Studies in rheoencephalography (REG)

Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2020, Pages 18-40

  Bodo, Michael ^a  

^a NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Arteriosclerosis; Carotid flow; Cerebral blood flow autoregulation; Expert system; Intracranial pressure; Neuro monitoring; REG data processing; Rheoencephalography

Indexed keywords

EID: 85084399814     PISSN: None     EISSN: 18915469     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5617/jeb.142     Document Type: Review

References (122)

1. Benabid AL, Balme L, Persat JC et al. Electrical impedance brain scanner: principles and preliminary results of simulation. TIT J Life Sci. 1978;8:59-68.
2. Anonymus. Solicitation: OSD09-H06 Neuromonitoring of traumatic brain/blast injury. Office of the Secretary Of Defense Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) FY2009.3 http://www.acq.osd.mil/osbp/sbir/solicitations/ sbir093/osd093.htm.
3. Anonymous. Rheoencephalography. In: Grimnes S, Martinsen OG, editors. Bioimpedance and bioelectricity basics, 2nd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 351 - 353. 2008.
4. Rubin M, Yo M, Agostini M A, Madden J, Diaz-Arrastia RR. Noninvasive Monitoring. In: Jallo J, Loftus CM editors. Neurotrauma and critical care of the brain, Thieme, New York, 2009.
5. Patterson R. Bioelectric impedance measurement. In: Bronzino JD, editor. The biomedical engineering handbook. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 1995. pp 1223-1230.
6. Geddes LA, Baker LE. Principles of applied biomedical instrumentation. New York: Wiley; 1989.
7. Ringelstein EB, Van Eyck S, Mertens I. Evaluation of cerebral vasomotor reactivity by various vasodilating stimuli: comparison of CO2 to acetazolamide. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1992;12:162-8.
8. Vastagh I, Pozsár M, Folyovich A, Debreczeni R, Pálvölgyi L, Bereczki D, Szirmai I. Intracerebral steal after acetazolamide administration. Ideggyogy Sz. 2008;61:168-73.
9. Anonymous. 21CFR882.1825. Rheoencephalograph. (a) Identification. Code of Federal Regulations. Sec. 882.1825. Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, Vol. 8. Title 21, Parts 800 to 1299; revised April 1, 1997.
10. Waltz AG, Ray CD. Impedance cephalography ("rheoencephalography"). Trans Am Neurol Assoc. 1965;90:305-7.
11. Waltz AG, Ray CD. Inadequacy of "rheoencephalography". A clinical study of impedance cephalography for evaluation of cerebrovascular disorders. Arch. Neurol. 1967;16:94-102.
12. Nyboer J. Regional pulse volume and perfusion flow measurement. AMA Arch Internat Med 1960;105: 264-76.
13. Jenkner FL. Clinical Rheonecephalography. Vienna, Austria: Ertldruck; 1986.
14. Moskalenko YE. Editor. Biophysical aspects of cerebral circulation. Oxford: Pergamon; 1980.
15. McHenry LC. Rheoencephalography: a clinical appraisal. Neurology. 1965;15:507-17.
16. Hadjiev D. A new method for quantitative evaluation of cerebral blood flow by rheoencephalography. Brain Res. 1968;8:213-5.
17. Jacquy J et al. Cerebral blood flow and quantitative rheoencephalography. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 1974;37:501-11.
18. Jacquy J, Charles P, Piraux A, Noel G. Relationship between the electroencephalogram and the rheoencephalogram in the normal young adult. Neuropsychobiol, 1980;6:341-348.
19. Markovich S, Scheinberg P, Shafey S, Namon R, Sano R. Clinical monopolar rheoencephalography. J. Neurol. Sci. 1967;5:267-72.
20. Seipel JH. The biophysical basis and clinical applications of rheoencephalography. Neurology. 1967;17:443-51.
21. Namon R, Gollan F, Shimojyo S, Sano RM, Markovich SE, Scheinberg P. Basic studies in rheoencephalography. Neurology. 1967;17:239-52.
