메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2015, Pages 19-47

Ecological knowledge: Foundation for sustainable organic agriculture

Author keywords

Ecological knowledge; Organic farming; Organic research; Organic systems; Sustainable organic agriculture

Indexed keywords


EID: 85102331186     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780891181897.ch02     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (24)

References (115)
  • 1
    • 77954748852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term trends of corn yield and soil organic matt er in different crop sequences and soil fertility treatments on the Morrow plots
    • Aref, S., and M.M. Wander. 1998. Long-term trends of corn yield and soil organic matt er in different crop sequences and soil fertility treatments on the Morrow plots. Adv. Agron. 62:153-197.
    • (1998) Adv. Agron , vol.62 , pp. 153-197
    • Aref, S.1    Wander, M.M.2
  • 2
    • 0000177169 scopus 로고
    • Ecological factors in development of intensive-management ecosystems in midwestern United States
    • Auclair, A.N. 1976. Ecological factors in development of intensive-management ecosystems in midwestern United States. Ecology 57:431-444.
    • (1976) Ecology , vol.57 , pp. 431-444
    • Auclair, A.N.1
  • 3
    • 33847205650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil organic carbon dynamics, functions and management in west African agro-ecosystems
    • Bationo, A., J. Kihara, B. Vanlauwe, B. Waswa, and J. Kimetu. 2007. Soil organic carbon dynamics, functions and management in west African agro-ecosystems. Agric. Syst. 94:13-25.
    • (2007) Agric. Syst , vol.94 , pp. 13-25
    • Bationo, A.1    Kihara, J.2    Vanlauwe, B.3    Waswa, B.4    Kimetu, J.5
  • 4
    • 0038267445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eff ects of long-term crop management on nematode trophic levels other than plant feeders disappear aft er 1 year of disruptive soil management
    • Berkelmans, R., H. Ferris, M. Tenuta, and A.H.C. van Bruggen. 2003. Eff ects of long-term crop management on nematode trophic levels other than plant feeders disappear aft er 1 year of disruptive soil management. Appl. Soil Ecol. 23:223-235.
    • (2003) Appl. Soil Ecol , vol.23 , pp. 223-235
    • Berkelmans, R.1    Ferris, H.2    Tenuta, M.3    van Bruggen, A.H.C.4
  • 6
    • 33244464259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explicit knowledge structures as a tool for overcoming obstacles to interdisciplinary research
    • Boulton, A.J., D. Panizzon, and J. Prior. 2005. Explicit knowledge structures as a tool for overcoming obstacles to interdisciplinary research. Conserv. Biol. 19(6):2026-2029.
    • (2005) Conserv. Biol , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 2026-2029
    • Boulton, A.J.1    Panizzon, D.2    Prior, J.3
  • 7
    • 33750295467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraspecifi c variation in germination response to ammonium nitrate of Powell amaranth (Amaranthus powellii) seeds originating from organic vs
    • Brainard, D.C., A. DiTommaso, and C.L. Mohler. 2006. Intraspecifi c variation in germination response to ammonium nitrate of Powell amaranth (Amaranthus powellii) seeds originating from organic vs. conventional vegetable farms. Weed Sci. 54:435-442.
    • (2006) conventional vegetable farms. Weed Sci , vol.54 , pp. 435-442
    • Brainard, D.C.1    DiTommaso, A.2    Mohler, C.L.3
  • 8
    • 0031410854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From farm to table: The organic vegetable commodity chain of northern California
    • Buck, D., C. Getz, and J. Guthman. 1997. From farm to table: The organic vegetable commodity chain of northern California. Sociol. Ruralis 37:3-20.
    • (1997) Sociol. Ruralis , vol.37 , pp. 3-20
    • Buck, D.1    Getz, C.2    Guthman, J.3
  • 9
    • 0034492080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hares and tortoises: Interactions of fast and slow variables in ecosystems
    • Carpenter, S.R., and M.G. Turner. 2000. Hares and tortoises: Interactions of fast and slow variables in ecosystems. Ecosystems 3:495-497.
    • (2000) Ecosystems , vol.3 , pp. 495-497
    • Carpenter, S.R.1    Turner, M.G.2
  • 10
    • 0035694989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From metaphor to measurement:Resilience of what to what?
    • Carpenter, S., B. Walker, J.M. Anderies, and N. Abel. 2001. From metaphor to measurement:Resilience of what to what? Ecosystems 4:765-781.
