The Association Between Masculinity and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

American Journal of Men's Health

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 30-40

  Green, Jonathan D ^a,b   Kearns, Jaclyn C ^a   Ledoux, Annie M ^a   Addis, Michael E ^c   Marx, Brian P ^b,d  

^a VA BOSTON HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^b BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c CLARK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d NATIONAL CENTER FOR PTSD   (United States)

Author keywords

gender; masculinity; nonsuicidal self injury (NSSI); self harm

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AUTOMUTILATION; CHRONIC DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ETHNIC GROUP; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MALE; MASCULINITY; PSYCHOLOGY; QUESTIONNAIRE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEX RATIO; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; STUDENT; UNIVERSITY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; CHRONIC DISEASE; ETHNIC GROUPS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; MASCULINITY; RISK ASSESSMENT; SAMPLING STUDIES; SELF-INJURIOUS BEHAVIOR; SEX DISTRIBUTION; STUDENTS; SURVEYS AND QUESTIONNAIRES; UNIVERSITIES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 85037732391     PISSN: 15579883     EISSN: 15579891     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1557988315624508     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Addis M. E., (2008). Gender and depression in men. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 15, 153-168.
2. Addis M. E., (2011). Invisible men: Men’s inner lives and the consequences of silence. New York, NY: Henry Holt.
3. Addis M. E., Mahalik J. R., (2003). Men, masculinity, and the contexts of help seeking. American Psychologist, 58, 5.
4. Addis M. E., Mansfield A. K., Syzdek M. R., (2010). Is “masculinity” a problem? Framing the effects of gendered social learning in men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 11, 77.
5. Adler P. A., Adler P., (2011). The tender cut: Inside the hidden world of self-injury. New York: NYU Press.
6. Alfred G. C., Hammer J. H., Good G. E., (2014). Male student veterans: Hardiness, psychological well-being, and masculine norms. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 15, 95.
7. Andover M. S., Primack J. M., Gibb B. E., Pepper C. M., (2010). An examination of non-suicidal self-injury in men: Do men differ from women in basic NSSI characteristics? Archives of Suicide Research, 14, 79-88.
8. Baer L., Jacobs D. G., Meszler-Reizes J., Blais M., Fava M., Kessler R...O’Laughlen J., (2000). Development of a brief screening instrument: The HANDS. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 69, 35-41.
9. Berkowitz A. D., (2002). Fostering men’s responsibility for preventing sexual assault. In Schewe P. A., (Ed.), Preventing violence in relationships: Interventions across the life span (pp. 163-196). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
10. Berkowitz A. D., (2005). An overview of the social norms approach. In Lederman L. C., Stewart L. P., (Eds.), Changing the culture of college drinking: A socially situated prevention campaign (pp. 192-214). New York, NY: Hampton Press.
11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). National data on deaths by cause. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr61/nvsr61_06.pdf
12. Claes L., Vandereycken W., Vertommen H., (2007). Self-injury in female versus male psychiatric patients: A comparison of characteristics, psychopathology and aggression regulation. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 611-621.
13. Cohen J., (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
14. Cohen J., Cohen P., West S. G., Aiken L. S., (2013). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. New York, NY: Routledge.
15. Cohn A., Zeichner A., (2006). Effects of masculine identity and gender role stress on aggression in men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 7, 179.
16. Connell R. W., (1987). Gender and power: Society, the person and sexual politics. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
17. Connell R. W., Messerschmidt J. W., (2005). Hegemonic masculinity rethinking the concept. Gender & Society, 19, 829-859.
18. Cumming G., Fidler F., (2009). Confidence intervals: Better answers to better questions. Zeitschrift für Psychologie/Journal of Psychology, 217, 15.
19. Cusack J., Deane F. P., Wilson C. J., Ciarrochi J., (2006). Emotional expression, perceptions of therapy, and help-seeking intentions in men attending therapy services. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 7, 69.
20. Gollust S. E., Eisenberg D., Golberstein E., (2008). Prevalence and correlates of self-injury among university students. Journal of American College Health, 56, 491-498.
21. Good G. E., Wood P. K., (1995). Male gender role conflict, depression, and help seeking: Do college men face double jeopardy? Journal of Counseling & Development, 74, 70-75.
