Human occupant motion in rear-end impacts: Effects of incremental increases in velocity change

SAE Technical Papers

Volumn , Issue , 2001, Pages

  Welcher, Judson B ^a   Szabo, Thomas J ^a   Voss, Daniel P ^a  

^a Biomechanical Research and Testing LLC   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCELERATION; COMPUTER GRAPHICS; HIGH SPEED CAMERAS; KINEMATICS; KINETIC ENERGY; KINETICS; MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS; VELOCITY; VIDEO CAMERAS;

HIGH-SPEED DIGITAL VIDEO CAMERAS; NECK INJURY CRITERION; OCCUPANT CHARACTERISTICS; OCCUPANT KINEMATICS; REAR-END COLLISIONS; SPECIFIC VELOCITIES; VEHICLE ACCELERATION; VEHICLE PARAMETERS;

VEHICLES;

EID: 85072482876     PISSN: 01487191     EISSN: 26883627     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4271/2001-01-0899     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (22)

1. "Instrumentation for Impact Test" Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE- HS-13, October, 1988.
2. "Recommendations Guiding Medical Doctors in Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects" 41st World Medical Assembly, World Medical Assembly Declaration of Helsinki, September, 1989.
3. Alem, N. M., Benson, J. B., Holstein, G. L., and Melvin, J. W.,: "Whole Body Response Research Program" UM-HSRI-77-39-2, HSRI, April, 1978.
4. Anderson, R.D., Welcher, J.B., Szabo, T.J., Eubanks, J.J., and Haight, W.R.,: "Effect of Braking on Human Occupant and Vehicle Kinematics in Low Speed Rear-End Collisions" Society of Automotive Engineers, No. 980298, pp 1-14, 1998.
5. Bailey, M.N., Wong, B.C., and Lawrence, J.M.,: "Data and Methods for Estimating the Severity of Minor Impacts" Society of Automotive Engineers, SP-1083, No. 950352, pp 139-175, 1995.
6. max In Rear-End Crashes Using Mathematical BioRID Dummy" in 1999 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts, Sitges, Spain, pp 213-230, September 23-24, 1999.
7. King, D., and Siegmund, G.,: "Staged Collisions: Roles of Bumpers, Estimating Impact Severity, Injury Potential" in Society of Automotive Engineers Low Speed TOPTEC, Irvine, CA, August 9, 1994.
8. King, D.J., Siegmund, G.P., and Bailey, M.N.,: "Automobile Bumper Behaviour in Low-Speed Impacts" Society of Automotive Engineers, No. 930211, pp 1-18, 1993.
9. Krafft, M.,: "A Comparison Of Short-And Long-Term Consequences Of AIS 1 Neck Injuries, In Rear Impacts" in 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on The Biomechanics of Impact, Goteborg, Sweden, pp 235-248, September 16-18, 1998.
10. Krafft, M., Kullgren, A., and Tingvall, C.,: "Crash Pulse Recorders In Rear Impacts-Real Life Data" in 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles, No. 98-S6-O-10, Windsor, Canada, pp 1256-1262, 1998.
11. Kullgren, A.,: "Crash-Pulse Recorders in Real-Life Accidents: Influence of Change of Velocity and Mean and Peak Acceleration on Injury Risk in Frontal Impacts" Crash Prevention and Injury Control, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp 113-120, 1999.
12. Kullgren, A., Krafft, M., Nygren, A., and Tingvall, C.,: "AIS1 Neck Injuries In Frontal Impacts: Influence Of Crash Pulse Characteristics On Injury Risk" in Proceedings of the Whiplash Associated Disorders World Congress, Vancouver, Canada, pp 121-135, February 7-11, 1999.
13. Kullgren, A., Thomson, R., and Krafft, M.,: "The Effect of Crash Pulse Shape on AIS1 Neck Injuries in Frontal Impacts" in 1999 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts, Sitges, Spain, pp 231-242, September 23-24, 1999.
14. Meyer, S., Weber, M., Castro, W., Schilgen, M., and Peuker, C.,: "The Minimal Collision Velocity for Whiplash" in Whiplash Injuries: Current Concepts in Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of the Cervical Whiplash Syndrome, pp 95-115, 1998.
15. Ono, K., and Kanno, M.,: "Influence of the Physical Parameters on the Risk to Neck Injuries in Low Impact Speed Rear-End Collisions" Accident Analysis & Prevention, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp 493-499, 1996.
16. SAE: "Surface Vehicle Information Report: Sign Convention for Crash Testing-SAE J1733" Society of Automotive Engineers, J1733, pp 1994.
17. Szabo, T.J., and Welcher, J.B.,: "Dynamics of Low Speed Crash Tests with Energy Absorbing Bumpers" Society of Automotive Engineers, SP-925, No. 921573, pp 1-9, 1992.
18. Szabo, T.J., and Welcher, J.B.,: "Human Subject Responses to Various Acceleration Fields" in Low Speed Collision TOPTEC, Society of Automotive Engineers, Richmond, BC, pp 1996.
19. Szabo, T.J., and Welcher, J.B.,: "Human Subject Kinematics and Electromyographic Activity During Low Speed Rear Impacts" in Proceedings of the 40th Stapp Car Crash Conference, No. 962432, Albuquerque, NM, pp 295-315, November 4-6, 1996.
20. Szabo, T.J., Welcher, J.B., Anderson, R.A., Rice, M.M., Ward, J.A., Paulo, L.R., and Carpenter, N.J.,: "Human Occupant Kinematic Response to Low Speed Rear-End Impacts" Society of Automotive Engineers, SP-1045, No. 940532, pp 23-35, 1994.
21. Tanner, C.B., Chen, F., Wiechel, J.F., Brown, D.R., and Guenther, D.A.,: "Vehicle and Occupant Response in Heavy Truck to Car Low-Speed Rear Impacts" Society of Automotive Engineers, SP-1231, No. 970120, pp 15-27, 1997.
22. Welcher, J.B., and Szabo, T.J.,: "Relationship Between Seat Properties And Human Subject Kinematics In Rear Impact Tests" in Proceedings of the Whiplash Associated Disorders World Congress, pp 243-274, Vancouver, Canada, February 7-11, 1999.