Posttraumatic epilepsy with special emphasis on prophylaxis and prevention

Acta Neurochirurgica, Supplementum

Volumn , Issue 93, 2005, Pages 27-34

  Pagni, C A ^a   Zenga, F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

Author keywords

antiepileptic drugs; antiperoxidants; free radical scavengers; Posttraumatic epilepsy; prevention; prophylaxis

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT;

ANIMAL; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL TRIAL; HEAD INJURY; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; NEUROSURGERY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RECURRENT DISEASE; REVIEW; TRAUMATIC EPILEPSY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANIMALS; ANTICONVULSANTS; CLINICAL TRIALS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; EPILEPSY, POST-TRAUMATIC; HUMANS; NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES; PHYSICIAN'S PRACTICE PATTERNS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; RECURRENCE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 85052609886     PISSN: 00651419     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/3-211-27577-0_3     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. Aust SD, Svingen BA (1982) The role of iron in enzymatic lipid peroxidation. In: Pryor WA (ed) Free radicals in biology. Academic Press, New York pp 1-28
2. Bergamini L, Bergamasco B, Benna P, Gilli M (1977) Acquired etiological factors in 1785 epileptic subjects: clinical-anamnestic research. Epilepsia 18:437-444
3. Birkmayer W (1951) Die Behandlung der traumatische Epilepsie. Wien Klin Wschr 63:606-609
4. Caveness WF (1963) Onset and cessation of fits following craniocerebral trauma. J Neurosurg 20:570-583
5. Caveness WF, Meirowsky AM, Rish BL, Mohr JP, Kistler JP, Dillon JD, Weiss GH (1979) The nature of posttraumatic epilepsy. J Neurosurg 50:545-553
6. Courjon J (1970) A longitudinal electro-clinical study of 80 cases of posttraumatic epilepsy observed from the time of the original trauma. Epilepsia 11:29-36
7. d'Alessandro R, Tinuper P, Ferrara R, Cortelli P, Pazzaglia P, Sabattini L, Frank G, Lugaresi E (1982) CT scan prediction of late posttraumatic epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 45:1153-1155
8. Demopoulos HB, Flamm ES, Seligman ML, Jorgensen E, Ransohoff J (1979) Antioxidant effects of barbiturates in models membranes undergoing free radical damage. Acta Neurol Scan 7:12-13
9. Deutschmann CS, Haines SJ (1985) Anticonvulsant prophylaxis in neurological surgery. Neurosurgery 17:510-517
10. De Santis A, Pagni CA (1976) Valore prognostico delle crisi convulsive precoci nel coma traumatico. Riv Neurol 46:400-406
11. De Santis A, Pagni CA, Rampini P (1979) Osservazioni sul controllo a distanza di 64 pazienti con crisi precoci posttraumatiche. Riv Ital Elettroencef Neurofisiol Clin 2:43-46
12. De Santis A, Rampini P, Sganzerla EP (1988) Prolonged posttraumatic unconsciousness. Diffuse brain injury and epilepsy. Boll Lega Ital Epilessia 62-63:79-82
13. Evans JH (1963) The significance of early posttraumatic epilepsy. Neurology 13:207-212
14. Gabor AJ (1982) Posttraumatic epilepsy. In: Youmans JR (ed) Neurological surgery, vol 4. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp 2188-2194
15. Glotzner FL (1991) Epilepsy prophylaxis with carbamazepine in severe head injuries. In: Murri L, Parenti G, Annegers JF (eds) Pharmacological prophylaxis for posttraumatic epilepsy. Pacini, Pisa, pp 59-72
16. Glotzner FL, Haubitz I, Miltner F (1983) Anfallsprophylaxe mit Carbamazepin nach schweren Schädelhirnverletzungen. Neurochirurgia 26:66-79