    • (2001) Ecosystems , vol.4 , pp. 765-781
    • Carpenter, S.1    Walker, B.2    Anderies, J.M.3    Abel, N.4
  • 11
    • 4143061241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In P. Schjonning, B.T. Christensen, and S. Elmholt (ed.) Managing soil quality: Challenges in modern agriculture. CAB Int., Oxford, UK
    • Carter, M.R., S. Andrews, and L.E. Drinkwater. 2004. System approaches for improving soil quality. p. 261-281. In P. Schjonning, B.T. Christensen, and S. Elmholt (ed.) Managing soil quality: Challenges in modern agriculture. CAB Int., Oxford, UK.
    • (2004) System approaches for improving soil quality , pp. 261-281
    • Carter, M.R.1    Andrews, S.2    Drinkwater, L.E.3
  • 13
    • 0038154158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustainability science: The emerging research program
    • Clark, W.C., and N.M. Dickson. 2003. Sustainability science: The emerging research program. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100:8059-8061.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 8059-8061
    • Clark, W.C.1    Dickson, N.M.2
  • 15
    • 0022178747 scopus 로고
    • Agroecosystem analysis
    • Conway, G.R. 1985. Agroecosystem analysis. Agric. Admin. 20:31-55.
    • (1985) Agric. Admin , vol.20 , pp. 31-55
    • Conway, G.R.1
  • 16
    • 0023482988 scopus 로고
    • The properties of agroecosystems
    • Conway, G.R. 1987. The properties of agroecosystems. Agric. Syst. 24:95-117.
    • (1987) Agric. Syst , vol.24 , pp. 95-117
    • Conway, G.R.1
  • 18
    • 36549071462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remnant grassland habitats as source communities for plant diversifi cation in agricultural landscapes
    • Cousinsa, S.A.O., and R. Lindbor. 2008. Remnant grassland habitats as source communities for plant diversifi cation in agricultural landscapes. Biol. Conserv. 141:233-240.
    • (2008) Biol. Conserv , vol.141 , pp. 233-240
    • Cousinsa, S.A.O.1    Lindbor, R.2
  • 19
    • 40449099591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From population sources to sieves: The matrix alters host-parasitoid source-sink structure
    • Cronin, J.T. 2007. From population sources to sieves: The matrix alters host-parasitoid source-sink structure. Ecology 88:2966-2976.
    • (2007) Ecology , vol.88 , pp. 2966-2976
    • Cronin, J.T.1
  • 20
    • 27244450894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host-parasitoid spatial ecology: A plea for a landscapelevel synthesis
    • Cronin, J.T., and J.D. Reeve. 2005. Host-parasitoid spatial ecology: A plea for a landscapelevel synthesis. Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 272:2225-2235.
    • (2005) Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B , vol.272 , pp. 2225-2235
    • Cronin, J.T.1    Reeve, J.D.2
  • 22
    • 0032426987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil microbial biomass- what do the numbers really mean? Aust
    • Dalal, R.C. 1998. Soil microbial biomass- what do the numbers really mean? Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 38:649-665.
    • (1998) J. Exp. Agric , vol.38 , pp. 649-665
    • Dalal, R.C.1
  • 24
    • 33748083393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weed seedbank and community shift s in a long-term cropping systems experiment
    • Davis, A.S., K.A. Renner, and K.L. Gross. 2005. Weed seedbank and community shift s in a long-term cropping systems experiment. Weed Sci. 53:296-306.
    • (2005) Weed Sci , vol.53 , pp. 296-306
    • Davis, A.S.1    Renner, K.A.2    Gross, K.L.3
  • 25
    • 0036074383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cropping systems research: Reconsidering agricultural experimental approaches
    • Drinkwater, L.E. 2002. Cropping systems research: Reconsidering agricultural experimental approaches. HortTechnology 12:355-361.
    • (2002) HortTechnology , vol.12 , pp. 355-361
    • Drinkwater, L.E.1
  • 26
    • 0028995116 scopus 로고
    • Fundamental diff erences between conventional and organic tomato agroecosystems in California
    • Drinkwater, L.E., D.K. Letourneau, F. Workneh, A.H.C. Vanbruggen, and C. Shennan. 1995. Fundamental diff erences between conventional and organic tomato agroecosystems in California. Ecol. Appl. 5:1098-1112.
    • (1995) Ecol. Appl , vol.5 , pp. 1098-1112
    • Drinkwater, L.E.1    Letourneau, D.K.2    Workneh, F.3    Vanbruggen, A.H.C.4    Shennan, C.5
  • 27
    • 77954462856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In S.S. Snapp and B. Pounds (ed.) Agricultural systems:Agroecology and rural innovation. Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • Drinkwater, L.E., M. Schipanski, S.S. Snapp, and L.E. Jackson. 2008. Ecologically based nutrient management. p. 159-209. In S.S. Snapp and B. Pounds (ed.) Agricultural systems:Agroecology and rural innovation. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
    • (2008) Ecologically based nutrient management , pp. 159-209
    • Drinkwater, L.E.1    Schipanski, M.2    Snapp, S.S.3    Jackson, L.E.4
  • 28
    • 33845627077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrients in agroecosystems: Rethinking the management paradigm
    • Drinkwater, L.E., and S.S. Snapp. 2007. Nutrients in agroecosystems: Rethinking the management paradigm. Adv. Agron. 92:163-186.