22. Lifshitz K. Rheoencephalography. I. Review of the technique. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 1963;136:388-98.
23. Lifshitz K. Rheoencephalography. II. Survey of clinical applications. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 1963;137:285-96.
24. Lehner H, Geyer N, Lugaresi E (eds). Rheoencephalography and plethysmographic methods. Excerpta, Amsterdam. 1969.
25. Yarullin HH. Clinical rheoencephalography. Medicina, Leningrad. 1967.
26. Geddes LA, Hoff HE, Hall CW, Millar HD. Rheoencephalography. Cardiovasc Res Cent Bull. 1964;44:112-22.
27. Polzer K, Schuhfried F. [Development and technic of rheography.] Wien Med Wochenschr. 1962;112:153-5. [Article in German]
28. Perez-Borja C, Meyer JS. A critical evaluation of rheoencephalography in control subjects and in proven cases of cerebrovascular disease. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 1964;27:66-72.
29. Markovich SE. International conference on bioelectrical impedance. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1970:170:407-837.
30. Eniya GI. Rheography as method of evaluation of cerebral blood flow (in Russian). Riga: Zinatne, 1973.
31. Naumenko AI, Skotnikov VV. Basics of Electroplethysmography (in Russian). Medicina, Leningrad. 1975.
32. Bodo M, Racz J, Ilias L, Pasztor A, Vajda J, Weinstein GB, Pasztor E, Moskalenko YE. Rheoencephalographic changes during increased intracranial pressure. In: Krieglstein J. editor. Pharmacology of Cerebral Ischemia. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1986. pp 265-269.
33. Bodo M: Features of dynamics of rheoencephalographic parameters: experimental and clinical study. Ph.D. dissertation in Russian. Sechenov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, St. Petersburg; Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 1990.
34. Bodo M, Thuroczy G, Nagy I, Peredi J, Sipos K, Harcos P, Nagy Z, Voros J, Zoltai L, Ozsvald L: A complex cerebrovascular screening system. In: Lahtinen T. editor: Proceeding of the 8th International Conference on Electrical Bio- Impedance. July 28-31. Kuopio, Finland, 1992. pp 88-90.
35. Bodo M, Nagy I, Peredi J, Thuroczy G, Ozsvald L, inventors. Process and equipment for diagnosing circulation (cerebrovascular) disorders. Hungarian patent P 92 01 1079. 1992 Mar 31; International patent PCT/HU 93/00006; PCT Pub. No: WO 93/19665. US patent, 5, 584, 297. 1996 Dec 17.
36. Bodo M, Thuroczy G, Nagy I, Peredi J, Sipos K, Harcos P, Nagy Z, Voros J, Zoltai L, Ozsvald L. A complex cerebrovascular screening system (Cerberus). Medical Progress through Technology 1995;21:53-66.
37. Kornhauser SH. Cerebrovascular diagnostic system. American Journal of Electromedicine, 1997 June: pp 69-71.
38. Bodo M, Thuroczy G, Brockbank K, Sipos K. Cerebrovascular aging assessment by Cerberus. In: Klatz R, Goldman R. editors Anti-aging medical therapeutics, vol. II. Health Quest, Marina Del Rey, CA, 1998;13:86-95.
39. Sipos K, Bodo M, May Z, Lendvai B, Piros A, Spitzer N, Pataky I, Nagy Z, Banyasz A. Risk of mental disorders, their changes and somatic consideration in rural Hungary. Ideggyogy Sz, 2008;61:97-105.
40. Bodo M, Thuroczy G, Panczel G, Sipos K, Ilias L, Szonyi P, Bodo M Jr, Nebella T, Banyasz A, Nagy Z. Prevalence of stroke/cardiovascular risk factors in rural Hungary - a crosssectional descriptive study. Ideggyogy Sz, 2008;61:87-96.
41. Kabakcioglu M, Douligeris C, Bodo M, Thuroczy G. Application of machine learning and expert system methods for automated cerebrovascular screening. 2nd Hungarian Stroke Conference, Debrecen, Dec. 1-3. 1994, Poster # 46.
