Assessing the “reflective practitioner”: Pedagogic principles and certification needs

International Journal of the Legal Profession

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 63-82

  MacFarlane, Julie ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WINDSOR   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85064788050     PISSN: 09695958     EISSN: 14699257     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09695958.1998.9960442     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Ashcroft, K., and Foreman‐Peck, L., 1994. Managing Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, Lewes, Sussex: Falmer Press.
2. Ashcroft, K., and Foreman‐Peck, L., 1995. “ The lecturer's guide to qualifications and standards in colleges and universities ”. In Assessment for Learning, Edited by: Knight, P., London: Kogan Page.
3. Barnes, J., 1990–91. The functions of assessment: a re‐examination. Legal Education Review, 2: 177
4. Bloom, B.S., ed. 1956. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: Cognitive Domain, McKay.
5. Brownsword, R., 1996. Where are all the law schools going?. The Law Teacher, 30: 1
6. Burke, J., 1989. “ Introduction ”. In Competency‐Based Education and Training, Edited by: Burke, J., Lewes, Sussex: Falmer Press.
7. Cass, R., 1995. The how and why of law school accreditation. Journal of Legal Education, 45: 418
8. Chi, M., Glaser, R., and Farr, M., 1988. The Nature of Expertise, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
9. Clarke, D., Accreditation, validation, evaluation and assessment in medical education. Education for the Professions, 20th annual conference of SRHE. Edited by: Goodland, S., pp. 161London: SRHE & Nfer Nelson.
10. Cort, H.R., and Sammonds, J.L., 1980. The search for good lawyering: a concept and model for lawyering competencies. Cleveland State Law Review, 29: 397
11. Crooks, T., 1988. The impact of classroom evaluation practices on students. Review of Educational Research, 58: 438
12. Cruickshank, D., 1996. “ Problem‐based learning in legal education ”. In Teaching Lawyers’ Skills, Edited by: Webb, J., and Maughan, C., London: Butterwotths.
13. Dailey, C.A., 1971. Assessment of Lives, San Francisco, CA: Jossey‐Bass.
14. Dewey, J., 1963. Knowledge and Experience, Collier. [first published 1938]
15. Dreyfus, S., 1981. Formal Models vs Human Situational Understanding, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.
16. Economides, K., and Smallcombe, G., 1991. Preparatory Skills for Trainee Solicitors, London: The Law Society.
17. Elbow, P., 1986. Embracing Contraries: Explorations in Learning and Teaching, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ch. 8
18. Elkins, J., 1985. Rites de Passage: law students telling their lives. Journal of Legal Education, 35: 27
19. Entwistle, N., and Ramsden, P., 1983. Understanding Student Learning, Beckenham: Croom Helm.
20. Epstein, R., 1971. Grade normalisation. So California LR, 44: 707
21. Eraut, M., 1994. Developing Professional Knowledge and Competence, Lewes, Sussex: Falmer Press.
22. Freire, P., 1972. The Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
23. General Council of the Bar. 1995. Course Specification Guidelines. Application Procedures to be Validated to Offer the Bar Vocational Course.
24. Gold, N., 1982. “ Competence and continuing legal education ”. In Essays in Legal Education, London: Butterworths.
25. 1996. Shephard sets national teacher training rules. The Guardian, 29 September
26. 1997. University Research Assessment Results. The Guardian, 10th March
27. Hamblin, A., Accreditation, validation, evaluation and assessment in management education. Education for the Professions, 20th annual conference of SRHE. London. Edited by: Goodyear, S., pp. 181SRHE & Nfer Nelson.
28. Harrison, R., Overview of accreditation, validation, evaluation and assessment in professional education. Education for the Professions, 20th annual conference of SRHE. Edited by: Goodyear, S., pp. 151London: SRHE & Nfer Nelson.
29. Jones, P.A., 1996. Competences, Learning Outcomes and Legal Education, London: Institute of Advanced Legal Studies.
30. Jones, P.A., 1996. “ We're all reflective practitioners now: reflections on professional legal education ”. In Teaching Lawyers’ Skills, Edited by: Webb, J., and Maughan, J., London: Butterworths.
31. Kennedy, D., 1983. Legal Education and the Reproduction of Hierarchy, Boston: Asfar Press.
32. Kronman, A., 1993. The Lost Lawyer: Failing Ideals of the Legal Profession, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
33. Le Brun, M., and Johnstone, R., 1994. The Quiet Revolution: improving student learning in law, Sydney: Law Book Company.