22. Gould M. S., Wallenstein S., Davidson L., (1989). Suicide clusters: A critical review. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 19, 17-29.
23. Gratz K. L., (2001). Measurement of deliberate self-harm: Preliminary data on the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 23, 253-263.
24. Gratz K. L., Conrad S. D., Roemer L., (2002). Risk factors for deliberate self-harm among college students. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 72, 128-140.
25. Green J. D., Addis M. E., (2012). Individual differences in masculine gender socialization as predictive of men’s psychophysiological responses to negative affect. International Journal of Men’s Health, 11, 63-82.
26. Green J. D., Jakupcak M., (2015). Men, masculinity, and self-harm: Case studies in men’s self-harm and high-risk behaviors. Manuscript submitted for publication.
27. Hawton K., Rodham K., Evans E., Weatherall R., (2002). Deliberate self-harm in adolescents: Self-report survey in schools in England. BMJ, 325, 1207-1211.
28. Heilbron N., Prinstein M. J., (2008). Peer influence and adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury: A theoretical review of mechanisms and moderators. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 12, 169-177.
29. Hooley J. M., St. Germain S. A., (2014). Should we expand the conceptualization of self-injurious behavior? Rationale, review, and recommendations. In Nock M. K., (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of suicide and self-injury (p. 47). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
30. Houle J., Mishara B. L., Chagnon F., (2008). An empirical test of a mediation model of the impact of the traditional male gender role on suicidal behavior in men. Journal of Affective Disorders, 107, 37-43.
31. House A. S., Van Horn E., Coppeans C., Stepleman L. M., (2011). Interpersonal trauma and discriminatory events as predictors of suicidal and nonsuicidal self-injury in gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender persons. Traumatology, 17, 75-85.
32. Iwamoto D. K., Cheng A., Lee C. S., Takamatsu S., Gordon D., (2011). “Man-ing” up and getting drunk: The role of masculine norms, alcohol intoxication and alcohol-related problems among college men. Addictive Behaviors, 36, 906-911.
33. Jakupcak M., Osborne T. L., Michael S., Cook J. W., McFall M., (2006). Implications of masculine gender role stress in male veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 7, 203.
34. Jakupcak M., Salters K., Gratz K. L., Roemer L., (2003). Masculinity and emotionality: An investigation of men’s primary and secondary emotional responding. Sex Roles, 49, 111-120.
35. Kilmartin C., Berkowitz A. D., (2005). Sexual assault in context: Teaching college men about gender. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
36. King M., Semlyen J., Tai S. S., Killaspy H., Osborn D., Popelyuk D., Nazareth I., (2008). A systematic review of mental disorder, suicide, and deliberate self harm in lesbian, gay and bisexual people. BMC Psychiatry, 8(1), 70.
37. Kline P., (2013). Handbook of psychological testing. New York, NY: Routledge.
38. Klonsky E. D., (2007). The functions of deliberate self-injury: A review of the evidence. Clinical Psychology Review, 27, 226-239.
39. Klonsky E. D., Glenn C. R., (2009). Assessing the functions of non-suicidal self-injury: Psychometric properties of the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 31, 215-219.
40. Klonsky E. D., Muehlenkamp J. J., (2007). Self-injury: A research review for the practitioner. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63, 1045-1056.
41. Klonsky E. D., Oltmanns T. F., Turkheimer E., (2003). Deliberate self-harm in a nonclinical population: Prevalence and psychological correlates. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1501-1508.
42. Laye-Gindhu A., Schonert-Reichl K. A., (2005). Nonsuicidal self-harm among community adolescents: Understanding the “whats” and “whys” of self-harm. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34, 447-457.
43. Levant R. F., Good G. E., Cook S. W., O’Neil J. M., Smalley K. B., Owen K., Richmond K., (2006). The normative Male Alexithymia Scale: Measurement of a gender-linked syndrome. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 7, 212.
44. Levant R. F., Richmond K., Majors R. G., Inclan J. E., Rossello J. M., Heesacker M...Sellers A., (2003). A multicultural investigation of masculinity ideology and alexithymia. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 4, 91.
45. Magovcevic M., Addis M. E., (2008). The Masculine Depression Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 9, 117-132.
46. Mahalik J. R., Burns S. M., Syzdek M., (2007). Masculinity and perceived normative health behaviors as predictors of men’s health behaviors. Social Science & Medicine, 64, 2201-2209.