42. Bodo M, Pearce FJ, Sowd M. In vitro and in vivo studies for a bio-impedance vital-sign monitor. Technical report; Defense Technical Information Center; DTIC# ADA460555 Fort Belvoir, VA. 2006. http://www.dtic.mil/cgibin/ GetTRDoc?AD=ADA460555&Location=U2&doc=Get TRDoc.pdf
43. Szalay P, Sipos K, Szucs L, Bodo M, Sowd M, Pearce FJ. REG can be used to detect cerebrovascular alteration caused by alcoholism. Acta Physiol Hung, 2006;93:117-130.
44. Szalay P, Bodo M, Sipos K, Szucs A. Correlation of anxiety and cerebrovascular disorder and the effect of physical activity in alcoholic patients. In: Hughes M, Dancs H, Nagyvradi K, editors: Research in sport science. Cardiff, UK, Data2Win, 2009. pp 209-221.
45. Thuróczy G, Kubinyi Gy, Sinay H, Bakos J, Sipos K, Lénárt Á. Szabó L.D. (1999): Human electrophysiological studies on influence of RF exposure emitted by GSM cellular phones. In: Bersani F. editor. Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine. Plenum Press, Oxford, pp 721-724.
46. Bodo M, Racz J, Moskalenko YE, Feher Z, Reiman K, Ilias L: Impedance and metabolic changes during increased intracranial pressure. 6th Int'l Conference on Bio-Impedance, Zadar (YU). In: Baturic P editor. Med. Jadertina, 1983; Suppl. 15: p 380.
47. Bodo M, Pearce FJ, Montgomery LD, Rosenthal M, Kubinyi G, Thuroczy G, Braisted J, Forcino D, Morrissette C, Nagy I. Measurement of brain electrical impedance: animal studies in rheoencephalography. Aviat Space Environ Med 2003;74:506-511.
48. Bodo M, Pearce FJ, Armonda RA. Cerebral blood flow changes: rat studies in rheoencephalography Physiol. Meas. 2004;25;1371-84
49. Thuroczy G, Kubinyi G, Bodo M, Bakos J, Szabo LD: Simultaneous response of brain electrical activity (EEG) and cerebral circulation (REG) to microwave exposure in rats. Reviews on Environmental Health, 1994;10:135-148.
50. Thuroczy G, Bodo M, Kubinyi G, Bakos J, Szabo LD. Rheoencephalogram and EEG activity increasing after microwave exposure on rats. In: Lahtinen T. editor. Proceeding of the 8th International Conference on Electrical Bio- Impedance. 1992 July 28-31. Kuopio, Finland, pp 92-94.
51. Thuroczy G, Szabo LD, Kubinyi G, Bakos J and Bodo M: Correlation between cerebral circulation and electrical activity (EEG) in the regulatory physiological mechanism of the central nervous system after microwave exposure of rats. In: Blank M. editor. Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine, San Francisco Press, 1993. Pp 743-747.
52. Bodo M, Thuroczy G, Kubinyi G, Bakos J, Szabo LD: Slight polygraphic changes during microwave irradiation. VIIth Int'l Conf. on Bio-Impedance, Klagenfurt, A, 1987.
53. Bodo M, Pearce FJ, Baranyi L, Armonda RA. Changes in the intracranial rheoencephalogram at lower limit of cerebral blood flow autoregulation. Physiol Meas, 2005;26:S1-S17.
54. Bodo M, Szebeni J, Baranyi J, Savay S, Pearce FJ, Alving CR, Bünger R. Cerebrovascular involvement in liposome - induced cardiopulmonary distress in pigs. J Liposome Res, 2005;15: 3-14.
55. Bodo M, Pearce F, Garcia A, Van Albert S, Settle T, Szebeni J, Baranyi L, Hartings J, Armonda R. In vivo cerebral blood flow autoregulation studies using rheoencephalography. International Conference on Electrical Bioimpedance, Apr. 4-8, 2010. Gainesville, FL. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2445.