    • (2007) Adv. Agron , vol.92 , pp. 163-186
    • Drinkwater, L.E.1    Snapp, S.S.2
  • 29
    • 0032548085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Legume-based cropping systems have reduced carbon and nitrogen losses
    • Drinkwater, L.E., P. Wagoner, and M. Sarrantonio. 1998. Legume-based cropping systems have reduced carbon and nitrogen losses. Nature 396:262-265.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.396 , pp. 262-265
    • Drinkwater, L.E.1    Wagoner, P.2    Sarrantonio, M.3
  • 30
    • 38849143930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant functional composition infl uences rates of soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation
    • Fornara, D.A., and D. Tilman. 2008. Plant functional composition infl uences rates of soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation. J. Ecol. 96:314-322.
    • (2008) J. Ecol , vol.96 , pp. 314-322
    • Fornara, D.A.1    Tilman, D.2
  • 32
    • 33749552816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta diversity at different spatial scales: Plant communities in organic and conventional agriculture
    • Gabriel, D., I. Roschewitz, T. Tscharntke, and C. Thies. 2006. Beta diversity at different spatial scales: Plant communities in organic and conventional agriculture. Ecol. Appl. 16:2011-2021.
    • (2006) Ecol. Appl , vol.16 , pp. 2011-2021
    • Gabriel, D.1    Roschewitz, I.2    Tscharntke, T.3    Thies, C.4
  • 36
    • 0032487859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metapopulation dynamics
    • Hanski, I. 1998. Metapopulation dynamics. Nature 396:41-49.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.396 , pp. 41-49
    • Hanski, I.1
  • 37
    • 0028327867 scopus 로고
    • Fate of legume and fertilizer nitrogen-15 in a long-term cropping systems experiment
    • Harris, G.H., O.B. Hesterman, E.A. Paul, S.E. Peters, and R.R. Janke. 1994. Fate of legume and fertilizer nitrogen-15 in a long-term cropping systems experiment. Agron. J. 86:910-915.
    • (1994) Agron. J , vol.86 , pp. 910-915
    • Harris, G.H.1    Hesterman, O.B.2    Paul, E.A.3    Peters, S.E.4    Janke, R.R.5
  • 38
    • 33845610432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A history of organic farming: Transitions from Sir Albert Howard’s war in the soil to USDA National Organic Program
    • Heckman, J. 2006. A history of organic farming: Transitions from Sir Albert Howard’s war in the soil to USDA National Organic Program. Renewable Agric. Food Syst. 21:143-150.
    • (2006) Renewable Agric. Food Syst , vol.21 , pp. 143-150
    • Heckman, J.1
  • 39
    • 84879940564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptual models as tools for communication across disciplines
    • Heemskerk, M., K. Wilson, and M. Pavao-Zuckerman. 2003. Conceptual models as tools for communication across disciplines. Conserv. Ecol. 7(3):8.
    • (2003) Conserv. Ecol , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 8
    • Heemskerk, M.1    Wilson, K.2    Pavao-Zuckerman, M.3
  • 40
    • 38149070985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative food webs of lepidopteran leafminers and their parasitoids in a Japanese deciduous forest
    • Hirao, T., and M. Murakami. 2008. Quantitative food webs of lepidopteran leafminers and their parasitoids in a Japanese deciduous forest. Ecol. Res. 23:159-168.
    • (2008) Ecol. Res , vol.23 , pp. 159-168
    • Hirao, T.1    Murakami, M.2
  • 41
    • 1842434257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The plastic plant: Root responses to heterogeneous supplies of nutrients
    • Hodge, A. 2004. The plastic plant: Root responses to heterogeneous supplies of nutrients. New Phytol. 162:9-24.
    • (2004) New Phytol , vol.162 , pp. 9-24
    • Hodge, A.1
  • 42
    • 0027101174 scopus 로고
    • Cross-scale morphology, geometry, and dynamics of ecosystems
    • Holling, C.S. 1992. Cross-scale morphology, geometry, and dynamics of ecosystems. Ecol. Monogr. 62:447-502.
    • (1992) Ecol. Monogr , vol.62 , pp. 447-502
    • Holling, C.S.1
  • 43
    • 0029773717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Command and control and the pathology of natural resource management
    • Holling, C.S., and G.K. Meff e. 1996. Command and control and the pathology of natural resource management. Conserv. Biol. 10:328-337.