47. Mahalik J. R., Good G. E., Englar-Carlson M., (2003). Masculinity scripts, presenting concerns, and help seeking: Implications for practice and training. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 34, 123.
48. Mahalik J. R., Locke B. D., Ludlow L. H., Diemer M. A., Scott R. P., Gottfried M., Freitas G., (2003). Development of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 4, 3.
49. Mast M. S., Sieverding M., Esslen M., Graber K., Jäncke L., (2008). Masculinity causes speeding in young men. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 40, 840-842.
50. Miller K. E., (2008). Wired: Energy drinks, jock identity, masculine norms, and risk taking. Journal of American College Health, 56, 481-490.
51. Muehlenkamp J. J., Gutierrez P. M., (2004). An investigation of differences between self-injurious behavior and suicide attempts in a sample of adolescents. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 34, 12-23.
52. Muehlenkamp J. J., Gutierrez P. M., (2007). Risk for suicide attempts among adolescents who engage in non-suicidal self-injury. Archives of Suicide Research, 11, 69-82.
53. Nock M. K., (2008). Actions speak louder than words: An elaborated theoretical model of the social functions of self-injury and other harmful behaviors. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 12, 159-168.
54. Nock M. K., (2010). Self-injury. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 6, 339-363.
55. Nock M. K., Joiner T. E., Gordon K. H., Lloyd-Richardson E., Prinstein M. J., (2006). Non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: Diagnostic correlates and relation to suicide attempts. Psychiatry Research, 144, 65-72.
56. Nock M. K., Prinstein M. J., (2004). A functional approach to the assessment of self-mutilative behavior. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 885-890.
57. Nock M. K., Prinstein M. J., (2005). Contextual features and behavioral functions of self-mutilation among adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 140.
58. Oquendo M. A., Ellis S. P., Greenwald S., Malone K. M., Weissman M. M., Mann J. J., (2001). Ethnic and sex differences in suicide rates relative to major depression in the United States. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 1652-1658.
59. Owen J. J., (2010). Assessing the factor structures of the 55- and 22-item versions of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory. American Journal of Men’s Health, 5, 118-128.
60. Pattison E. M., Kahan J., (1983). The deliberate self-harm syndrome. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 867-872.
61. Real T., (1999). I don’t want to talk about it: Overcoming the secret legacy of male depression. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
62. Skegg K., Nada-Raja S., Dickson N., Paul C., Williams S., (2003). Sexual orientation and self-harm in men and women. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 541-546.
63. Smiler A. P., (2006). Conforming to masculine norms: Evidence for validity among adult men and women. Sex Roles, 54, 767-775.
64. Sornberger M. J., Heath N. L., Toste J. R., McLouth R., (2012). Nonsuicidal self-injury and gender: Patterns of prevalence, methods, and locations among adolescents. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 42, 266-278.
65. St. Germain S. A., Hooley J. M. (2012). Direct and indirect forms of non-suicidal self-injury: Evidence for a distinction. Psychiatry Research, 197, 78-84.
66. Syzdek M. R., Addis M. E., Green J. D., Whorley M. R., Berger J. L., (2014). A pilot trial of gender-based motivational interviewing for help-seeking and internalizing symptoms in men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 15, 90.
67. U.S. Department of Justice. (1995-2006). Crime in the United States, 1995-2006. Washington, DC: Author.
68. Watson D., Clark L. A., Tellegen A., (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063.
69. Whitlock J., Eckenrode J., Silverman D., (2006). Self-injurious behaviors in a college population. Pediatrics, 117, 1939-1948.
70. Whitlock J., Muehlenkamp J., Eckenrode J., (2008). Variation in nonsuicidal self-injury: Identification and features of latent classes in a college population of emerging adults. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37, 725-735.
71. Whitlock J., Muehlenkamp J., Purington A., Eckenrode J., Barreira P., Baral Abrams G... Knox K., (2011). Nonsuicidal self-injury in a college population: General trends and sex differences. Journal of American College Health, 59, 691-698.
72. Whitlock J. L., Powers J. L., Eckenrode J., (2006). The virtual cutting edge: The internet and adolescent self-injury. Developmental Psychology, 42, 407.
73. Wide J., Mok H., McKenna M., Ogrodniczuk J. S., (2011). Effect of gender socialization on the presentation of depression among men: A pilot study. Canadian Family Physician, 57, e74-e78.
74. Wilkinson L., (1999). Statistical methods in psychology journals: Guidelines and explanations. American Psychologist, 54, 594.