Chinese Corporate Diplomacy: Huawei’s CSR Discourse in Africa

Palgrave Macmillan Series in Global Public Diplomacy

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 95-115

  Tang, Lu ^a   Li, Hongmei ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Chinese Company; Chinese Government; Corporate Social Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility Activity; Corporate Social Responsibility Practice

Indexed keywords

EID: 85116715726     PISSN: 27313883     EISSN: 27313891     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1057/9780230116375_6     Document Type: Chapter

References (64)

1. Harry G. Broadman, Africa’s Silk Road: China and India’s New Economic Frontier (The World Bank, 2007). Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/AFRICAEXT/Resources/Africa_Silk_Road.pdf
2. Recently, several books have been published on China’s presence in Africa, including Deborah Brautigam, The Dragon’s Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009); Serge Michel and Michel Beuret, China’s Safari: On the Trail of Beijing’s Expansion in Africa (Philadelpia, PA, Nation Books, 2009); Sara Raine, China’s African Challenges (Oxon, UK: Routledge, 2009); Ian Taylor, China’s New Role in Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2009); Kweku Ampiah and Sanusha Naidu, ed., Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon? Africa and China (Scottsville, South Africa, University of Kwazulu Natal Press, 2008); Robert I. Rotberg, ed. China info Africa: Trade, Aid and Influence (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2008); Chris Alden, Daniel Large, and Ricardo Soares de Oliveira, ed., China Returns to Africa: A Rising Power and a Continent Embrace (New York: Columbia University Press, 2008).
3. “China in Africa: Implications for U.S. Policy” 2008 http://foreign.senate.gov/testimony/2008/EconomyTestimony080604a.pdf Deborah Brautigam pointed out in her 2009 book The Dragon’s Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa that the figures on China’s aid in Africa are often inflated or simply erroneous due to mistakes in translation, conversion of figures between different numeric systems and currencies, and repeated counting of deals negotiated over time. The figures are generally larger than what they really are.
4. For a more detailed criticism of Chinese companies in Africa, see Serge Michel and Michel Beuret, China’s Safari: On the Trail of Beijing’s Expansion in Africa (Nation Books, 2009).
5. See www.businessfordiplomaticaction.org/... /ft_june_a_deep_divide_in_america.doc
6. Joshua Kurlantzick, Charm Offensive: How China’s Soft Power Is Transforming the World (New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2007).
7. The BBC World Service Poll is available at http://www.worldpublicopinion.org/pipa/pdf/feb09/BBCEvals_Feb09_rpt.pdf. The Pew Research Institute Poll is available at http://pewglobal.org/
8. Beijing Consensus is a term proposed by Joshua Cooper Ramo, a former senior editor of Time magazine. Joshua Cooper Ramo, The Beijing Consensus (London: The Foreign Policy Centre, 2004).
9. Kurlantzick, Charm Offensive, 53–56.
10. The Chinese government proposed the noninterference principle in the early 1950s, which dictates that China will respect the sovereignty of other countries and will not meddle with other countries’ domestic affairs. For a more in-depth discussion, see Ian Taylor, China’s New Role in Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2009).
11. Kurlantzick, Charm Offensive, 44–45.
12. Sithara Fernando, “Chronology of China-Africa relations,” China Report 43, no.3 (2007): 363–373.
13. Philip Snow, The Star Raft: China’s Encounter with Africa (New York: Weodemdeld and Nocolson, 1988).
14. Brautigam, The Dragon’s Gift.
15. Feng Jian, Zhao Cheng, and Huang Fuhui, “Premier Wen Jiabao Attends and Delivers a Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the 4th Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation.” Available at http://english.agri.gov.cn/ga/np/200911/t20091113_1490.htm
16. Anshan Li, “China’s New Policy toward Africa,” in China into Africa: Trade, Aid, and Influence, ed. Robert I. Rotberg (Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2008), 21–49.
17. See http://www.chinaqw.com/hwjy/kzxy/200902/06/149570.shtml
18. Brautigam, The Dragon’s Gift, 121.
19. Li, “China’s New Policy toward Africa,” 31.
20. See the special issue of Journal of Business Strategy 27, no 3 (2006).
21. Jeffrey E. Garten. “Business and Foreign Policy,” Foreign Affairs 76, no. 3 (1997): 67–79.
22. Jian Wang, “Public Diplomacy and Global Business,” Journal of Business Strategy 27, no. 3 (2006): 41–49.
23. Concessional loans are loans with no interest or interest lower than prevailing market interest and longer repayment periods.
24. Sara Raine, China’s African Challenges (Oxon, UK: Routledge, 2009).
25. Ana Critina Alves, “Chinese Economic Diplomacy in Africa: The Lusophone Strategy,” in China Returns to Africa: A Rising Power and a Continent Embrace, ed. Chris Alden et al. (New York: Columbia University Press, 2008), 69–82.
26. For a full discussion, see Ian Taylor, China’s New Role in Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2009).
27. Raine, China’s African Challenges, 105–127.
