메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue , 2017, Pages 3203-3210

E-cigarettes in patients with COPD: Current perspectives

Author keywords

COPD; Electronic cigarette; Smoking cessation; Tobacco harm reduction

Indexed keywords

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HARM REDUCTION; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; RESPIRATORY SYSTEM; RESPIRATORY TRACT PARAMETERS; REVIEW; SMOKING CESSATION; SMOKING HABIT; TOBACCO CONSUMPTION; VAPING; CIGARETTE SMOKING; ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE; LUNG; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROCEDURES; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 85032822180     PISSN: 11769106     EISSN: 11782005     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S135323     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (27)

References (101)
  • 1
    • 0003661910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed July 15, 2017
    • WHO. World Health Statistics 2008. Available from: http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/EN_WHS08_Full.pdf?ua=1. Accessed July 15, 2017.
    • (2008) World Health Statistics
  • 2
    • 27644565844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • discussion 90-91
    • MacNee W. Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2005;2(4):258-266; discussion 90-91.
    • (2005) Proc am Thorac Soc , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 258-266
    • Macnee, W.1
  • 3
    • 77952548792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologic and pharmacologic therapies in clinical development for the inflammatory response in COPD
    • Morjaria JB, Malerba M, Polosa R. Biologic and pharmacologic therapies in clinical development for the inflammatory response in COPD. Drug Discov Today. 2010;15(9-10):396-405.
    • (2010) Drug Discov Today , vol.15 , Issue.9-10 , pp. 396-405
    • Morjaria, J.B.1    Malerba, M.2    Polosa, R.3
  • 4
    • 0017402583 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of chronic airflow obstruction
    • Fletcher C, Peto R. The natural history of chronic airflow obstruction. Br Med J. 1977;1(6077):1645-1648.
    • (1977) Br Med J , vol.1 , Issue.6077 , pp. 1645-1648
    • Fletcher, C.1    Peto, R.2
  • 5
    • 0345188819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term treatment with inhaled budesonide in persons with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who continue smoking. European Respiratory Society Study on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
    • Pauwels RA, Lofdahl CG, Laitinen LA, et al. Long-term treatment with inhaled budesonide in persons with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who continue smoking. European Respiratory Society Study on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. N Engl J Med. 1999;340(25):1948-1953.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , Issue.25 , pp. 1948-1953
    • Pauwels, R.A.1    Lofdahl, C.G.2    Laitinen, L.A.3
  • 6
    • 0032696013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of high dose inhaled steroid on cells, cytokines, and proteases in induced sputum in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Culpitt SV, Maziak W, Loukidis S, Nightingale JA, Matthews JL, Barnes PJ. Effect of high dose inhaled steroid on cells, cytokines, and proteases in induced sputum in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160(5 pt 1):1635-1639.
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.160 , Issue.5 , pp. 1635-1639
    • Culpitt, S.V.1    Maziak, W.2    Loukidis, S.3    Nightingale, J.A.4    Matthews, J.L.5    Barnes, P.J.6
  • 7
    • 0008376153 scopus 로고
    • Smoking and carcinoma of the lung; preliminary report
    • Doll R, Hill AB. Smoking and carcinoma of the lung; preliminary report. Br Med J. 1950;2(4682):739-748.
    • (1950) Br Med J , vol.2 , Issue.4682 , pp. 739-748
    • Doll, R.1    Hill, A.B.2
  • 9
    • 75649139921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity
    • Finkelstein J, Cha E, Scharf SM. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2009;4:337-349.
    • (2009) Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis , vol.4 , pp. 337-349
    • Finkelstein, J.1    Cha, E.2    Scharf, S.M.3
  • 10
    • 84939464236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of cardiovascular comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Chen W, Thomas J, Sadatsafavi M, FitzGerald JM. Risk of cardiovascular comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2015;3(8):631-639.
    • (2015) Lancet Respir Med , vol.3 , Issue.8 , pp. 631-639
    • Chen, W.1    Thomas, J.2    Sadatsafavi, M.3    Fitzgerald, J.M.4
  • 11
    • 8744222654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of survival in severe, early onset COPD
    • Hersh CP, DeMeo DL, Al-Ansari E, et al. Predictors of survival in severe, early onset COPD. Chest. 2004;126(5):1443-1451.
    • (2004) Chest , vol.126 , Issue.5 , pp. 1443-1451
    • Hersh, C.P.1    Demeo, D.L.2    Al-Ansari, E.3
  • 12
    • 0027962628 scopus 로고
    • Effects of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV1. The Lung Health Study
    • Anthonisen NR, Connett JE, Kiley JP, et al. Effects of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV1. The Lung Health Study. JAMA. 1994;272(19):1497-1505.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.272 , Issue.19 , pp. 1497-1505
    • Anthonisen, N.R.1    Connett, J.E.2    Kiley, J.P.3
  • 13
    • 0029020730 scopus 로고
    • Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on longitudinal decline in pulmonary function
    • Burchfiel CM, Marcus EB, Curb JD, et al. Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on longitudinal decline in pulmonary function. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;151(6):1778-1785.
