Correlates and inequality of underweight and overweight among women of reproductive age: Evidence from the 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Survey

PLoS ONE

Volumn 14, Issue 5, 2019, Pages

  Rai, Anjana ^a   Gurung, Swadesh ^b   Thapa, Subash ^c,d   Saville, Naomi M ^e  

^a Camris International ^*  (Nepal)

^b Camris International   (Nepal)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN DENMARK   (Denmark)

^d KING SAUD UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

^e UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; CORRELATIONAL STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FEMALE; FOOD SECURITY; GROUPS BY AGE; HEALTH EDUCATION; HEALTH SURVEY; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NEPAL; OBESITY; OCCUPATION; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; RURAL AREA; SOCIAL STATUS; UNDERWEIGHT; URBAN AREA; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; MIDDLE AGED; REPRODUCTION; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEYS; HEALTHCARE DISPARITIES; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; NEPAL; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; REPRODUCTION; THINNESS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 85065774882     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216644     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Haddad L, Cameron L, Barnett I (2014) The double burden of malnutrition in SE Asia and the Pacific: priorities, policies and politics. Health policy and planning 30: 1193–1206. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czu110 PMID: 25324529
2. Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, Bhutta ZA, Christian P, et al. (2013) Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. The lancet 382: 427–451.
3. Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, et al. (2012) A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 380: 2224–2260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8 PMID: 23245609
4. Singh GM, Danaei G, Farzadfar F, Stevens GA, Woodward M, et al. (2013) The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis. PLoS One 8: e65174. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065174 PMID: 23935815
5. Patel A, Pathak Y, Patel J, Sutariya V (2018) Role of nutritional factors in pathogenesis of cancer. Food Quality and Safety 2: 27–36.
6. Zheng W, McLerran DF, Rolland B, Zhang X, Inoue M, et al. (2011) Association between body-mass index and risk of death in more than 1 million Asians. N Engl J Med 364: 719–729. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1010679 PMID: 21345101
7. Goffman D, Madden RC, Harrison EA, Merkatz IR, Chazotte C (2007) Predictors of maternal mortality and near-miss maternal morbidity. Journal of Perinatology 27: 597. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jp. 7211810 PMID: 17703181
8. Victora CG, Adair L, Fall C, Hallal PC, Martorell R, et al. (2008) Maternal and child undernutrition: consequences for adult health and human capital. The lancet 371: 340–357.
9. Mehta S, Manji KP, Young AM, Brown ER, Chasela C, et al. (2008) Nutritional indicators of adverse pregnancy outcomes and mother-to-child transmission of HIV among HIV-infected women–. The American journal of clinical nutrition 87: 1639–1649. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/87.6.1639 PMID: 18541551
10. Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, De Onis M, et al. (2008) Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. The lancet 371: 243–260.
11. Collaboration NCDRF (2016) Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants. Lancet 387: 1377–1396. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30054-X PMID: 27115820
12. Nepal MoH, ERA N, ICF (2017) Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Kathmandu, Nepal: Ministry of Health, Nepal.
13. Balarajan Y, Villamor E (2009) Nationally representative surveys show recent increases in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh, Nepal, and India. The journal of nutrition 139: 2139–2144. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.112029 PMID: 19776182
14. Rawal LB, Kanda K, Mahumud RA, Joshi D, Mehata S, et al. (2018) Prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity and their associated risk factors in Nepalese adults: Data from a Nationwide Survey, 2016. PloS one 13: e0205912. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205912 PMID: 30399189
15. Bishwajit G (2015) Nutrition transition in South Asia: the emergence of non-communicable chronic diseases. F1000Res 4: 8. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5732.2 PMID: 26834976
16. Popkin BM, Adair LS, Ng SW (2012) Global nutrition transition and the pandemic of obesity in developing countries. Nutrition reviews 70: 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2011.00456.x PMID: 22221213
17. Mishra SR, Neupane D, Bhandari PM, Khanal V, Kallestrup P (2015) Burgeoning burden of non-communicable diseases in Nepal: a scoping review. Globalization and health 11: 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-015-0119-7 PMID: 26178459
18. Bhandari GP, Angdembe MR, Dhimal M, Neupane S, Bhusal C (2014) State of non-communicable diseases in Nepal. BMC public health 14: 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-23 PMID: 24405646
19. Sharma SR, Page R, Matheson A, Lambrick D, Faulkner J, et al. (2017) Non-communicable disease prevention in Nepal: systemic challenges and future directions. Global health promotion: 1757975917720800.