56. Ahmed A, Bodo M, Van Albert S, Armonda RA. The effect of metal fragments on electrical monitoring: in vitro and in vivo studies. International Conference on Electrical Bioimpedance, Apr. 4-8, 2010. Gainesville, FL. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2443.
57. Bodo M, Garcia A, Pearce F, Van Albert S, Armonda R. Influence of volume and flow change on the electrical impedance signal (in vitro). International Conference on Electrical Bioimpedance, Apr. 4-8, 2010. Gainesville, FL. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2444.
58. Brady KM, Mytar JO, Kibler KK, Easley RB, Koehler RC, Czosnyka M, Smielewski P, Zweifel C, Bodo M, Pearce FJ, ArmondaRA. Monitoring cerebrovascular pressure reactivity with rheoencephalography. International Conference on Electrical Bioimpedance, Apr. 4-8, 2010. Gainesville, FL. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2446.
59. Anonymous. Exer-Rest at web site of NIMS: http://www.nims-inc.com/products.aspx?t=models
60. Hjorth B. The physical significance of time domain descriptors in EEG analysis. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1973;34:321-5.
61. Pearce FJ, Bodo M, Armonda RA. Inventors: Method and Device for Brain Monitoring Using Rheoencephalography (REG) and Electroencephalograph (EEG). Docket No. WRAIR 09-28X. U.S. Provisional Patent Application Number 61/231, 515, 5 August 2009.
62. Anonymous. Brain monitoring for neurosurgery and intensive care http://www.neurosurg.cam.ac.uk/icmplus
63. Czosnyka M, Smielewski P, Kirkpatrick P, Laing RJ, Menon D, Pickard JD. Continuous assessment of the cerebral vasomotor reactivity in head injury. Neurosurgery. 1997;41:11-7.
64. Anonymous. 10-20 system (EEG) http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/10-20_system_(EEG)
65. Heilig J, Thuroczy G, Bodo M, authors: Real time data display software: REDIREC. United States copyright, TXu 879-647. 1998 June 17.
66. Hanin, Y.L, Spielberger, C.D. The development and validation of the Russian Form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. In: Spielberger CD & Diaz-Guerrero R. (Eds). Crosscultural anxiety. Vol.2, Washington: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1983 pp. 15-26.
67. Mancini GBJ. Angiographic assessment of atherosclerosis progression and regression. Woodford F.P, Davignon J, Sniderman A editors Atherosclerosis X. Amsterdam, NL: Elsevier; 1995. 984-988.
68. Fitch W. Physiology of the cerebral circulation Bailliere's Clinical Anaesthesiology 1999;13:487-498.
69. Chillon JM, Baumbach GL. Autoregulation: arterial and intracranial pressure. In: Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 2nd edition, IN: Edvinsson L, Krause DN. editors. Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2002 pp. 395-412.
70. Paulson OB, Strandgaard S, Edvinsson L. Cerebral autoregulation. Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev. 1990;2161-92.
71. Varon J. Diagnosis and management of labile blood pressure during acute cerebrovascular accidents and other hypertensive crises. Am J Emerg Med. 2007; 25:949-59.
72. Mendelow D, Crawford PJ, Primary and secondary brain injury. In: Reil PL, Bullock R. editors. Head injury. London; Arnold. 2005 pp73-92.
73. Czosnyika M, Hutchinson P, Kirkpatrick P J, Pickard J D. Monitoring of the Brain: Pressures, flows, and brain tissue probes. In: Jallo J, Loftus CM. editors. Neurotrauma and Critical Care of the Brain, Thieme, New York, 2009.
74. Perez JJ, Guijarro E, Barcia JA. Quantification of intracranial contribution to rheoencephalography by a numerical model of the head. Clin Neurophysiol. 2000;111:1306-14.
75. Perez JJ, Guijarro E, Barcia JA. Influence of the scalp thickness on the intracranial contribution to rheoencephalography. Phys Med Biol. 2004;49:4383-94.
76. Perez JJ, Guijarro E, Sancho J. Spatiotemporal pattern of the extracranial component of the rheoencephalographic signal. Physiol Meas. 2005;26:925-38.