    • (1995) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.151 , Issue.6 , pp. 1778-1785
    • Burchfiel, C.M.1    Marcus, E.B.2    Curb, J.D.3
  • 14
    • 0033118384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of randomized assignment to a smoking cessation intervention and changes in smoking habits on respiratory symptoms in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The Lung Health Study
    • Kanner RE, Connett JE, Williams DE, Buist AS. Effects of randomized assignment to a smoking cessation intervention and changes in smoking habits on respiratory symptoms in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the Lung Health Study. Am J Med. 1999;106(4):410-416.
    • (1999) Am J Med , vol.106 , Issue.4 , pp. 410-416
    • Kanner, R.E.1    Connett, J.E.2    Williams, D.E.3    Buist, A.S.4
  • 15
    • 84893235639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services CfDCaP
    • US Department of Health and Human Services CfDCaP, editor. The health consequences of smoking: 50 years of progress: a report of the surgeon general. National Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services CfDCaP; 2014.
    • (2014) The Health Consequences of Smoking: 50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General
  • 16
    • 0942301180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shape of the relapse curve and long-term abstinence among untreated smokers
    • Hughes JR, Keely J, Naud S. Shape of the relapse curve and long-term abstinence among untreated smokers. Addiction. 2004;99(1):29-38.
    • (2004) Addiction , vol.99 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-38
    • Hughes, J.R.1    Keely, J.2    Naud, S.3
  • 17
    • 84862281430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation: Present status and future perspectives
    • Caponnetto P, Russo C, Polosa R. Smoking cessation: present status and future perspectives. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2012;12(3):229-237.
    • (2012) Curr Opin Pharmacol , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 229-237
    • Caponnetto, P.1    Russo, C.2    Polosa, R.3
  • 18
    • 79952588795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of nicotine addiction: Present therapeutic options and pipeline developments
    • Polosa R, Benowitz NL. Treatment of nicotine addiction: present therapeutic options and pipeline developments. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2011;32(5):281-289.
    • (2011) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.32 , Issue.5 , pp. 281-289
    • Polosa, R.1    Benowitz, N.L.2
  • 19
    • 84873171567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Handling relapse in smoking cessation: Strategies and recommendations
    • Caponnetto P, Keller E, Bruno CM, Polosa R. Handling relapse in smoking cessation: strategies and recommendations. Intern Emerg Med. 2013;8(1):7-12.
    • (2013) Intern Emerg Med , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-12
    • Caponnetto, P.1    Keller, E.2    Bruno, C.M.3    Polosa, R.4
  • 20
    • 84938546472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Tashkin DP. Smoking cessation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;36(4):491-507.
    • (2015) Semin Respir Crit Care Med , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. 491-507
    • Tashkin, D.P.1
  • 22
    • 0034929137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking characteristics: Differences in attitudes and dependence between healthy smokers and smokers with COPD
    • Jimenez-Ruiz CA, Masa F, Miravitlles M, et al. Smoking characteristics: differences in attitudes and dependence between healthy smokers and smokers with COPD. Chest. 2001;119(5):1365-1370.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.119 , Issue.5 , pp. 1365-1370
    • Jimenez-Ruiz, C.A.1    Masa, F.2    Miravitlles, M.3
  • 23
    • 79956074035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression
    • Zhang MW, Ho RC, Cheung MW, Fu E, Mak A. Prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2011;33(3):217-223.
    • (2011) Gen Hosp Psychiatry , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 217-223
    • Zhang, M.W.1    Ho, R.C.2    Cheung, M.W.3    Fu, E.4    Mak, A.5
  • 25
    • 84908051522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarettes: Review of use, content, safety, effects on smokers and potential for harm and benefit
    • Hajek P, Etter JF, Benowitz N, Eissenberg T, McRobbie H. Electronic cigarettes: review of use, content, safety, effects on smokers and potential for harm and benefit. Addiction. 2014;109(11):1801-1810.
    • (2014) Addiction , vol.109 , Issue.11 , pp. 1801-1810
    • Hajek, P.1    Etter, J.F.2    Benowitz, N.3    Eissenberg, T.4    McRobbie, H.5
  • 26
    • 84978897988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New pharmacological agents to aid smoking cessation and tobacco harm reduction: What has been investigated, and what is in the pipeline?
    • Beard E, Shahab L, Cummings DM, Michie S, West R. New pharmacological agents to aid smoking cessation and tobacco harm reduction: what has been investigated, and what is in the pipeline? CNS Drugs. 2016;30(10):951-983.
    • (2016) CNS Drugs , vol.30 , Issue.10 , pp. 951-983
    • Beard, E.1    Shahab, L.2    Cummings, D.M.3    Michie, S.4    West, R.5
  • 27
    • 84959496878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication No: US 2007/0267031 A1. United States patent PCT/CN2005/000337, 22
    • Hon L, inventor; Electronic atomization cigarette. Publication No: US 2007/0267031 A1. United States patent PCT/CN2005/000337. 2007 Nov 22.