17. Gudmundsson G (1966) Epilepsy in Iceland. A clinical and epidemiological investigation. Acta Neurol Scand [Suppl] 25 43:6-124
18. Guidice MA, Berchou RC (1987) Posttraumatic epilepsy following head injury. Brain Injury 1:61-64
19. Hammond EJ, Ramsay RE, Villareal HJ, Wilder BJ (1980) Effects of intracortical injection of blood and blood components on the electrocorticogram. Epilepsia 21:3-14
20. Heikkinen ER, Rönty HS, Tolonen U, Pyhtinen J (1990) Development of posttraumatic epilepsy. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 54+55:25-33
21. Hoff H, Hoff H (1947) Fortschritte in des Behandlung der Epilepsie. Mschr Psychiat Neurol 114:105-118
22. Hsieh CL, Chang CH, Chiang SY, Li TC, Tang NY, Pon CZ, Hsieh CT, Lin JG (2000) Anticonvulsive and free radical scavenging activities of vanillyl alcohol in ferric chloride-induced epileptic seizures in Sprague-Dawley rats. Life Sci 67:1185-1195
23. Kabuto H, Yokoi I, Ogawa N (1998) Melatonin inhibits ironinduced epileptic discharges in rats by suppressing peroxidation. Epilepsia 39:237-243
24. Kabuto H, Yokoi I, Habu H, Willmore LJ, Mori A, Ogawa N (1996) Reduction in nitric oxide synthetase activity with development of an epileptogenic focus induced by ferric chloride in the rat brain. Epilepsy Res 25:65-68
25. Kollevold T (1978) Immediate and early cerebral seizures after head injuries, part III. J Oslo City Hosp 28:78-86
26. Jennett WB (1969) Early traumatic epilepsy. Lancet 1023-1026
27. Jennett WB (1973) Epilepsy after non-missile head injuries. Scot Med J 18:8-13
28. Jennett WB (1975) Epilepsy after non-missile head injury. Heinemann Publ, London, p 179
29. Lockard JS, Cangdon WC, du Charme LL, Hunstman BJ (1976) Prophylaxis with diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital in alumina-gel monkey model. I. Twelve months of treatment: seizure, EEG, blood and behavioural data. Epilepsia 17:37-47
30. Manaka S (1992) Cooperative prospective study on posttraumatic epilepsy: risk factors and the effect of propylactic anticonvulsant. Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol 46:311-315
31. McQueen JK, Blackwood DHR, Harris P, Kalbag RM, Johnson AL (1983) Low risk of late post-traumatic seizures following severe head injury. Implication for clinical trials of prophylaxis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychatry 46:899-904
32. Mori A, Hiramatsu M, Yokoi I, Edamatsu R (1990) Biochemical pathogenesis of posttraumatic epilepsy. Pavlov J Biol Sci 25:208
33. Murri L, Parenti G, Bonuccelli U, Lenzi B, Del Tacca M (1980) Phenobarbital prophylaxis of posttraumatic epilepsy. Ital J Neurol Sci 4:225-230
34. Musil F, Servit Z (1991) Pharmacological prophylaxis of posttraumatic epilepsy. In: Murri L, Parenti G, Annegers JF (eds) Pharmacological prophylaxis for posttraumatic epilepsy. Pacini, Pisa, pp 31-34
35. Pagni CA (1990) Posttraumatic epilepsy. Incidence and prophylaxis. Acta Neurochir (Wien) [Suppl] 50:38-47
36. Pagni CA, Lo Russo GM, Benna P, Paglia G, Naddeo M (1993) Posttraumatic epilepsy. In: K von Wild (Hrsg) Spectrum der Neurorehabilitation pp 71-78
37. Parenti G, Arrigo A, Rossi G, Canapicchi R, Murri L (1991) Phenobarbital in the prophylaxis of late posttraumatic seizures. In: Murri L, Parenti G, Annegers JF (eds) Pharmacological prophylaxis for posttraumatic epilepsy. Pacini, Pisa, pp 43-58
38. Pechadre JC, Lauxerois M, Colnet G, Commun C, Dimicoli C, Bonnard M, Gibert J, Chabannes J (1991) Prévention de l'épilepsie post-traumatique tardive par phénytoïne dans les traumatismes crâniens graves. Press Médicale 20:841-845
39. Penry JK, White BG, Brackett CE (1979) A controlled prospective study of the pharmacological prophylaxis of posttraumatic epilepsy. Neurology 29:600-601