20. GoN (2010) Multisectoral Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable diseases (2014–2020). Kathmandu, Nepal: Government of Nepal and World Health Organization.
21. MoHP (2017) Annual Health Report 2073/74 (2016/2017). Kathmandu, Nepal: Ministry of Health and Population, Department of Health Services.
22. IHME: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.
23. Kamal SM, Hassan CH, Alam GM (2015) Dual burden of underweight and overweight among women in Bangladesh: patterns, prevalence, and sociodemographic correlates. J Health Popul Nutr 33: 92–105. PMID: 25995726
24. Jones-Smith JC, Gordon-Larsen P, Siddiqi A, Popkin BM (2012) Is the burden of overweight shifting to the poor across the globe? Time trends among women in 39 low- and middle-income countries (1991–2008). Int J Obes (Lond) 36: 1114–1120.
25. Hoque ME, Hasan MT, Rahman MA-Ohoo, Long KZ, Al Mamun A (2017) Double burden of underweight and overweight among Bangladeshi adults differs between men and women: evidence from a nationally representative survey. Public Health Nutr 20: 2183–2191. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S1368980017000957 PMID: 28633684
26. Sengupta A, Angeli F, Syamala TS, Dagnelie PC, van Schayck CP (2015) Overweight and obesity prevalence among Indian women by place of residence and socio-economic status: Contrasting patterns from’underweight states’ and’overweight states’ of India. Soc Sci Med 138: 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.06.004 PMID: 26094178
27. Bishwajit G (2017) Household wealth status and overweight and obesity among adult women in Bangladesh and Nepal. Obes Sci Pract 3: 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.103 PMID: 28706731
28. Tebekaw Y, Teller C Fau—Colon-Ramos U, Colon-Ramos U (2014) The burden of underweight and overweight among women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 1: 1126.
29. James WP, Nelson M, Ralph A, Leather S (1997) Socioeconomic determinants of health. The contribution of nutrition to inequalities in health. Bmj 314: 1545–1549. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.314.7093. 1545 PMID: 9183207
30. Singh A, Singh A, Ram F (2014) Household food insecurity and nutritional status of children and women in Nepal. Food Nutr Bull 35: 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/156482651403500101 PMID: 24791573
31. Raza SA, Salemi JL, Zoorob RJ (2018) Historical perspectives on prevention paradox: When the population moves as a whole. Journal of family medicine and primary care 7: 1163. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_275_18 PMID: 30613490
32. Gwatkin DR, Rutstein S, Johnson K, Suliman E, Wagstaff A, et al. (2007) Socio-economic differences in health, nutrition, and population within developing countries: an overview. Niger J Clin Pract 10: 272–282. PMID: 18293634
33. WHO (1995) Physical status: The use of and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Consultation. Geneva: World Health Organization.
34. Coates J, Swindale A, Bilinsky P (2007) Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) for measurement of food access: indicator guide. Washington, DC: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project, Academy for Educational Development 34.
35. O’donnell O, Van Doorslaer E, Wagstaff A, Lindelow M (2007) Analyzing health equity using household survey data: a guide to techniques and their implementation: The World Bank.
36. Biswas T, Garnett SP, Pervin S, Rawal LB (2017) The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Bangladeshi adults: Data from a national survey. PLoS One 12: e0177395. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177395 PMID: 28510585
37. MoH, ERA N, ICF (2002) Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2001. Kathmandu, Nepal: Ministry of Health, Nepal.
38. Nepal MoH, ERA N, ICF (2012) Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Kathmandu, Nepal: Ministry of Health, Nepal.
39. Biswas T, Islam MS, Linton N, Rawal LB (2016) Socio-Economic Inequality of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Bangladesh. PLoS One 11: e0167140. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone. 0167140 PMID: 27902760
40. Sanni Y, Olalekan AU, Michael E, Ghose B (2018) Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases Among Women of Reproductive Age in Sub saharan Africa: A Multi-Coun-try Analysis of Survey Data. Front Public Health 6.
41. Bhandari S, Sayami JT, Thapa P, Sayami M, Kandel BP, et al. (2016) Dietary intake patterns and nutritional status of women of reproductive age in Nepal: findings from a health survey. Arch Public Health 74: 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-016-0114-3 PMID: 26823976
42. Mbochi RW, Kuria E, Kimiywe J, Ochola S, Steyn NP (2012) Predictors of overweight and obesity in adult women in Nairobi Province, Kenya. BMC Public Health 12: 823. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-823 PMID: 23009185
43. Franz MJ, VanWormer JJ, Crain AL, Boucher JL, Histon T, et al. (2007) Weight-loss outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of weight-loss clinical trials with a minimum 1-year follow-up. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 107: 1755–1767. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2007.07.017PMID: 17904936
44. Jeffery RW, Wing RR, Sherwood NE, Tate DF (2003) Physical activity and weight loss: does prescribing higher physical activity goals improve outcome? The American journal of clinical nutrition 78: 684–689. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/78.4.684 PMID: 14522725