    • (2007) Inventor; Electronic Atomization Cigarette
    • Hon, L.1
  • 28
    • 84896962498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: A systematic review
    • Farsalinos KE, Polosa R. Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: a systematic review. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2014;5(2):67-86.
    • (2014) Ther Adv Drug Saf , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 67-86
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Polosa, R.2
  • 29
    • 84990218384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarette use in the European Union: Analysis of a representative sample of 27 460 Europeans from 28 countries
    • Farsalinos KE, Poulas K, Voudris V, Le Houezec J. Electronic cigarette use in the European Union: analysis of a representative sample of 27 460 Europeans from 28 countries. Addiction. 2016;111(11):2032-2040.
    • (2016) Addiction , vol.111 , Issue.11 , pp. 2032-2040
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Poulas, K.2    Voudris, V.3    Le Houezec, J.4
  • 30
    • 84888871245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine blood levels and short-term smoking reduction with an electronic nicotine delivery system
    • Nides MA, Leischow SJ, Bhatter M, Simmons M. Nicotine blood levels and short-term smoking reduction with an electronic nicotine delivery system. Am J Health Behav. 2014;38(2):265-274.
    • (2014) Am J Health Behav , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 265-274
    • Nides, M.A.1    Leischow, S.J.2    Bhatter, M.3    Simmons, M.4
  • 31
    • 84898928389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine absorption from electronic cigarette use: Comparison between first and new-generation devices
    • Farsalinos KE, Spyrou A, Tsimopoulou K, Stefopoulos C, Romagna G, Voudris V. Nicotine absorption from electronic cigarette use: comparison between first and new-generation devices. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4133.
    • (2014) Sci Rep , vol.4 , pp. 4133
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Spyrou, A.2    Tsimopoulou, K.3    Stefopoulos, C.4    Romagna, G.5    Voudris, V.6
  • 32
    • 84959524150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Throat hit in users of the electronic cigarette: An exploratory study
    • Etter JF. Throat hit in users of the electronic cigarette: an exploratory study. Psychol Addict Behav. 2016;30(1):93-100.
    • (2016) Psychol Addict Behav , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-100
    • Etter, J.F.1
  • 33
    • 84964999258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of electronic cigarette liquid nicotine concentration on plasma nicotine and puff topography in tobacco cigarette smokers: A preliminary report
    • Lopez AA, Hiler MM, Soule EK, et al. Effects of electronic cigarette liquid nicotine concentration on plasma nicotine and puff topography in tobacco cigarette smokers: a preliminary report. Nicotine Tob Res. 2016;18(5):720-723.
    • (2016) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 720-723
    • Lopez, A.A.1    Hiler, M.M.2    Soule, E.K.3
  • 34
  • 36
    • 85032827497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans
    • editor. Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking 2004. Geneva: World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer
    • World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. In: Cancer IAfRo, editor. Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking 2004. Geneva: World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2004.
    • (2004) Cancer Iafro
  • 37
    • 0031966557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis to assess the incidence of adverse effects associated with the transdermal nicotine patch
    • Greenland S, Satterfield MH, Lanes SF. A meta-analysis to assess the incidence of adverse effects associated with the transdermal nicotine patch. Drug Saf. 1998;18(4):297-308.
    • (1998) Drug Saf , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 297-308
    • Greenland, S.1    Satterfield, M.H.2    Lanes, S.F.3
  • 38
    • 84938981950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rapid method for the chromatographic analysis of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath of tobacco cigarette and electronic cigarette smokers
    • Marco E, Grimalt JO. A rapid method for the chromatographic analysis of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath of tobacco cigarette and electronic cigarette smokers. J Chromatogr A. 2015;1410:51-59.
    • (2015) J Chromatogr A , vol.1410 , pp. 51-59
    • Marco, E.1    Grimalt, J.O.2
  • 39
    • 84893908308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of selected carcinogens and toxicants in vapour from electronic cigarettes
    • Goniewicz ML, Knysak J, Gawron M, et al. Levels of selected carcinogens and toxicants in vapour from electronic cigarettes. Tob Control. 2014;23(2):133-139.
    • (2014) Tob Control , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-139
    • Goniewicz, M.L.1    Knysak, J.2    Gawron, M.3
  • 40
    • 84991666710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical composition of aerosol from an e-cigarette: A quantitative comparison with cigarette smoke
    • Margham J, McAdam K, Forster M, et al. Chemical composition of aerosol from an e-cigarette: a quantitative comparison with cigarette smoke. Chem Res Toxicol. 2016;29(10):1662-1678.
    • (2016) Chem Res Toxicol , vol.29 , Issue.10 , pp. 1662-1678
    • Margham, J.1    McAdam, K.2    Forster, M.3
  • 44
    • 84897360903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the harms of nicotine-containing products using the MCDA approach
    • Nutt DJ, Phillips LD, Balfour D, et al. Estimating the harms of nicotine-containing products using the MCDA approach. Eur Addict Res. 2014;20(5):218-225.