    • (1996) Conserv. Biol , vol.10 , pp. 328-337
    • Holling, C.S.1    Meffe, G.K.2
  • 45
    • 0000383912 scopus 로고
    • Pseudoreplication and the design of ecological fi eld experiments
    • Hurlbert, S.H. 1984. Pseudoreplication and the design of ecological fi eld experiments. Ecol. Monogr. 54:187-211.
    • (1984) Ecol. Monogr , vol.54 , pp. 187-211
    • Hurlbert, S.H.1
  • 46
    • 34249855234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology and beyond: The science of “back to nature” farming in the United States
    • Ingram, M. 2007. Biology and beyond: The science of “back to nature” farming in the United States. Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. 97:298-312.
    • (2007) Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr , vol.97 , pp. 298-312
    • Ingram, M.1
  • 48
    • 33947157211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utilizing and conserving agrobiodiversity in agricultural landscapes
    • Jackson, L.E., U. Pascual, and T. Hodgkin. 2007b. Utilizing and conserving agrobiodiversity in agricultural landscapes. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 121:196-210.
    • (2007) Agric. Ecosyst. Environ , vol.121 , pp. 196-210
    • Jackson, L.E.1    Pascual, U.2    Hodgkin, T.3
  • 49
    • 0024899303 scopus 로고
    • The nitrogen-cycle in the Broadbalk wheat experiment:A model for the turnover of nitrogen through the soil microbial biomass
    • Jenkinson, D.S., and L.C. Parry. 1989. The nitrogen-cycle in the Broadbalk wheat experiment:A model for the turnover of nitrogen through the soil microbial biomass. Soil Biol. Biochem. 21:535-541.
    • (1989) Soil Biol. Biochem , vol.21 , pp. 535-541
    • Jenkinson, D.S.1    Parry, L.C.2
  • 51
    • 0036218502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putt ing food production in context: Toward a postmechanistic agricultural ethic
    • Keller, D.R., and E.C. Brummer. 2002. Putt ing food production in context: Toward a postmechanistic agricultural ethic. Bioscience 52:264-271.
    • (2002) Bioscience , vol.52 , pp. 264-271
    • Keller, D.R.1    Brummer, E.C.2
  • 54
    • 33645227458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced nitrate leaching and enhanced denitrifi er activity and effi ciency in organically fertilized soils
    • Kramer, S.B., J.P. Reganold, J.D. Glover, B.J.M. Bohannan, and H.A. Mooney. 2006. Reduced nitrate leaching and enhanced denitrifi er activity and effi ciency in organically fertilized soils. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:4522-4527.
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , pp. 4522-4527
    • Kramer, S.B.1    Reganold, J.P.2    Glover, J.D.3    Bohannan, B.J.M.4    Mooney, H.A.5
  • 55
    • 33847175610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life cycle of the corn-soybean agroecosystem for biobased production
    • Landis, A.E., S.A. Miller, and T.L. Theis. 2007. Life cycle of the corn-soybean agroecosystem for biobased production. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41:1457-1464.
    • (2007) Environ. Sci. Technol , vol.41 , pp. 1457-1464
    • Landis, A.E.1    Miller, S.A.2    Theis, T.L.3
  • 56
    • 27644591943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practicing interdisciplinarity
    • Lele, S., and R.B. Norgaard. 2005. Practicing interdisciplinarity. Bioscience 55:967-975.
    • (2005) Bioscience , vol.55 , pp. 967-975
    • Lele, S.1    Norgaard, R.B.2
  • 57
    • 0002009891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In L.E. Jackson (ed.) Ecology in agriculture. Academic Press, San Diego, CA
    • Letourneau, D.K. 1997. Plant-arthropod interactions in agroecosystems. p. 239-290. In L.E. Jackson (ed.) Ecology in agriculture. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
    • (1997) Plant-arthropod interactions in agroecosystems , pp. 239-290
    • Letourneau, D.K.1
  • 58
    • 53249121582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of organic and conventional farms:Challenging ecologists to make biodiversity functional
    • Letourneau, D.K., and S.G. Bothwell. 2008. Comparison of organic and conventional farms:Challenging ecologists to make biodiversity functional. Frontiers Ecol. Environ. 8:430-438.
    • (2008) Frontiers Ecol. Environ , vol.8 , pp. 430-438
    • Letourneau, D.K.1    Bothwell, S.G.2
  • 60
    • 34547427284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity enhances agricultural productivity via rhizosphere phosphorus facilitation on phosphorusdefi cient soils
    • Li, L., S. Li, J. Sun, L. Zhou, X. Bao, H. Zhang, and F. Zhang. 2007. Diversity enhances agricultural productivity via rhizosphere phosphorus facilitation on phosphorusdefi cient soils. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:11192-11196.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.104 , pp. 11192-11196
    • Li, L.1    Li, S.2    Sun, J.3    Zhou, L.4    Bao, X.5    Zhang, H.6    Zhang, F.7
  • 62
    • 77956291796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In C. Francis (ed.) Ecology in organic farming systems. Agron. Monogr. 54. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI. (This volume.)