45. Abdu J, Kahssay M, Gebremedhin M (2018) Household Food Insecurity, Underweight Status, and Associated Characteristics among Women of Reproductive Age Group in Assayita District, Afar Regional State, Ethiopia. Journal of environmental and public health 2018.
46. Isanaka S, Mora-Plazas M, Lopez-Arana S, Baylin A, Villamor E (2007) Food insecurity is highly prevalent and predicts underweight but not overweight in adults and school children from Bogota, Colombia. The Journal of nutrition 137: 2747–2755. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.12.2747 PMID: 18029494
47. Chinnakali P, Upadhyay RP, Shokeen D, Singh K, Kaur M, et al. (2014) Prevalence of household-level food insecurity and its determinants in an urban resettlement colony in north India. Journal of health, population, and nutrition 32: 227. PMID: 25076660
48. Kumar N, Scott S, Menon P, Kannan S, Cunningham K, et al. (2018) Pathways from women’s group-based programs to nutrition change in South Asia: A conceptual framework and literature review. Global food security 17: 172–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2017.11.002 PMID: 29930896
49. Osei A, Pandey P, Nielsen J, Pries A, Spiro D, et al. (2016) Combining Home Garden, Poultry, and Nutrition Education Program Targeted to Families With Young Children Improved Anemia Among Children and Anemia and Underweight Among Nonpregnant Women in Nepal. Food Nutr Bull.
50. Campbell RK, Talegawkar SA, Christian P, LeClerq SC, Khatry SK, et al. (2014) Seasonal dietary intakes and socioeconomic status among women in the Terai of Nepal. J Health Popul Nutr 32: 198–216. PMID: 25076658
51. Parajuli RP, Umezaki M, Watanabe C (2012) Diet among people in the Terai region of Nepal, an area of micronutrient deficiency. J Biosoc Sci 44: 401–415. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932012000065PMID: 22424573
52. Saville NM, Shrestha BP, Style S, Harris-Fry H, Beard BJ, et al. (2018) Impact on birth weight and child growth of Participatory Learning and Action women’s groups with and without transfers of food or cash during pregnancy: Findings of the low birth weight South Asia cluster-randomised controlled trial (LBWSAT) in Nepal. PLOS ONE 13: e0194064. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194064 PMID: 29742136
53. Gittelsohn J, Thapa M, Landman LT (1997) Cultural factors, caloric intake and micronutrient sufficiency in rural Nepali households. Social Science & Medicine 44: 1739–1749.
54. Reynolds RD, Moser PB, Acharya S, McConnell W, Andon MB, et al. (1988) Nutritional and medical status of lactating women and their infants in the Kathmandu valley of Nepal. The American journal of clinical nutrition 47: 722–728. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/47.4.722 PMID: 3354497
55. Henjum S, Torheim LE, Thorne-Lyman AL, Chandyo R, Fawzi WW, et al. (2015) Low dietary diversity and micronutrient adequacy among lactating women in a peri-urban area of Nepal. Public health nutrition 18: 3201–3210. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980015000671 PMID: 25824344
56. Nepal G, Tuladhar ET, Dahal S, Ahamad ST, Adhikari S, et al. (2018) Lifestyle Practices and Obesity in Nepalese Youth: A Cross-sectional Study. Cureus 10: e2209. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.2209PMID: 29686951
57. Subedi YP, Marais D, Newlands D (2017) Where is Nepal in the nutrition transition? Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 26: 358–367. https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.112015.10 PMID: 28244717
58. Kurz KM, Johnson-Welch C (2001) Enhancing women’s contributions to improving family food consumption and nutrition. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 22: 443–453.
59. Jones KM, Specio SE, Shrestha P, Brown KH, Allen LH (2005) Nutrition knowledge and practices, and consumption of vitamin A—rich plants by rural Nepali participants and nonparticipants in a kitchen-garden program. Food and nutrition bulletin 26: 198–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/156482650502600204PMID: 16060221
60. Girard AW, Self JL, McAuliffe C, Olude O (2012) The effects of household food production strategies on the health and nutrition outcomes of women and young children: a systematic review. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 26: 205–222. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01282.x PMID: 22742612
61. Prost A, Colbourn T, Seward N, Azad K, Coomarasamy A, et al. (2013) Women’s groups practising participatory learning and action to improve maternal and newborn health in low-resource settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet 381: 1736–1746.
62. More NS, Bapat U, Das S, Alcock G, Patil S, et al. (2012) Community mobilization in Mumbai slums to improve perinatal care and outcomes: a cluster randomized controlled trial. PLoS medicine 9: e1001257. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001257 PMID: 22802737
63. Dunneram Y, Jeewon R (2015) Healthy Diet and Nutrition Education Program among Women of Reproductive Age: A Necessity of Multilevel Strategies or Community Responsibility. Health Promot Perspect 5: 116–127. https://doi.org/10.15171/hpp.2015.014 PMID: 26290827
64. Dahrouge S, Kaczorowski J, Dolovich L, Paterson M, Thabane L, et al. (2018) Long term outcomes of cluster randomized trial to improve cardiovascular health at population level: The Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP). PloS one 13: e0201802. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201802PMID: 30188912