    • (2014) Eur Addict Res , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 218-225
    • Nutt, D.J.1    Phillips, L.D.2    Balfour, D.3
  • 45
    • 85017359616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine, carcinogen, and toxin exposure in long-term E-cigarette and nicotine replacement therapy users: A cross-sectional study
    • Shahab L, Goniewicz ML, Blount BC, et al. Nicotine, carcinogen, and toxin exposure in long-term E-cigarette and nicotine replacement therapy users: a cross-sectional study. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(6):390-400.
    • (2017) Ann Intern Med , vol.166 , Issue.6 , pp. 390-400
    • Shahab, L.1    Goniewicz, M.L.2    Blount, B.C.3
  • 46
    • 84978160750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reductions in biomarkers of exposure (BoE) to harmful or potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes in adult smokers
    • O’Connell G, Graff DW, D’Ruiz CD. Reductions in biomarkers of exposure (BoE) to harmful or potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes in adult smokers. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2016;26(6):443-454.
    • (2016) Toxicol Mech Methods , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 443-454
    • O’Connell, G.1    Graff, D.W.2    D’Ruiz, C.D.3
  • 47
    • 85031923772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to nicotine and selected toxicants in cigarette smokers who switched to electronic cigarettes: A longitudinal within-subjects observational study
    • Goniewicz ML, Gawron M, Smith DM, Peng M, Jacob P 3rd, Benowitz NL. Exposure to nicotine and selected toxicants in cigarette smokers who switched to electronic cigarettes: a longitudinal within-subjects observational study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2017;19(2):160-167.
    • (2017) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 160-167
    • Goniewicz, M.L.1    Gawron, M.2    Smith, D.M.3    Peng, M.4    Jacob, P.5    Benowitz, N.L.6
  • 48
    • 84941772316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of switching to electronic cigarettes with and without concurrent smoking on exposure to nicotine, carbon monoxide, and acrolein
    • McRobbie H, Phillips A, Goniewicz ML, et al. Effects of switching to electronic cigarettes with and without concurrent smoking on exposure to nicotine, carbon monoxide, and acrolein. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2015;8(9):873-878.
    • (2015) Cancer Prev Res (Phila) , vol.8 , Issue.9 , pp. 873-878
    • McRobbie, H.1    Phillips, A.2    Goniewicz, M.L.3
  • 49
    • 84884964548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fresh look at tobacco harm reduction: The case for the electronic cigarette
    • Polosa R, Rodu B, Caponnetto P, Maglia M, Raciti C. A fresh look at tobacco harm reduction: the case for the electronic cigarette. Harm Reduct J. 2013;10:19.
    • (2013) Harm Reduct J , vol.10 , pp. 19
    • Polosa, R.1    Rodu, B.2    Caponnetto, P.3    Maglia, M.4    Raciti, C.5
  • 51
    • 84899138644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics, perceived side effects and benefits of electronic cigarette use: A worldwide survey of more than 19,000 consumers
    • Farsalinos KE, Romagna G, Tsiapras D, Kyrzopoulos S, Voudris V. Characteristics, perceived side effects and benefits of electronic cigarette use: a worldwide survey of more than 19,000 consumers. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014;11(4):4356-4373.
    • (2014) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 4356-4373
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Romagna, G.2    Tsiapras, D.3    Kyrzopoulos, S.4    Voudris, V.5
  • 52
    • 84922447218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of electronic cigarette use among a population-based sample of adult smokers: Association with smoking cessation and motivation to quit
    • Biener L, Hargraves JL. A longitudinal study of electronic cigarette use among a population-based sample of adult smokers: association with smoking cessation and motivation to quit. Nicotine Tob Res. 2015;17(2):127-133.
    • (2015) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-133
    • Biener, L.1    Hargraves, J.L.2
  • 53
    • 84931592145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Awareness, trial, and current use of electronic cigarettes in 10 countries: Findings from the ITC project
    • Gravely S, Fong GT, Cummings KM, et al. Awareness, trial, and current use of electronic cigarettes in 10 countries: findings from the ITC project. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014;11(11):11691-11704.
    • (2014) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.11 , Issue.11 , pp. 11691-11704
    • Gravely, S.1    Fong, G.T.2    Cummings, K.M.3
  • 54
    • 84922449397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in awareness and use of electronic cigarettes among US adults, 2010-2013
    • King BA, Patel R, Nguyen KH, Dube SR. Trends in awareness and use of electronic cigarettes among US adults, 2010-2013. Nicotine Tob Res. 2015;17(2):219-227.
    • (2015) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 219-227
    • King, B.A.1    Patel, R.2    Nguyen, K.H.3    Dube, S.R.4
  • 55
    • 85014208217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and correlates of current daily use of electronic cigarettes in the European Union: Analysis of the 2014 Eurobarometer survey. Intern Emerg Med
    • 4
    • Farsalinos KE, Poulas K, Voudris V, Le Houezec J. Prevalence and correlates of current daily use of electronic cigarettes in the European Union: analysis of the 2014 Eurobarometer survey. Intern Emerg Med. Epub 2017 Mar 4.
