The long shadow: Understanding the influence of the laki fissure eruption on human mortality in Europe

Living Under the Shadow: Cultural Impacts of Volcanic Eruptions

Volumn , Issue , 2016, Pages 153-174

  Grattan, John ^a   Michnowicz, Sabina ^b   Rabartin, Roland ^c  

^a ABERYSTWYTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS   (United Kingdom)

^c Saint Denis Regional hospital Center   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85106084894     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (58)

1. Barker, J (1796) Epidemicks, Birmingham, T Longman
2. Bradley, L (1971) ‘An enquiry into seasonality in baptisms, marriages and burials’, Local Population Studies 6, 15-31
3. Baillie, MGL and Munro, MAR (1988) ‘Irish tree rings, Santorini and volcanic dust veils’, Nature 322, 344-46
4. Blackford, JJ, Edwards, KJ, Dugmore, AJ, Cook, GT and Buckland, P (1992) ‘Hekla-4: Icelandic volcanic ash and the mid-Holocene Scots Pine decline in northern Scotland’, The Holocene 2, 260-65
5. Burgess, C (1989) ‘Volcanoes, catastrophe and the global crisis of the late second millenium BC’, Current Archaeology 117, 325-29
6. Cowper, W 1981 (1783) in King, J & Ryskamp, C (eds). 1981. The letters and prose writings of William Cowper, vol 2, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
7. Creighton, C (1965) A History of Epidemics in Britain, vol 2, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press
8. Demarée, GR and Ogilvie, AEJ (2001) ‘Bons Baisers d’Islande: climatic, environmental and human dimensions impacts of the Lakágigar eruption (1783-1784) in Iceland’, in Jones, PD, Ogilvie, AEJ, Davies, TD and Briffa, KR (eds) History and Climate: Memories of the Future, pp 219-46, Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Kluwer
9. Dobson, MJ (1980) ‘Marsh fever - the geography of malaria in England’, Journal of Historical Geography 6, 357-89
10. Dobson, MJ (1997) Contours of Death and Disease in Early Modern England, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
11. Driessen, J (2002) ‘Towards an archaeology of crisis: defining the long term impact of the Bronze Age Santorini eruption’, in Torrence, R and Grattan, JP (eds), Natural Disasters and Cultural Change, pp 252-63, London: Routledge
12. Dugmore, AJ (1989) ‘Icelandic volcanic ash in Scotland’, Scottish Geographical Magazine 105, 168-72
13. Durand, M and Grattan, JP (1999) ‘Extensive respiratory health effects of volcanogenic dry fog in 1783 inferred from European documentary sources’, Environmental Geochemistry and Health 21, 371-76
14. Durand, M and Grattan, JP (2001) ‘Volcanoes, air pollution and health’, The Lancet 357, 164 Gentleman’s Magazine, The. A monthly serial published 1731-1914
15. Grattan, JP and Brayshay, MB (1995) ‘An amazing and portentous summer: environmental and social responses in Britain to the 1783 eruption of an Iceland volcano’, The Geographical Journal 161, 125-34
16. Grattan, JP and Charman, DJ (1994) ‘Non-climatic factors and the environmental impact of volcanic volatiles: implications of the Laki Fissure eruption of AD 1783’, The Holocene 4, 101-16
17. Grattan, JP, Durand, M, Gilbertson, DD, Pyatt, FB and Taylor, S (2003) ‘Long range transport of volcanic gases, human health and mortality: a case study from eighteenth century Europe’, in Geology and Health: Closing the Gap, Skinner, HCW and Anthony Berger, A (eds), pp 19-31, Oxford: Oxford University Press
18. Grattan, JP, Durand, M and Taylor, S (2003) ‘Illness and elevated human mortality coincident with volcanic eruptions’, Volcanic Degassing, Geological Society Special Publication213, 401-14
19. Grattan, JP and Gilbertson, DD (1994) ‘Acid-loading from Icelandic tephra falling on acidified ecosystems as a key to understanding archaeological and environmental stress in northern and western Britain’, Journal of Archaeological Science 21, 851-59
20. Grattan, JP and Gilbertson, DD (2000) ‘Prehistoric “settlement crisis”, environmental changes in the British Isles and volcanic eruptions in Iceland: an exploration of plausible linkages’, in McCoy, F and Heiken, G (eds), Volcanic Hazards and Disasters in Human Antiquity, Geological Society of America Special Paper 345, 33-42
21. Grattan, JP and Pyatt, FB (1994) ‘Acid damage in Europe caused by the Laki Fissure eruption - an historical review’, The Science of the Total Environment 151, 241-47
22. Grattan, JP and Pyatt, FB (1999) ‘Volcanic eruptions, dust veils, dry fogs and the European Palaeoenvironmental record: localised phenomena or hemispheric impacts?’, Global and Planetary Change 21, 173-79
23. Grattan JP, Rabartin, R, Self, S and Thordarson, TH (2005) ‘Volcanic air pollution and mortality in France 1783-84’, Comptes Rendu Geosciences 7, 641-51
24. Grattan, JP and Sadler, J (1998) ‘Regional warming of the lower atmosphere in the wake of volcanic eruptions: the role of the Laki fissure eruption in the hot summer of 1783’, Geological Society Special Publication 161 Volcanoes in the Quaternary, 161, 161-72