34. Levine, M., 1971. Towards descriptive grading. So California LR, 44: 696
35. Lundy, L., 1995. The assessment of clinical legal education: an illustration. The Law Teacher, 29: 311
36. Macfarlane, J., 1992. Look before you leap: knowledge and learning in legal skills education. Journal of Law & Society, 19: 273
37. Macfarlane, J., 1994. A feminist perspective on experience‐based learning and curriculum change. Ottawa Law Review, 26: 357
38. Macfarlane, J., 1996. Teacher power in the Law School classroom. Dalhousie Law Journal, 19: 71
39. Macfarlane, J., 1997. The challenge of ADR and alternative paradigms of dispute resolution: how should the Law Schools respond?. The Law Teacher, 31: 13
40. Macfarlane, J., and Manwaring, J., 1996. Using problem‐based learning to teach contracts unpublished paper on file with the authors
41. Macfarlane, J., Gold, N., Davies, B., and Littlewood, M., 1992. Designing new legal practice courses: the Hong Kong Plan. The Law Teacher, 26: 84
42. Mager, R., 1962. Preparing Instructional Objectives, Belmont, CA: Fearon.
43. 1988. “ The Marre Report ”. In A Time for Change., Report of the Committee on the Future of the Legal Profession London: The Law Society and General Council of the Bar.
44. Maughan, M., 1996. “ A capability approach to assessing skills on the LPC: a strategy for developing future effective performance ”. In Teaching Lawyers Skills, Edited by: Webb, J., and Maughan, C., London: Butterworths.
45. Maughan, C., Maughan, M., and Webb, J., 1995. Sharpening the mind or narrowing it? The limitations of outcomes and performance measures in legal education. The Law Teacher, 29: 255
46. Newman, J., 1991. “ Learning to teach by uncovering our assumptions ”. In The Talk Curriculum, Edited by: Booth, D., and Hall, C., Pembroke.
47. Nickles, S., 1977. Examining and grading in American Law Schools. Arkansas Law Review, 30: 411
48. Norman, G.R., 1988. Problem‐solving skills, solving problems and problem‐based learning. Medical Education, 22: 279
49. Pirie, A., 1987. Objectives in legal education: the case for systematic instructional design. Journal of Legal Education, 37: 576
50. Poppen, W., and Thompson, C., 1971. The effect of grade contracts on student performance. Journal of Educational Research, 64: 420
51. Rowntree, D., 1977. Assessing Students: How Shall We Know Them?, London: Kogan Page.
52. Rule, E., 1995. The experiment in peer assessment in LLB Year 1. The Law Teacher, 29: 295
53. Ryle, G.R., 1978. The Concept of Mind, Payot. [first published 1949]
54. Schon, D., 1983. The Reflective Practitioner, San Francisco, CA: Jossey‐Bass.
55. Schon, D., 1987. Educating the Reflective Practitioner, San Francisco, CA: Jossey‐Bass.
56. Schon, D., 1995. Educating the Reflective Practitioner. Clinical Law Review, 2: 231
57. Schon, D., and Argyris, C., 1980. Theory in Practice: Increasing Professional Effectiveness, San Francisco, CA: Jossey‐Bass.
58. Shapland, J., and Johnstone, V., 1990. Developing Vocational Training for the Bar, Sheffield: Faculty of Law, University of Sheffield.
59. Sprack, J., Certification and education: conflict or constructive tension. ACPLEC conference. 1996. Vol. 2, pp. 667
60. Sternberg, R., 1989. “ Second game: a school's‐eye view of intelligence ”. In Developments in Learning and Assessment, Edited by: Murphy, P., and Moon, B., London: Hodder & Stoughton.
61. Tobin, A., Can skills be assessed? Identifying, describing and assessing legal competencies. ACPLEC conference. Vol. 1, pp. 645
62. Tribe, D., and Tribe, T., 1986. Assessing law students. The Law Teacher, 20: 160
63. Tribe, D., and Tribe, T., 1988. The assessment of law students on law degrees in the public sector. The Law Teacher, 22: 68
64. Tuxworth, E., 1989. “ Competency‐based education and training: background and origins ”. In Competency‐Based Education and Training, Edited by: Burke, J., Lewes, Sussex: Falmer Press.
65. Volk, L., 1919. Legal preparation tested by success in legal practice. Harvard Law Review, 33: 168
66. Webb, J., 1996. “ Why theory matters ”. In Teaching Lawyers’ Skills, Edited by: Webb, J., and Maugham, C., London: Butterworths.
67. Whelan, C., and McBarnet, D., 1992. “ Lawyers in the market: delivering legal services ”. In Tomorrow's Lawyers, Edited by: Thomas, P. A., Oxford: Blackwells.
68. Williams, R., and Anandam, K., 1973. The effect of behaviour contracting on grades. Journal of Educational Research, 66: 230
69. Wolf, A., 1989. “ Can competency and knowledge mix ”. In Competency‐Based Education and Training, Edited by: Burke, J., Lewes, Sussex: Falmer Press.
70. Woods, D., 1985. “ Problem‐based learning and problem‐solving ”. In Problem‐Based Learning in Education for the Professions, Edited by: Boud, D., Sydney: HERDSA.