    • (2017) Epub
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Poulas, K.2    Voudris, V.3    Le Houezec, J.4
  • 56
    • 84991311680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-cigarettes and smoking cessation: A critique of a New England journal medicine-commissioned case study
    • Polosa R, Caponnetto P. E-cigarettes and smoking cessation: a critique of a New England journal medicine-commissioned case study. Intern Emerg Med. 2017;12(1):129-131.
    • (2017) Intern Emerg Med , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 129-131
    • Polosa, R.1    Caponnetto, P.2
  • 57
    • 84927609895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-world effectiveness of e-cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation: A cross-sectional population study
    • Brown J, Beard E, Kotz D, Michie S, West R. Real-world effectiveness of e-cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation: a cross-sectional population study. Addiction. 2014;109(9):1531-1540.
    • (2014) Addiction , vol.109 , Issue.9 , pp. 1531-1540
    • Brown, J.1    Beard, E.2    Kotz, D.3    Michie, S.4    West, R.5
  • 58
    • 84931573677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the use of electronic cigarettes while smoking associated with smoking cessation attempts, cessation and reduced cigarette consumption? A survey with a 1-year follow-up
    • Brose LS, Hitchman SC, Brown J, West R, McNeill A. Is the use of electronic cigarettes while smoking associated with smoking cessation attempts, cessation and reduced cigarette consumption? A survey with a 1-year follow-up. Addiction. 2015;110(7):1160-1168.
    • (2015) Addiction , vol.110 , Issue.7 , pp. 1160-1168
    • Brose, L.S.1    Hitchman, S.C.2    Brown, J.3    West, R.4    McNeill, A.5
  • 59
    • 84954488936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adding E-cigarettes to specialist stop-smoking treatment: City of London pilot project
    • Hajek P, Corbin L, Ladmore D, Spearing E. Adding E-cigarettes to specialist stop-smoking treatment: city of London pilot project. J Addict Res Ther. 2015;6(3):1000244.
    • (2015) J Addict Res Ther , vol.6 , Issue.3
    • Hajek, P.1    Corbin, L.2    Ladmore, D.3    Spearing, E.4
  • 60
    • 84927582915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quit and smoking reduction rates in vape shop consumers: A prospective 12-month survey
    • Polosa R, Caponnetto P, Cibella F, Le-Houezec J. Quit and smoking reduction rates in vape shop consumers: a prospective 12-month survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(4):3428-3438.
    • (2015) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 3428-3438
    • Polosa, R.1    Caponnetto, P.2    Cibella, F.3    Le-Houezec, J.4
  • 61
    • 84927654819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemically verified smoking cessation and vaping beliefs among vape store customers
    • Tackett AP, Lechner WV, Meier E, et al. Biochemically verified smoking cessation and vaping beliefs among vape store customers. Addiction. 2015;110(5):868-874.
    • (2015) Addiction , vol.110 , Issue.5 , pp. 868-874
    • Tackett, A.P.1    Lechner, W.V.2    Meier, E.3
  • 62
    • 84961705026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protocol proposal for, and evaluation of, consistency in nicotine delivery from the liquid to the aerosol of electronic cigarettes atomizers: Regulatory implications
    • Farsalinos KE, Yannovits N, Sarri T, Voudris V, Poulas K. Protocol proposal for, and evaluation of, consistency in nicotine delivery from the liquid to the aerosol of electronic cigarettes atomizers: regulatory implications. Addiction. 2016;111(6):1069-1076.
    • (2016) Addiction , vol.111 , Issue.6 , pp. 1069-1076
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Yannovits, N.2    Sarri, T.3    Voudris, V.4    Poulas, K.5
  • 63
  • 64
    • 84879475265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EffiCiency and safety of an eLectronic cigAreTte (ECLAT) as tobacco cigarettes substitute: A prospective 12-month randomized control design study
    • Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Cibella F, et al. EffiCiency and safety of an eLectronic cigAreTte (ECLAT) as tobacco cigarettes substitute: a prospective 12-month randomized control design study. PLoS One. 2013;8(6):e66317.
    • (2013) Plos One , vol.8 , Issue.6
    • Caponnetto, P.1    Campagna, D.2    Cibella, F.3
  • 65
    • 84887680599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: A randomised controlled trial
    • Bullen C, Howe C, Laugesen M, et al. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2013;382(9905):1629-1637.
    • (2013) Lancet , vol.382 , Issue.9905 , pp. 1629-1637
    • Bullen, C.1    Howe, C.2    Laugesen, M.3
  • 66
    • 84908353124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of the electronic cigarette: An eight-week Flemish study with six-month follow-up on smoking reduction, craving and experienced benefits and complaints
    • Adriaens K, Van Gucht D, Declerck P, Baeyens F. Effectiveness of the electronic cigarette: an eight-week Flemish study with six-month follow-up on smoking reduction, craving and experienced benefits and complaints. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014;11(11):11220-11248.