    • Liebman, M., and A.S. Davis. 2009. Managing weeds in organic farming systems: An ecological approach. p. 173-196. In C. Francis (ed.) Ecology in organic farming systems. Agron. Monogr. 54. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI. (This volume.)
    • (2009) Managing weeds in organic farming systems: An ecological approach , pp. 173-196
    • Liebman, M.1    Davis, A.S.2
  • 64
    • 0003597846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Participatory Research and Gender Analysis Working Document 6. Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research. CIAT, Cali, Colombia
    • Lilja, N., and J.A. Ashby. 1999. Types of participatory research based on locus of decision making. Participatory Research and Gender Analysis Working Document 6. Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research. CIAT, Cali, Colombia.
    • (1999) Types of participatory research based on locus of decision making
    • Lilja, N.1    Ashby, J.A.2
  • 65
    • 0019382089 scopus 로고
    • Organic farming in the corn belt
    • Lockeretz, W., G. Shearer, and D.H. Kohl. 1981. Organic farming in the corn belt. Science 211:540-547.
    • (1981) Science , vol.211 , pp. 540-547
    • Lockeretz, W.1    Shearer, G.2    Kohl, D.H.3
  • 69
    • 35148816073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch confi guration non-linearly aff ects sediment loss across scales in a grazed catchment in north-east Australia
    • Ludwig, J.A., R. Bartley, A.A. Hawdon, B.N. Abbott, and D. McJannet. 2007. Patch confi guration non-linearly aff ects sediment loss across scales in a grazed catchment in north-east Australia. Ecosystems 10:839-845.
    • (2007) Ecosystems , vol.10 , pp. 839-845
    • Ludwig, J.A.1    Bartley, R.2    Hawdon, A.A.3    Abbott, B.N.4    McJannet, D.5
  • 70
    • 0000068405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eff ect of landscape structure on parasitoid diversity and parasitism in agroecosystems
    • Marino, P.C., and D.A. Landis. 1996. Eff ect of landscape structure on parasitoid diversity and parasitism in agroecosystems. Ecol. Appl. 6:276-284.
    • (1996) Ecol. Appl , vol.6 , pp. 276-284
    • Marino, P.C.1    Landis, D.A.2
  • 71
    • 34249904953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wild oat (Avena fatua) seed bank dynamics in transition to organic wheat production systems
    • Maxwell, B.D., R.G. Smith, and M. Brelsford. 2007. Wild oat (Avena fatua) seed bank dynamics in transition to organic wheat production systems. Weed Sci. 55:212-217.
    • (2007) Weed Sci , vol.55 , pp. 212-217
    • Maxwell, B.D.1    Smith, R.G.2    Brelsford, M.3
  • 73
    • 0038007974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal variation in the response of parasitoids to agricultural landscape structure
    • Menalled, F.D., A.C. Costamagna, P.C. Marino, and D.A. Landis. 2003. Temporal variation in the response of parasitoids to agricultural landscape structure. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 96:29-35.
    • (2003) Agric. Ecosyst. Environ , vol.96 , pp. 29-35
    • Menalled, F.D.1    Costamagna, A.C.2    Marino, P.C.3    Landis, D.A.4
  • 74
    • 0004530587 scopus 로고
    • Swine waste disposal dilemma: A case study
    • Mikkelsen, R.L. 1995. Swine waste disposal dilemma: A case study. J. Nat. Resour. Life Sci. Educ. 24:169-172.
    • (1995) J. Nat. Resour. Life Sci. Educ , vol.24 , pp. 169-172
    • Mikkelsen, R.L.1
  • 77
    • 34248512718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of varietal adaptation to organic farming systems
    • Murphy, K.M., K.G. Campbell, S.R. Lyon, and S.S. Jones. 2007. Evidence of varietal adaptation to organic farming systems. Field Crops Res. 102:172-177.
    • (2007) Field Crops Res , vol.102 , pp. 172-177
    • Murphy, K.M.1    Campbell, K.G.2    Lyon, S.R.3    Jones, S.S.4
  • 78
    • 0035676570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors aff ecting nutrient application rates within three midwestern watersheds
    • Napier, T.L., and M. Tucker. 2001. Factors aff ecting nutrient application rates within three midwestern watersheds. J. Soil Water Conserv. 56:220-228.