77. Fabrizi L, Sparkes M, Horesh L, Perez-Juste Abascal JF, McEwan A, Bayford RH, Elwes R, Binnie CD, Holder DS. Factors limiting the application of electrical impedance tomography for identification of regional conductivity changes using scalp electrodes during epileptic seizures in humans. Physiol Meas. 2006;27:S163-74.
78. Manley G, Knudson MM, Morabito D, Damron S, Erickson V, Pitts L. Hypotension, hypoxia, and head injury: frequency, duration, and consequences. Arch Surg. 2001;136:1118-23.
79. Anonymous. Tactical Combat Casualty Care, Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty Care, Government Printing Agency, Washingon, DC. 2003.
80. Holcomb JB. Hypotensive resuscitation. (The resuscitation outline presented above summarizes the consensus of the Combat Fluid Resuscitation Conference 2001). http://www.drum.army.mil/sites/tenants/division/CMDGRP/ SURGEON/journals/HYPOTENSIVE%20RESUSCITATIO N.htm
81. Rossignol R, Ebigwei-Ibru M. Drugs against hypoxia. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1980; 1:287-289.
82. Pronk RA. Data processing for monitoring brain function during anesthesia and surgery. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl. 1987; 39:215-20.
83. Anonymous. Cushing reflex. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Cushing-reflex
84. Waschke KF, Riedel M, Lenz C, Albrecht DM, van Ackern K, Kuschinsky W. Regional heterogeneity of cerebral blood flow response to graded pressure-controlled hemorrhage. J Trauma. 2004;56:591-603.
85. Kovach AG. Cerebral circulation in hypoxia and ischemia. Prog Clin Biol Res 1988;264:147-58.
86. Guyton AC. Textbook of medical physiology, 8th ed. Saunders, Philadelphia. 1991.
87. Bellamy R et al. Suspended animation for delayed resuscitation Crit. Care Med. 1996;24: S24-47.
88. Shoemaker W C et al. Resuscitation from severe hemorrhage Crit. Care Med. 1996;24: S12-23.
89. Aaslid R. Transcranial Doppler assessment of cerebral vasospasm. Eur. J. Ultrasound 2002;16:3-10.
90. Gur AY, Bornstein NM. TCD and the Diamox test for testing vasomotor reactivity: clinical significance. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2001;35:3:51-6.
91. Madden JA. The effect of carbon dioxide on cerebral arteries. Pharmacol Ther 1993;59: 229-50.
92. Guyton A, Hall J. Textbook of medical physiology. 10th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co., 2000. Figure 19-15.
93. Aidinis SJ, Lafferty J, Shapiro HM. Intracranial responses to PEEP. Anesthesiology. 1976;45:275-86.
94. Doblar DD, Santiago TV, Kahn AU, Edelman NH. The effect of positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation (PEEP) on cerebral blood flow and cerebrospinal fluid pressure in goats. Anesthesiology. 1981;55:244-50.
95. Drummond JC, Todd MM, Shapiro HM. The ICP/CBF effects of volume loading during PEEP administration. Anesthesiology. 1982;57:62-4.
96. Videtta W, Villarejo F, Cohen M, Domeniconi G, Santa Cruz R, Pinillos O, Rios F, Maskin B. Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2002;81:93-7.
97. Muench E, Bauhuf C, Roth H, Horn P, Phillips M, Marquetant N, Quintel M, Vajkoczy P. Effects of positive endexpiratory pressure on regional cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure, and brain tissue oxygenation.. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:2367-72.
98. Caricato A, Conti G, Della Corte F, Mancino A, Santilli F, Sandroni C, Proietti R, Antonelli M. Effects of PEEP on the intracranial system of patients with head injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage: the role of respiratory system compliance. J Trauma. 2005;58:571-6.
99. Georgiadis D, Schwarz S, Baumgartner RW, Veltkamp R, Schwab S. Influence of positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with acute stroke. Stroke. 2001;32:2088-92.