    • (2014) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.11 , Issue.11 , pp. 11220-11248
    • Adriaens, K.1    Van Gucht, D.2    Declerck, P.3    Baeyens, F.4
  • 67
    • 84960538213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the population impact of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation in England
    • West R, Shahab L, Brown J. Estimating the population impact of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation in England. Addiction. 2016;111(6):1118-1119.
    • (2016) Addiction , vol.111 , Issue.6 , pp. 1118-1119
    • West, R.1    Shahab, L.2    Brown, J.3
  • 70
    • 84924719277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Success rates with nicotine personal vaporizers: A prospective 6-month pilot study of smokers not intending to quit
    • Polosa R, Caponnetto P, Maglia M, Morjaria JB, Russo C. Success rates with nicotine personal vaporizers: a prospective 6-month pilot study of smokers not intending to quit. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:1159.
    • (2014) BMC Public Health , vol.14 , pp. 1159
    • Polosa, R.1    Caponnetto, P.2    Maglia, M.3    Morjaria, J.B.4    Russo, C.5
  • 72
    • 0034828010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental exposure to propylene glycol mist in aviation emergency training: Acute ocular and respiratory effects
    • Wieslander G, Norback D, Lindgren T. Experimental exposure to propylene glycol mist in aviation emergency training: acute ocular and respiratory effects. Occup Environ Med. 2001;58(10):649-655.
    • (2001) Occup Environ Med , vol.58 , Issue.10 , pp. 649-655
    • Wieslander, G.1    Norback, D.2    Lindgren, T.3
  • 73
    • 80053630191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device (E-Cigarette) on smoking reduction and cessation: A prospective 6-month pilot study
    • Polosa R, Caponnetto P, Morjaria JB, Papale G, Campagna D, Russo C. Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device (e-Cigarette) on smoking reduction and cessation: a prospective 6-month pilot study. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:786.
    • (2011) BMC Public Health , vol.11 , pp. 786
    • Polosa, R.1    Caponnetto, P.2    Morjaria, J.B.3    Papale, G.4    Campagna, D.5    Russo, C.6
  • 74
    • 84973375597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicted deposition of E-cigarette aerosol in the human lungs
    • Sosnowski TR, Kramek-Romanowska K. Predicted deposition of E-cigarette aerosol in the human lungs. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2016;29(3):299-309.
    • (2016) J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 299-309
    • Sosnowski, T.R.1    Kramek-Romanowska, K.2
  • 75
    • 84988880030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time measurement of electronic cigarette aerosol size distribution and metals content analysis
    • Mikheev VB, Brinkman MC, Granville CA, Gordon SM, Clark PI. Real-time measurement of electronic cigarette aerosol size distribution and metals content analysis. Nicotine Tob Res. 2016;18(9):1895-1902.
    • (2016) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 1895-1902
    • Mikheev, V.B.1    Brinkman, M.C.2    Granville, C.A.3    Gordon, S.M.4    Clark, P.I.5
  • 76
    • 84925372439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol deposition doses in the human respiratory tree of electronic cigarette smokers
    • Manigrasso M, Buonanno G, Fuoco FC, Stabile L, Avino P. Aerosol deposition doses in the human respiratory tree of electronic cigarette smokers. Environ Pollut. 2015;196:257-267.
    • (2015) Environ Pollut , vol.196 , pp. 257-267
    • Manigrasso, M.1    Buonanno, G.2    Fuoco, F.C.3    Stabile, L.4    Avino, P.5
  • 77
    • 84925356752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particle doses in the pulmonary lobes of electronic and conventional cigarette users
    • Manigrasso M, Buonanno G, Stabile L, Morawska L, Avino P. Particle doses in the pulmonary lobes of electronic and conventional cigarette users. Environ Pollut. 2015;202:24-31.
    • (2015) Environ Pollut , vol.202 , pp. 24-31
    • Manigrasso, M.1    Buonanno, G.2    Stabile, L.3    Morawska, L.4    Avino, P.5
  • 78
    • 84907217555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarette liquid increases inflammation and virus infection in primary human airway epithelial cells
    • Wu Q, Jiang D, Minor M, Chu HW. Electronic cigarette liquid increases inflammation and virus infection in primary human airway epithelial cells. PLoS One. 2014;9(9):e108342.
    • (2014) Plos One , vol.9 , Issue.9
    • Wu, Q.1    Jiang, D.2    Minor, M.3    Chu, H.W.4
  • 79
    • 84862006677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term pulmonary effects of using an electronic cigarette: Impact on respiratory flow resistance, impedance, and exhaled nitric oxide
    • Vardavas CI, Anagnostopoulos N, Kougias M, Evangelopoulou V, Connolly GN, Behrakis PK. Short-term pulmonary effects of using an electronic cigarette: impact on respiratory flow resistance, impedance, and exhaled nitric oxide. Chest. 2012;141(6):1400-1406.