    • (2001) J. Soil Water Conserv , vol.56 , pp. 220-228
    • Napier, T.L.1    Tucker, M.2
  • 79
    • 0348010546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rooted in grass: Challenging patt erns of knowledge exchange as a means of fostering social change in a southeast Minnesota farm community
    • Nerbonne, J.F., and R. Lentz. 2003. Rooted in grass: Challenging patt erns of knowledge exchange as a means of fostering social change in a southeast Minnesota farm community. Agric. Human Values 20:65-78.
    • (2003) Agric. Human Values , vol.20 , pp. 65-78
    • Nerbonne, J.F.1    Lentz, R.2
  • 80
    • 0035663040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is it time to bury the ecosystem concept? (With full military honors of course!)
    • O’ Neill, R.V. 2001. Is it time to bury the ecosystem concept? (With full military honors of course!). Ecology 82:3275-3284.
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 3275-3284
    • O’Neill, R.V.1
  • 81
    • 85102331626 scopus 로고
    • In R. Lowrance, B.R. Stinner, and G. House (ed.) Agricultural ecosystems: Unifying concepts. John Wiley & Sons, New York
    • Odum, E.P. 1984. Properties of agroecosystems. p. 5-11. In R. Lowrance, B.R. Stinner, and G. House (ed.) Agricultural ecosystems: Unifying concepts. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
    • (1984) Properties of agroecosystems , pp. 5-11
    • Odum, E.P.1
  • 83
    • 67649688631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The farm as organism: The foundational idea of organic agriculture
    • Paull, J. 2006. The farm as organism: The foundational idea of organic agriculture. Elementals J. Bio-Dynamics Tasmania. 80:14-18.
    • (2006) Elementals J. Bio-Dynamics Tasmania , vol.80 , pp. 14-18
    • Paull, J.1
  • 86
    • 0033664423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of soil organic matt er associated with particle-size fractions of water-stable aggregates
    • Puget, P., C. Chenu, and J. Balesdent. 2000. Dynamics of soil organic matt er associated with particle-size fractions of water-stable aggregates. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 51:595-605.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Soil Sci , vol.51 , pp. 595-605
    • Puget, P.1    Chenu, C.2    Balesdent, J.3
  • 87
    • 0034967638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term dynamics of root and shoot-derived carbon from a leguminous green manure
    • Puget, P., and L.E. Drinkwater. 2001. Short-term dynamics of root and shoot-derived carbon from a leguminous green manure. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 65:771-779.
    • (2001) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J , vol.65 , pp. 771-779
    • Puget, P.1    Drinkwater, L.E.2
  • 89
    • 0027336465 scopus 로고
    • Soil quality and financial performance of biodynamic and conventional farms in New Zealand
    • Reganold, J.P., A.S. Palmer, J.C. Lockhart, and A.N. Macgregor. 1993. Soil quality and financial performance of biodynamic and conventional farms in New Zealand. Science 260:344-349.
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 344-349
    • Reganold, J.P.1    Palmer, A.S.2    Lockhart, J.C.3    Macgregor, A.N.4
  • 90
    • 85102323176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at, (verifi ed 23 June 2009). Kellogg Biological Station Long-Term Ecological Research Program, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing
    • Robertson, R.P. 2008. The KBS LTER site: Long-term ecological research in row crop agriculture. Available at http://lter.kbs.msu.edu (verifi ed 23 June 2009). Kellogg Biological Station Long-Term Ecological Research Program, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing.
    • (2008) The KBS LTER site: Long-term ecological research in row crop agriculture
    • Robertson, R.P.1
  • 91
    • 0035121543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source-sink dynamics for a generalist insect predator in habitats with strong higher-order predation
    • Rosenheim, J.A. 2001. Source-sink dynamics for a generalist insect predator in habitats with strong higher-order predation. Ecol. Monogr. 71:93-116.
    • (2001) Ecol. Monogr , vol.71 , pp. 93-116
    • Rosenheim, J.A.1
  • 92
    • 38249042707 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of a metapopulation with space-limited subpopulations
    • Roughgarden, J., and Y. Iwasa. 1986. Dynamics of a metapopulation with space-limited subpopulations. Theor. Popul. Biol. 29:235-261.
    • (1986) Theor. Popul. Biol , vol.29 , pp. 235-261
    • Roughgarden, J.1    Iwasa, Y.2
  • 93
    • 1642465463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen mineralization: Challenges of a changing paradigm
    • Schimel, J.P., and J. Bennett. 2004. Nitrogen mineralization: Challenges of a changing paradigm. Ecology 85:591-602.