100. Mausner JS, Kramer S. Mausner and Bahn Epidemiology - An introductory text. Philadelphia, PA. WB Saunders Co. 1985. Pp 1-42.
101. Montgomery LD et al. An impedance device for study of multisegment hemodynamic changes during orthostatic stress. Aviat Space Environ Med 1989;60:1116-22.
102. Sokolova IV, Yarullin HH, Maksimenko IM, Ronkin MA. Analysis of the structure of rheoencephalogram as a pulse filling of blood (in Russian) J. Nevropathol 1977;77:1314-1321.
103. Sokolova IV, Iarullin KH. System of automatic analysis of rheoencephalograms. Kosm. Biol. Aviakosm. Med. 1982;16:81-3.
104. Vainshtein G B et al. Automated rheoencephalogram analysis Fiziol. Zh. SSSR Im. IM. Sechenova 1978;64:564-7.
105. Kontos HA et al. Responses of cerebral arteries and arterioles to acute hypotension and hypertension. Am J Physiol. 1978;234:H371-83.
106. de Freitas GR, Bogousslavsky J. Primary stroke prevention. Eur J Neurol. 2001;81-15.
107. Wong KS, Ng PW, Tang A, Liu R, Yeung V, Tomlinson B. Prevalence of asymptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis in high-risk patients. Neurology, 2007;68:2035-8.
108. Laurent S, Boutouyrie P. Arterial stiffness and stroke in hypertension: therapeutic implications for stroke prevention. CNS Drugs. 2005;19:1-11.
109. Westerhof N, Lankhaar JW, Westerhof BE. The arterial Windkessel. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2009;47:131-41.
110. Olsson T, Broberg M, Pope KJ, Wallace A, Mackenzie L, Blomstrand F, Nilsson M, Willoughby JO. Cell swelling, seizures and spreading depression: an impedance study. Neuroscience. 2006;140:505-15.
111. Szebeni J, Baranyi L, Savay S, Lutz HU, Jelezarova E, Bunger R, Alving CR. The role of complement activation in hypersensitivity to pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil ®). J. Liposome Res. 2000;10:467-481.
112. Armonda RA, Bell RS, Vo AH, Ling G, DeGraba TJ, Crandall B, Ecklund J, Campbell WW. Wartime traumatic cerebral vasospasm: recent review of combat casualties. Neurosurgery 2006;59:1215-1225.
113. Bell, Armonda et al, Military traumatic brain and spinal column injury: A 5-year study of the impact blast and other military grade weaponry on the central nervous system. J Trauma. 2009;66:S104-S111.
114. Hadjiev D, Yancheva S.Rheoencephalographic and psychological studies with ethyl apovincaminate in cerebral vascular insufficiency. Arzneimittelforschung. 1976;26:1947-50.
115. Solti F, Iskum M, Czako E. Effect of ethyl apovincaminate on the cerebral circulation. Studies in patients with obliterative cerebral arterial disease. Arzneimittelforschung 1976;26:1945-7.
116. Imamoto T, Tanabe M, Shimamoto N, Kawazoe K, Hirata M. Cerebral circulatory and cardiac effects of vinpocetine and its metabolite, apovincaminic acid, in anesthetized dogs. Arzneimittelforschung. 1984;34:161-9.
117. Bönöczk P, Panczel G, Nagy Z. Vinpocetine increases cerebral blood flow and oxygenation in stroke patients: a near infrared spectroscopy and transcranial Doppler study. Eur J Ultrasound. 2002;15:85-91.
118. Nagy I, Bodo M, Thuroczy G, authors. GRAL: High-level interactive graphical language for signal processing. United States copyright TXu 1-025-933. 2001 April 9.
119. Wheatstone bridge. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Wheatstone_bridge
120. Cooper R, Osselton JW and Shaw JC. EEG Technology (London: Butterworth). 1980.
121. Gorelick PB. Stroke prevention. Arch. Neurol. 1995;52:347-55.
122. Perez-Borja C, Meyer JS. A critical evaluation of rheoencephalography in control subjects and in proven cases of cerebrovascular disease. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 1964;27:66-72.