    • (2012) Chest , vol.141 , Issue.6 , pp. 1400-1406
    • Vardavas, C.I.1    Anagnostopoulos, N.2    Kougias, M.3    Evangelopoulou, V.4    Connolly, G.N.5    Behrakis, P.K.6
  • 80
    • 84873313194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute impact of active and passive electronic cigarette smoking on serum cotinine and lung function
    • Flouris AD, Chorti MS, Poulianiti KP, et al. Acute impact of active and passive electronic cigarette smoking on serum cotinine and lung function. Inhal Toxicol. 2013;25(2):91-101.
    • (2013) Inhal Toxicol , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-101
    • Flouris, A.D.1    Chorti, M.S.2    Poulianiti, K.P.3
  • 81
    • 84944028449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of a nicotine-free e-cigarette compared to a traditional cigarette in smokers and non-smokers
    • Ferrari M, Zanasi A, Nardi E, et al. Short-term effects of a nicotine-free e-cigarette compared to a traditional cigarette in smokers and non-smokers. BMC Pulm Med. 2015;15:120.
    • (2015) BMC Pulm Med , vol.15 , pp. 120
    • Ferrari, M.1    Zanasi, A.2    Nardi, E.3
  • 82
    • 84979530068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in breathomics from a 1-year randomized smoking cessation trial of electronic cigarettes
    • Campagna D, Cibella F, Caponnetto P, et al. Changes in breathomics from a 1-year randomized smoking cessation trial of electronic cigarettes. Eur J Clin Invest. 2016;46(8):698-706.
    • (2016) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.46 , Issue.8 , pp. 698-706
    • Campagna, D.1    Cibella, F.2    Caponnetto, P.3
  • 83
    • 85018429565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lung function and respiratory symptoms in a randomized smoking cessation trial of electronic cigarettes
    • Cibella F, Campagna D, Caponnetto P, et al. Lung function and respiratory symptoms in a randomized smoking cessation trial of electronic cigarettes. Clin Sci (Lond). 2016;130(21):1929-1937.
    • (2016) Clin Sci (Lond) , vol.130 , Issue.21 , pp. 1929-1937
    • Cibella, F.1    Campagna, D.2    Caponnetto, P.3
  • 84
    • 85009819798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of electronic cigarettes among U.S. Adults with medical comorbidities
    • Kruse GR, Kalkhoran S, Rigotti NA. Use of electronic cigarettes among U.S. adults with medical comorbidities. Am J Prev Med. 2017;52(6):798-804.
    • (2017) Am J Prev Med , vol.52 , Issue.6 , pp. 798-804
    • Kruse, G.R.1    Kalkhoran, S.2    Rigotti, N.A.3
  • 85
    • 85006391480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for harm reduction in COPD smokers who switch to electronic cigarettes
    • Polosa R, Morjaria JB, Caponnetto P, et al. Evidence for harm reduction in COPD smokers who switch to electronic cigarettes. Respir Res. 2016;17(1):166.
    • (2016) Respir Res , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 166
    • Polosa, R.1    Morjaria, J.B.2    Caponnetto, P.3
  • 86
    • 0034063821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation and lung function in mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study
    • Scanlon PD, Connett JE, Waller LA, et al. Smoking cessation and lung function in mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161(2 pt 1):381-390.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , Issue.2 , pp. 381-390
    • Scanlon, P.D.1    Connett, J.E.2    Waller, L.A.3
  • 87
    • 80052967109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lung function and respiratory symptoms in a 1-year randomized smoking cessation trial of varenicline in COPD patients
    • Tashkin DP, Rennard S, Taylor Hays J, Lawrence D, Marton JP, Lee TC. Lung function and respiratory symptoms in a 1-year randomized smoking cessation trial of varenicline in COPD patients. Respir Med. 2011;105(11):1682-1690.
    • (2011) Respir Med , vol.105 , Issue.11 , pp. 1682-1690
    • Tashkin, D.P.1    Rennard, S.2    Taylor Hays, J.3    Lawrence, D.4    Marton, J.P.5    Lee, T.C.6
  • 88
    • 84881025859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and mechanisms of susceptibility to infections of the respiratory tract and other organ systems
    • Feldman C, Anderson R. Cigarette smoking and mechanisms of susceptibility to infections of the respiratory tract and other organ systems. J Infect. 2013;67(3):169-184.
    • (2013) J Infect , vol.67 , Issue.3 , pp. 169-184
    • Feldman, C.1    Erson, R.2
  • 89
    • 0036580648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cigarette smoke on the immune system
    • Sopori M. Effects of cigarette smoke on the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol. 2002;2(5):372-377.
    • (2002) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 372-377
    • Sopori, M.1
  • 90
    • 85006336943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory infections and pneumonia: Potential benefits of switching from smoking to vaping
    • Campagna D, Amaradio MD, Sands MF, Polosa R. Respiratory infections and pneumonia: potential benefits of switching from smoking to vaping. Pneumonia (Nathan). 2016;8:4.
    • (2016) Pneumonia (Nathan) , vol.8 , pp. 4
    • Campagna, D.1    Amaradio, M.D.2    Sands, M.F.3    Polosa, R.4
  • 91
    • 84984652751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic electronic cigarette exposure in mice induces features of COPD in a nicotine-dependent manner
    • Garcia-Arcos I, Geraghty P, Baumlin N, et al. Chronic electronic cigarette exposure in mice induces features of COPD in a nicotine-dependent manner. Thorax. 2016;71(12):1119-1129.