25. Grattan, JP, Schuttenhelm, R and Brayshay, M (2002) ‘The end is nigh? Severe social and environmental responses to volcanic pollution of the lower atmosphere: an alternative forcing mechanism for archaeologists and historians’, in Torrence, R and Grattan, JP (eds), Natural Disasters and Cultural Change, pp 87-106, London: Routledge
26. Gunn, JD (2000) The Years without a Summer: Tracing AD 536 and Its Aftermath. British Archaeological Reports International Series 872, Oxford: Archaeopress
27. Hall, VA (2003) ‘Assessing the impact of Icelandic volcanism on vegetation systems in the north of Ireland in the fifth and sixth centuries’, The Holocene 13, 131-38
28. Hammer, CU, Clausen, HB and Dansgaard, W (1981) ‘Past volcanism and climate revealed by Greenland ice cores’, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 11, 3-10
29. Howe, GM (1997) People, environment, disease and death, Cardiff: University of Wales Press
30. Jackson, EL (1982) ‘The Laki eruption of 1783: impacts on population and settlement in Iceland’, Geography 67, 42-50
31. Jacoby, GC, Workman, KW and DArrigo, RD (1999) Laki eruption of 1783, tree-rings and disaster for the NW Alaskan Inuit, Quaternary Science Reviews 18, 1365-71
32. Maddox, J (1984) ‘From Santorini to Armageddon’, Nature 307, 107
33. Oman, L, Robock, A, Stenchikov, GL, Thordarson, T, Koch, D, Shindell, DT and Gao, C (in press) ‘Modelling the distribution of the volcanic aerosol cloud from the 1783-1784 Laki eruption’, Journal of Geophysical Research
34. Oppenheimer, C (2003) ‘Climatic, environmental and human consequences of the largest known historic eruption: Tambora volcano (Indonesia) 1815’, Progress in Physical Geography, 27, 230-59
35. Peiser, BJ, Palmer, T and Bailey, ME (1998) Natural Catastrophes during Bronze Age Civilizations. British Archaeological Reports, International Series 728, Oxford: Archaeopress
36. Pilcher, JR, Hall, VA, and McCormac, FG (1995) ‘Dates of Holocene Icelandic volcanic eruptions from tephra layers in Irish peats’, The Holocene 5, 103-10
37. Rabartin, R and Rocher, P (1993) ‘Les volcans, le climate et la révolution française’, Memoire de l’Association Volcanologique Européenne 1, 1-56
38. Rampino, MR and Ambrose, S (2000) ‘Volcanic winter in the Garden of Eden: the Toba super-eruption and the late Pleistocene human population crash’, in McCoy, F and Heiken, G (eds), Volcanic Hazards and Disasters in Human Antiquity, Geological Society of America Special Paper 345, 71-82
39. Rampino, MR and Self, S (1993) ‘Climate-volcanism feedback and the Toba eruption of ~74000 years ago’, Quaternary Research 40, 269-80
40. Riley, JC (1987) The Eighteenth Century Campaign to Avoid Disease, London: Macmillan
41. Robock, A (2000) ‘Volcanic eruptions and climate’, Reviews of Geophysics 38, 191-219
42. Sadler, J and Grattan, JP (1999) ‘Volcanoes as agents of past environmental change’, Global and Planetary Change 21, 181-96
43. Schofield, R (1998) ‘Parish register aggregate analyses: the “population history of England” database’ Local Population Studies, Supplement
44. Shimoyama, S (2002) ‘Basic characteristics of disasters’, in Torrence, R and Grattan, JP (eds), Natural Disasters and Cultural Change, pp 19-27, London: Routledge
45. Steingrimsson, J (1998) Fires of the Earth: The Laki Eruption 1783-1784,Reykjavik: University of Iceland Press
46. Stothers, RB (1999) ‘Volcanic dry fogs, climate cooling and plague pandemics in Europe and the Middle East’, Climatic Change 42, 713-23
47. Thorarinsson, S (1981) ‘Greetings from Iceland. Ash falls and volcanic aerosols in Scandinavia’, Geografiska Annaler 63A, 109-18
48. Thordarson, T and Self, S (2003) ‘Atmospheric and environmental effects of the 1783-1784 Laki eruption: A review and reassessment’, Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres108, 33-54
49. Torrence, R (2002) ‘What makes a disaster? A long-term view of volcanic eruptions and human responses in Papua New Guinea’, in Torrence, R and Grattan, JP (eds), Natural Disasters and Cultural Change, 292-312, London: Routledge
50. Torrence, R and Grattan, JP (2002) Natural Disasters and Cultural Change, London: Routledge
51. Van Swinden, SP (2002) ‘Observations of the cloud (dry fog) which appeared in June 1783’, Jokull 50, 73-80
52. Van Westeringh, W (2004) ‘De rode loop in Andelst 1783’, Aqua Vitae 7, 22-25
53. Velikovsky, I (1950) Worlds in Collision, London: Gollancz
54. White, GW (1993) The Natural History of Selbourne, London: Thames and Hudson
55. White, RS and Humphreys, CJ (1994) ‘Famines and cataclysmic volcanism’, Geology Today, 94, 181-85
56. Witham, CS and Oppenheimer, C (2005) ‘Mortality in England during the 1783-4 Laki Craters eruption’, Bulletin of Volcanology 67, 15-26
57. World Health Organisation (2004) Heat waves, risks and responses, Geneva WHO
58. Wrigley, EA and Schofield, RS (1989) The Population History of England 1541-1871, London: Edward Arnold