    • (2004) Ecology , vol.85 , pp. 591-602
    • Schimel, J.P.1    Bennett, J.2
  • 95
    • 33947250692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of syrphid predators of Nasonovia ribisnigri in organic lett uce on the Central Coast of California
    • Smith, H.A., and W.E. Chaney. 2007. A survey of syrphid predators of Nasonovia ribisnigri in organic lett uce on the Central Coast of California. J. Econ. Entomol. 100:39-48.
    • (2007) J. Econ. Entomol , vol.100 , pp. 39-48
    • Smith, H.A.1    Chaney, W.E.2
  • 96
    • 28444442732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial heterogeneity and soil nitrogen dynamics in a burned black spruce forest stand:Distinct controls at different scales
    • Smithwick, E.A.H., M.C. Mack, M.G. Turner, F.S. Chapin, J. Zhu, and T.C. Balser. 2005. Spatial heterogeneity and soil nitrogen dynamics in a burned black spruce forest stand:Distinct controls at different scales. Biogeochemistry 76:517-537.
    • (2005) Biogeochemistry , vol.76 , pp. 517-537
    • Smithwick, E.A.H.1    Mack, M.C.2    Turner, M.G.3    Chapin, F.S.4    Zhu, J.5    Balser, T.C.6
  • 97
    • 0036788032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Farmer and researcher partnerships in Malawi: Developing soil fertility technologies for the nearterm and far-term
    • Snapp, S., G. Kanyama-Phiri, B. Kamanga, R. Gilbert, and K. Wellard. 2002. Farmer and researcher partnerships in Malawi: Developing soil fertility technologies for the nearterm and far-term. Exp. Agric. 38:411-431.
    • (2002) Exp. Agric , vol.38 , pp. 411-431
    • Snapp, S.1    Kanyama-Phiri, G.2    Kamanga, B.3    Gilbert, R.4    Wellard, K.5
  • 99
    • 0034578517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of rotational grazing and riparian buff ers on physicochemical and biological characteristics of southeastern Minnesota, USA, streams
    • Sovell, L.A., B. Vondracek, J.A. Frost, and K.G. Mumford. 2000. Impacts of rotational grazing and riparian buff ers on physicochemical and biological characteristics of southeastern Minnesota, USA, streams. Environ. Manage. 6:629-641.
    • (2000) Environ. Manage , vol.6 , pp. 629-641
    • Sovell, L.A.1    Vondracek, B.2    Frost, J.A.3    Mumford, K.G.4
  • 100
    • 0036861385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil microbial community composition and land use history in cultivated and grassland ecosystems of coastal California
    • Steenwerth, K.L., L.E. Jackson, F.J. Calderon, M.R. Stromberg, and K.M. Scow. 2002. Soil microbial community composition and land use history in cultivated and grassland ecosystems of coastal California. Soil Biol. Biochem. 34:1599-1611.
    • (2002) Soil Biol. Biochem , vol.34 , pp. 1599-1611
    • Steenwerth, K.L.1    Jackson, L.E.2    Calderon, F.J.3    Stromberg, M.R.4    Scow, K.M.5
  • 101
    • 0032523047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agricultural chemical movement through a fi eld-size watershed in Iowa: Subsurface hydrology and distribution of nitrate in groundwater
    • Steinheimer, T.R., K.D. Scoggin, and L.A. Kramer. 1998. Agricultural chemical movement through a fi eld-size watershed in Iowa: Subsurface hydrology and distribution of nitrate in groundwater. Environ. Sci. Technol. 32:1039-1047.
    • (1998) Environ. Sci. Technol , vol.32 , pp. 1039-1047
    • Steinheimer, T.R.1    Scoggin, K.D.2    Kramer, L.A.3
  • 102
    • 0002336806 scopus 로고
    • An interdisciplinary, experiment station-based participatory comparison of alternative crop management systems for California’s Sacramento Valley
    • Temple, S.R., D.B. Friedman, O. Somasco, H. Ferris, K. Scow, and K. Klonsky. 1994. An interdisciplinary, experiment station-based participatory comparison of alternative crop management systems for California’s Sacramento Valley. Am. J. Alternative Agric. 9:64-71.
    • (1994) Am. J. Alternative Agric , vol.9 , pp. 64-71
    • Temple, S.R.1    Friedman, D.B.2    Somasco, O.3    Ferris, H.4    Scow, K.5    Klonsky, K.6
  • 103
    • 40449123008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do source-sink dynamics promote the spread of an invasive grass into a novel habitat?
    • Thomson, D.M. 2007. Do source-sink dynamics promote the spread of an invasive grass into a novel habitat? Ecology 88:3126-3134.