    • (2016) Thorax , vol.71 , Issue.12 , pp. 1119-1129
    • Garcia-Arcos, I.1    Geraghty, P.2    Baumlin, N.3
  • 92
    • 85028923284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variable susceptibility to cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in 34 inbred strains of mice implicates Abi3bp in emphysema susceptibility
    • Radder JE, Gregory AD, Leme AS, et al. Variable susceptibility to cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in 34 inbred strains of mice implicates Abi3bp in emphysema susceptibility. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2017;57(3):367-375.
    • (2017) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.57 , Issue.3 , pp. 367-375
    • Radder, J.E.1    Gregory, A.D.2    Leme, A.S.3
  • 93
    • 48949119468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoke-mediated inflammatory and oxidative responses are strain-dependent in mice
    • Yao H, Edirisinghe I, Rajendrasozhan S, et al. Cigarette smoke-mediated inflammatory and oxidative responses are strain-dependent in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2008;294(6):L1174-L1186.
    • (2008) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , vol.294 , Issue.6 , pp. L1174-L1186
    • Yao, H.1    Edirisinghe, I.2    Rajendrasozhan, S.3
  • 94
    • 59349086618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strain-dependent differences in susceptibility to lung cancer in inbred mice exposed to mainstream cigarette smoke
    • Gordon T, Bosland M. Strain-dependent differences in susceptibility to lung cancer in inbred mice exposed to mainstream cigarette smoke. Cancer Lett. 2009;275(2):213-220.
    • (2009) Cancer Lett , vol.275 , Issue.2 , pp. 213-220
    • Gordon, T.1    Bosland, M.2
  • 95
    • 84877301490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-cryptoxanthin restores nicotine-reduced lung SIRT1 to normal levels and inhibits nicotine-promoted lung tumorigenesis and emphysema in A/J mice
    • Iskandar AR, Liu C, Smith DE, et al. beta-cryptoxanthin restores nicotine-reduced lung SIRT1 to normal levels and inhibits nicotine-promoted lung tumorigenesis and emphysema in A/J mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2013;6(4):309-320.
    • (2013) Cancer Prev Res (Phila) , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 309-320
    • Iskandar, A.R.1    Liu, C.2    Smith, D.E.3
  • 96
    • 84928235023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarette use and harm reversal: Emerging evidence in the lung
    • Polosa R. Electronic cigarette use and harm reversal: emerging evidence in the lung. BMC Med. 2015;13:54.
    • (2015) BMC Med , vol.13 , pp. 54
    • Polosa, R.1
  • 97
    • 84961603966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persisting long term benefits of smoking abstinence and reduction in asthmatic smokers who have switched to electronic cigarettes
    • Polosa R, Morjaria JB, Caponnetto P, et al. Persisting long term benefits of smoking abstinence and reduction in asthmatic smokers who have switched to electronic cigarettes. Discov Med. 2016;21(114):99-108.
    • (2016) Discov Med , vol.21 , Issue.114 , pp. 99-108
    • Polosa, R.1    Morjaria, J.B.2    Caponnetto, P.3
  • 98
    • 84900500097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of smoking abstinence and reduction in asthmatic smokers switching to electronic cigarettes: Evidence for harm reversal
    • Polosa R, Morjaria J, Caponnetto P, et al. Effect of smoking abstinence and reduction in asthmatic smokers switching to electronic cigarettes: evidence for harm reversal. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014;11(5):4965-4977.
    • (2014) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 4965-4977
    • Polosa, R.1    Morjaria, J.2    Caponnetto, P.3
  • 99
    • 84944460885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What to advise to respiratory patients intending to use electronic cigarettes
    • Polosa R, Campagna D, Caponnetto P. What to advise to respiratory patients intending to use electronic cigarettes. Discov Med. 2015;20(109):155-161.
    • (2015) Discov Med , vol.20 , Issue.109 , pp. 155-161
    • Polosa, R.1    Campagna, D.2    Caponnetto, P.3
  • 100
    • 85032810210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • webpage on the Internet, Accessed July 15, 2017
    • European Committee for Standardization 2015 [webpage on the Internet]. Electronic Cigarettes and E-Liquids (CEN/TC 437). Available from: https://www.cen.eu/news/brief-news/Pages/NEWS-2015-002.aspx. Accessed July 15, 2017.
    • Electronic Cigarettes and E-Liquids (CEN/TC 437)
  • 101
    • 84930048291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What to consider when regulating electronic cigarettes: Pros, cons and unintended consequences
    • Caponnetto P, Saitta D, Sweanor D, Polosa R. What to consider when regulating electronic cigarettes: pros, cons and unintended consequences. Int J Drug Policy. 2015;26(6):554-559.
    • (2015) Int J Drug Policy , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 554-559
    • Caponnetto, P.1    Saitta, D.2    Sweanor, D.3    Polosa, R.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.