.1    Galaskiewicz, J.2
  • 47
    • 0036575072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge Management in Software Engineering
    • Rus, I., and Lindvall, M. “Knowledge Management in Software Engineering,” IEEE Software (May/June) 2002, pp. 26-38.
    • (2002) IEEE Software (May/June) , pp. 26-38
    • Rus, I.1    Lindvall, M.2
  • 48
    • 0242575351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shaping Agility through Digital Options: Reconceptualizing the Role of IT in Contemporary Firms
    • Sambamurthy, V., Bharadwaj, A., and Grover., V. “Shaping Agility through Digital Options: Reconceptualizing the Role of IT in Contemporary Firms,” MIS Quarterly (27:2), 2003, pp. 237-256.
    • (2003) MIS Quarterly , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 237-256
    • Sambamurthy, V.1    Bharadwaj, A.2    Grover, V.3
  • 49
    • 0031512927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Organizing Vision in Information Systems Innovation
    • Swanson, E. B., and Ramiller, N. C. “The Organizing Vision in Information Systems Innovation,” Organization Science (8:5) 1997, p. 458-474.
    • (1997) Organization Science , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 458-474
    • Swanson, E.B.1    Ramiller, N.C.2
  • 50
    • 0041751098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring Internal Stickiness: Impediments to the Transfer of Best Practice within the Firm
    • Szulanski, G. “Exploring Internal Stickiness: Impediments to the Transfer of Best Practice within the Firm,” Strategic Management Journal (17) 1996, pp. 27-43.
    • (1996) Strategic Management Journal , Issue.17 , pp. 27-43
    • Szulanski, G.1
  • 51
    • 0035643025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge Transfer in Intraorganizational Networks: Effects of Network Position and Absorptive Capacity on Business Unit Innovation and Performance
    • Tsai, W. “Knowledge Transfer in Intraorganizational Networks: Effects of Network Position and Absorptive Capacity on Business Unit Innovation and Performance,” Academy of Management Journal (44:5) 2001, pp. 996-1004.
    • (2001) Academy of Management Journal , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 996-1004
    • Tsai, W.1
  • 52
    • 0032220427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social Capital and Value Creation: The Role of Intrafirm Networks
    • Tsai, W., and Ghoshal, S. “Social Capital and Value Creation: The Role of Intrafirm Networks,” Academy of Management Journal (41:4) 1998, pp. 464-476.
    • (1998) Academy of Management Journal , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 464-476
    • Tsai, W.1    Ghoshal, S.2
  • 53
    • 0033259307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coevolution of Firm Absorptive Capacity and Knowledge Environment: Organizational Forms and Combinative Capabilities
    • Van den Bosch, F., Volberda, H., and Boer, M. “Coevolution of Firm Absorptive Capacity and Knowledge Environment: Organizational Forms and Combinative Capabilities,” Organization Science (10:5) 1999, pp. 551-568.
    • (1999) Organization Science , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 551-568
    • van den Bosch, F.1    Volberda, H.2    Boer, M.3
  • 54
    • 0033249248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Resource-Based View of Product Development
    • Verona, G. “A Resource-Based View of Product Development,” Academy of Management Review (24:1) 1999, pp. 132-142.
    • (1999) Academy of Management Review , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 132-142
    • Verona, G.1
  • 55
    • 0000097622 scopus 로고
    • The Impact of Sticky Data on Innovation and Problem Solving
    • von Hippel, E. “The Impact of Sticky Data on Innovation and Problem Solving,” Management Science (40:4) 1994, pp. 429-439.
    • (1994) Management Science , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 429-439
    • von Hippel, E.1
  • 57
    • 0027680804 scopus 로고
    • Inside a Software Design Team: Knowledge, Sharing, and Integration
    • Walz, D., Elam, J., and Curtis, B. “Inside a Software Design Team: Knowledge, Sharing, and Integration,” Communications of the ACM (36:10) 1993, pp. 63-77.
    • (1993) Communications of the ACM , vol.36 , Issue.10 , pp. 63-77
    • Walz, D.1    Elam, J.2    Curtis, B.3
  • 58
    • 0013218808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social Capital, Knowledge Acquisition, and Knowledge Exploitation in Technology-Based Firms
    • Yli-Renko, H., Autio, E., and Sapienza, H. “Social Capital, Knowledge Acquisition, and Knowledge Exploitation in Technology-Based Firms,” Strategic Management Journal (22) 2001, pp. 587-613.
    • (2001) Strategic Management Journal , vol.22 , pp. 587-613
    • Yli-Renko, H.1    Autio, E.2    Sapienza, H.3
  • 59
    • 0036011963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorptive Capacity: A Review, Reconceptualization and Extension
    • Zahra, S., and George, G. “Absorptive Capacity: A Review, Reconceptualization and Extension,” Academy of Management Review (27:2) 2002, pp. 185-203.
    • (2002) Academy of Management Review , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-203
    • Zahra, S.1    George, G.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.