    • (2007) Ecology , vol.88 , pp. 3126-3134
    • Thomson, D.M.1
  • 105
    • 85102328643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at, (verifi ed 20 July 2009)
    • USDA. 2009. National organic standards. Available at http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/ text/text-idx?type=simplec=ecfr;cc=ecfr;sid=4163ddc3518c1ffdc539675aed8efe33; region=DIV1;q1=national%20organic%20program;rgn=div5;view=text;idno=7;node= 7%3A3.1.1.9.31 (verifi ed 20 July 2009).
    • (2009) National organic standards
  • 107
    • 25144517720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A methodological approach to assess cross-scale relations and interactions in agricultural ecosystems of Argentina
    • Viglizzo, E.F., A.J. Pordomingo, D. Buschiazzo, and M.G. Castro. 2005. A methodological approach to assess cross-scale relations and interactions in agricultural ecosystems of Argentina. Ecosystems 8:546-558.
    • (2005) Ecosystems , vol.8 , pp. 546-558
    • Viglizzo, E.F.1    Pordomingo, A.J.2    Buschiazzo, D.3    Castro, M.G.4
  • 108
    • 36549035755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of glyphosate-resistant Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in glyphosate-resistant soybean
    • Vila-Aiub, M.M., M.C. Balbi, P.E. Gundel, C.M. Ghersa, and S.B. Powles. 2007. Evolution of glyphosate-resistant Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in glyphosate-resistant soybean. Weed Sci. 55:566-571.
    • (2007) Weed Sci , vol.55 , pp. 566-571
    • Vila-Aiub, M.M.1    Balbi, M.C.2    Gundel, P.E.3    Ghersa, C.M.4    Powles, S.B.5
  • 109
    • 85102158959 scopus 로고
    • In D.F. Bezdicek and J.F. Power (ed.) Organic farming: Current technology and its role in a sustainable agriculture. ASA Spec. Publ. 46. ASA, Madison, WI
    • Vogtmann, H. 1984. Organic farming practices and research in Europe. p. 19-36. In D.F. Bezdicek and J.F. Power (ed.) Organic farming: Current technology and its role in a sustainable agriculture. ASA Spec. Publ. 46. ASA, Madison, WI.
    • (1984) Organic farming practices and research in Europe , pp. 19-36
    • Vogtmann, H.1
  • 110
    • 38349004359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visions of the middle landscape: Organic farming and the politics of nature
    • Vos, T. 2000. Visions of the middle landscape: Organic farming and the politics of nature. Agric. Human Values 17:245-256.
    • (2000) Agric. Human Values , vol.17 , pp. 245-256
    • Vos, T.1
  • 111
    • 0032845527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil quality assessment in Illinois
    • Wander, M.M., and G.A. Bollero. 1999. Soil quality assessment in Illinois. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 63:961-971.
    • (1999) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J , vol.63 , pp. 961-971
    • Wander, M.M.1    Bollero, G.A.2
  • 112
    • 0028165572 scopus 로고
    • Organic and conventional management effects on biologically-active soil organic-matt er pools
    • Wander, M.M., S.J. Traina, B.R. Stinner, and S.E. Peters. 1994. Organic and conventional management effects on biologically-active soil organic-matt er pools. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 58:1130-1139.
    • (1994) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J , vol.58 , pp. 1130-1139
    • Wander, M.M.1    Traina, S.J.2    Stinner, B.R.3    Peters, S.E.4
  • 113
    • 34248366497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic N and particulate organic matt er fractions in organic and conventional farming systems with a history of manure application
    • Wander, M.M., W. Yun, W.A. Goldstein, S. Aref, and S.A. Khan. 2007. Organic N and particulate organic matt er fractions in organic and conventional farming systems with a history of manure application. Plant Soil 291:311-321.
    • (2007) Plant Soil , vol.291 , pp. 311-321
    • Wander, M.M.1    Yun, W.2    Goldstein, W.A.3    Aref, S.4    Khan, S.A.5
  • 114
    • 33744784820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extending agroecology: Grower participation in partnerships is key to social learning
    • Warner, K.D. 2006. Extending agroecology: Grower participation in partnerships is key to social learning. Renewable Agric. Food Syst. 21:84-94.
    • (2006) Renewable Agric. Food Syst , vol.21 , pp. 84-94
    • Warner, K.D.1
  • 115
    • 33644832410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are many litt le hammers eff ective?- Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) population dynamics in two- and four-year crop rotation systems
    • Westerman, P., M. Liebman, F.D. Menalled, A.H. Heggenstaller, R.G. Hartzler, and P.M. Dixon. 2005. Are many litt le hammers eff ective?- Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) population dynamics in two- and four-year crop rotation systems. Weed Sci. 53:382-392.
    • (2005) Weed Sci , vol.53 , pp. 382-392
    • Westerman, P.1    Liebman, M.2    Menalled, F.D.3    Heggenstaller, A.H.4    Hartzler, R.G.5    Dixon, P.M.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.