40. Phillips G (1954) Traumatic epilepsy after closed head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 17:1-10
41. Popek K, Musil F (1969) Klìnicky pokus o prevenci posttraumatické epilepsie po têzkych zranênick mozku u dospêlych Cas Lék Ces 108:133-147
42. Prince DA, Connors BW (1984) Mechanism of epileptogenesis in cortical structure. Ann Neurol [Suppl] 16: s59-s64
43. Reid SA, Sypert GW (1980) FeCL3-induced epileptogenic foci in cats: electrophysiological analyses. Brain Res 188:531-542
44. Rish BL, Caveness WF (1973) Relation of prophylactic medication to the occurrence of early seizures following craniocerebral trauma. J Neurosurg 38:155-158
45. Russell WR, Whitty CWM (1952) Studies in traumatic epilepsy. Part I: Facts influencing the incidence of epilepsy after brain wounds. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 15:93-107
46. Salazar A (1991) Prophylaxis of posttraumatic epilepsy: is phenytoin useful? In: Murri L, Parenti G, Annegers JF (eds) Pharmacological prophylaxis for posttraumatic epilepsy. Pacini, Pisa, pp 35-42
47. Salazar AM, Jabbari B, Vance SC, Grafman J, Amin D, Dillon JD (1985) Epilepsy after penetrating head injury. Part I: Clinical correlates: A report of the Vietnam Head Injury Study. Neurology 35:1406-1414
48. Servit Z, Musil F (1981) Prophylactic treatment of posttraumatic epilepsy: results of a long-term follow-up in Czechoslovakia. Epilepsia 22:315-320
49. Taylor AR, Jablon S, Kretschmann CM (1971) Posttraumatic symptoms in head injured veterans of the Korean campaign. Report for National Institute of Neurological diseases and stroke, pp 74 + appendix
50. Temkin NR, Dikmen SS, Wilensky AJ, Keihm J, Chabal S, Winn R (1990) A randomized, double-blind study of phenytoin for the prevention of posttraumatic seizures. N Engl J Med 323:497-502
51. Temkin NR, Dikmen SS, Anderson GD, Wilensky AJ, Holmes MD, Cohen W, Newell DW, Nelson P, Awan A, Winn R (1999) Valproate therapy for prevention of posttraumatic seizures: a randomized trial. J Neurosurg 91:593-600
52. Willmore LJ (1990) Posttraumatic epilepsy: cellular mechanism and implications for treatment. Epilepsia 31 [Suppl] 3:567-573
53. Willmore LJ, Triggs WJ (1984) Effect of phenytoin and corticosteroid on seizures and lipid peroxidation in experimental posttraumatic epilepsy. J Neurosurg 60:467-472
54. Willmore LJ, Sypert GW, Munson JB (1983) Recurrent seizures induced by cortical iron injection: a model of post-traumatic epilepsy. Ann Neurol 4:329-336
55. Wohns RNW, Wyler AR (1979) Prophylactic phenytoin in severe head injuries. J Neurosurg 51:507-509
56. Yablon SA (1993) Posttraumatic seizures. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 74:983-1001
57. Yamamoto N, Kabuto H, Matsumoto S, Ogawa N, Yokoi I (2002) alpha-Tocopheryl-L-ascorbate-2-O-phosphate diester, a hydroxyl radical scavenger, prevents the occurrence of epileptic foci in a rat model of post-traumatic epilepsy. Pathophysiology 8:205-214
58. Yokoi I, Toma J, Kabuto H, Mori A (1995) Adenosines scavenged hydroxyl radicals and prevented posttraumatic epilepsy. Free radic Biol Med 19:473-479
59. Young B, Rapp R, Brooks WH, Madauss W, Norton JA (1979) Postraumatic epilepsy prophylaxis. Epilepsia 20:671-681
60. Young B, Rapp R, Norton JA, Haack D, Tibbs PA, Bean J (1983a) Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent early posttraumatic seizures. J Neurosurg 58:231-235 (Pubitemid 13190257)
61. Young B, Rapp R, Norton JA, Haack D, Tibbs PA, Bean J (1983b) Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent late posttraumatic seizures. J Neurosurg 58:236-241 (Pubitemid 13190258)