28. Michel and Beuret, China’s Safari, 121. The authors also argue that the Senegal Trade Association (UNACOIS) is a “lobby for the big French, Lebanese and Senegalese merchants.”
29. Ibid.
30. Sebastien Berger, “Anti-China Candidate Michael Sata Hopes to Become Zambia President,” http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/zambia/3287332/Anti-China-candidate-Michael-Sata-hopes-to-become-Zambia-president.html
31. Akwe Amosu (2007). “China in Africa: It’s (Still) the Governance, Stupid.” Retrieved February 10, 2008, from http://www.fpif.org/fpiftxt/4068
32. Archie B. Carroll, “A History of Corporate Social Responsibility: Concepts and Practices,” in The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Social Responsibility, ed. Andrew Crane, Abigail McWilliams, Dirk Matten, Jeremy Moon, and Donald S. Siegel (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), 19–46.
33. Jian Wang and Vidhi Chaudhri, “Corporate Social Responsibility Engagement,” Public Relations Review 35 (2009): 247–250.
34. Michael Stohl, Cynthia Stohl, and Natalie Townsley “A New Generation of Global Corporate Social Responsibility,” in The Debate over Corporate Social Responsibility, ed. Steven May, George Cheney and Juliet Roper (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007), 30–44.
35. Domenec Mele, “Corporate Social Responsibility Theories,” in The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Social Responsibility, ed. Andrew Crane, Abigail McWilliams, Dirk Matten, Jeremy Moon, and Donald S. Siegel (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), 47–82.
36. Dirk Matten, Andrew Crane, and Wendy Chapple. “Behind the Mask: Revealing the True Face of Corporate Citizenship,” Journal of Business Ethics 45, no. 1–2 (2003): 109–20.
37. Martin Carnoy, “Multinationals in a Changing World Economy: Withering the Nationstates?” in The New Global Economy in the Information Age: Reflections in Our Changing World, ed. Martin Carnoy, Manuel Castells, Stephen Cohen, and Fernando Henrique [correct?] Cardoso (University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1993), 45–96.
38. Jing Yin, “The Clash of Rights: A Critical Analysis of News Discourse on Human Rights in the United States and China,” Critical Discourses Studies 40, no.1 (2007): 75–94.
39. Hong Xiao, “Values Priority and Human Rights Policy: A Comparison between China and Western Nations,” Journal of Human Values 11, no. 2 (2005): 87–102.
40. Ibid.
41. Paul C. Godfrey, and Nile W. Hatch. “Researching Corporate Social Responsibility: An Agenda for the 21st Century,” Journal of Business Ethics 70, no. 1 (2007): 87–98.
42. Lu Tang and Hongmei Li, “Corporate Social Responsibility in the Context of Globalization: An Analysis of CSR Self-presentation of Chinese and Global Corporations in China,” Public Relations Review, 35 (2009): 199–212.
43. Anita Chan, “China Says No To Developed Countries’ Corporate Social Responsibility,” Asian Analysis (2005). Available at http://www.aseanfocus.com/asiananalysis/article. cfm?articleID=816
44. All figures are from Huawei’s corporate website: www.huawei.com
45. David Grant, Cynthia Hardy, Cliff Oswick, and Linda Putnam, “Introduction: Organizational Discourse: Exploring the Dield,” in The Sage Handbook of Organizational Discourse, ed. David Grant et al. (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2004), 1–32.
46. The Report can be downloaded at http://www.huawei.com/africa/en/catalog.do?id=543
47. These themes are based on the headings in Huawei’s annual reports and CSR reports.
48. Archie B. Carroll, “Corporate Social Responsibility,” Business and Society 38, no. 3 (1999): 268–295.
49. Milton Friedman, “The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits,” New York Times Magazine (1970, September 13).
50. All excerpts from company websites and documents were translated from Chinese into English by the authors unless noted otherwise.
51. For instance, see http://www.eeo.com.cn/Business_Commentary/management/2007/05/08/60705.html
52. It is said that employees often put a mattress under their desks so that they can stay in the office to work overtime at night whenever necessary and steal a few hours’ sleep before the second day starts.
53. For a more detailed discussion of the incident, see Chen Hong, “Maneuver on Labor Law faces block” at http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2008–07/22/content_6865144.htm
54. See http://finance.sina.com.cn/chanjing/b/20070508/02543567620.shtml
55. See http://finance.sina.com.cn/chanjing/b/20070508/02543567620.shtml
56. Raine, China’s African Challenges, 105–108.
57. See http://www.transparency.org/news_room/latest_news/press_releases/2008/bpi_2008_en
58. Brautigam, The Dragon’s Gift, 140.
59. See, “Chinese premier encourages firms to contribute to African development,” Xinhua, Feature, November 7, 2009.
60. See “Nigeria: Dangote Partners Huawei for Rollout of Fibre Optic Network,” Africa News (April 28, 2009).
61. See “Uganda to Lower Telephone Tariffs,” BBC Worldwide Monitoring, November 16, 2009.
62. Africans and Asians Tend to View Globalization Favorably; Europeans and Americans are More Skeptical. See http://www.worldpublicopinion.org/pipa/articles/btglobalizationtradera/273. php?lb=braf&pnt=273&nid=&id=
63. Global Scan. Eight Nation Poll on Africa: Questionnaire. The survey result is available at http://www.worldpublicopinion.org/pipa/pdf/jun04/Questionnaire061604.pdf
64. Ibid.