ACE inhibitors and statins in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 377, Issue 18, 2017, Pages 1733-1745

  Marcovecchio, M Loredana ^a   Chiesa, Scott T ^d   Bond, Simon ^c   Daneman, Denis ^h   Dawson, Sarah ^c   Donaghue, Kim C ⁱ   Jones, Timothy W ^j   Mahmud, Farid H ^h   Marshall, Sally M ^f   Neil, H Andrew W ^g   Dalton, R Neil ^e   Deanfield, John ^d   Dunger, David B ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL   (United Kingdom)

^c ADDENBROOKE S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^e ST THOMAS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^f NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^g UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^h HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^j UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN A1; APOLIPOPROTEIN B; ATORVASTATIN; CYSTATIN C; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO; QUINAPRIL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; CREATININE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LIPID;

ADOLESCENT; ALBUMIN TO CREATININE RATIO; ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; CANADA; CHILD; CLINICAL OUTCOME; CONTROLLED STUDY; COUGHING; DISEASE COURSE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG EFFECT; ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MICROALBUMINURIA; MULTICENTER STUDY; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RETINOPATHY; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; UNITED KINGDOM; ALBUMINURIA; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; BLOOD; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMBINATION DRUG THERAPY; COMPLICATION; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1; MEDICATION COMPLIANCE; URINE;

ADOLESCENT; ALBUMINURIA; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; AREA UNDER CURVE; CHILD; CREATININE; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; LIPIDS; MALE; MEDICATION ADHERENCE;

EID: 85032737215     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1703518     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Livingstone SJ, Levin D, Looker HC, et al. Estimated life expectancy in a Scottish cohort with type 1 diabetes, 2008-2010. JAMA 2015;313:37-44.
2. Secrest AM, Becker DJ, Kelsey SF, Laporte RE, Orchard TJ. Cause-specific mortality trends in a large population-based cohort with long-standing childhood-onset type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2010;59:3216-22.
3. Amin R, Widmer B, Prevost AT, et al. Risk of microalbuminuria and progression to macroalbuminuria in a cohort with childhood onset type 1 diabetes: prospective observational study. BMJ 2008;336: 697-701.
4. Dunger DB, Schwarze CP, Cooper JD, et al. Can we identify adolescents at high risk for nephropathy before the development of microalbuminuria? Diabet Med 2007;24:131-6.
5. Marcovecchio ML, Dalton RN, Schwarze CP, et al. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements are related to albumin excretion and are predictive for risk of microalbuminuria in young people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2009;52: 1173-81.
6. Marcovecchio ML, Giannini C, Widmer B, et al. C-reactive protein in relation to the development of microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes: the Oxford Regional Prospective Study. Diabetes Care 2008;31: 974-6.
7. Marcovecchio ML, Dalton RN, Prevost AT, et al. Prevalence of abnormal lipid profiles and the relationship with the development of microalbuminuria in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009;32:658-63.
8. Krantz JS, Mack WJ, Hodis HN, Liu C-R, Liu C-H, Kaufman FR. Early onset of subclinical atherosclerosis in young persons with type 1 diabetes. J Pediatr 2004; 145:452-7.
9. Maftei O, Pena AS, Sullivan T, et al. Early atherosclerosis relates to urinary albumin excretion and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Adolescent type 1 Diabetes cardio-renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT). Diabetes Care 2014;37:3069-75.
10. Sasongko MB, Wong TY, Donaghue KC, et al. Retinal arteriolar tortuosity is associated with retinopathy and early kidney dysfunction in type 1 diabetes. Am J Ophthalmol 2012;153(1):176-83.e1.
11. ACE Inhibitors in Diabetic Nephropathy Trialist Group. Should all patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria receive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors? A meta-analysis of individual patient data. Ann Intern Med 2001;134:370-9.
12. Cook J, Daneman D, Spino M, Sochett E, Perlman K, Balfe JW. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor therapy to decrease microalbuminuria in normotensive children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr 1990;117:39-45.
13. Rudberg S, Osterby R, Bangstad HJ, Dahlquist G, Persson B. Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or beta blocker on glomerular structural changes in young microalbuminuric patients with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1999;42:589-95.
14. Yüksel H, Darcan S, Kabasakal C, Cura A, Mir S, Mavi E. Effect of enalapril on proteinuria, phosphaturia, and calciuria in insulin-dependent diabetes. Pediatr Nephrol 1998;12:648-50.
15. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2008;371:117-25.
16. Marcovecchio ML, Woodside J, Jones T, et al. Adolescent type 1 Diabetes cardio-renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT): urinary screening and baseline biochemical and cardiovascular assessments. Diabetes Care 2014;37:805-13.
17. Cho YH, Craig ME, Davis EA, et al. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is associated with high-risk albumin-to-creatinine ratio in young adolescents with type 1 diabetes in AdDIT (Adolescent type 1 Diabetes cardio-renal Interventional Trial). Diabetes Care 2015;38:676-81.
18. Adolescent type 1 Diabetes cardio-renal Intervention Trial Research Group. Adolescent type 1 Diabetes cardio-renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT). BMC Pediatr 2009;9:79.
19. World Health Organization. Recognizing adolescence. 2017 (http://apps.who.int/adolescent/second-decade/section2/page1/recognizing-adolescence.html).
20. Vrijens B, Tousset E, Rode R, Bertz R, Mayer S, Urquhart J. Successful projection of the time course of drug concentration in plasma during a 1-year period from electronically compiled dosing-time data used as input to individually parameterized pharmacokinetic models. J Clin Pharmacol 2005;45:461-7.
21. Marcovecchio ML, Dalton RN, Turner C, et al. Symmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous marker of glomerular filtration rate, and the risk for microalbuminuria in young people with type 1 diabetes. Arch Dis Child 2010;95:119-24.
22. Bjornstad P, Cherney DZ, Maahs DM. Update on estimation of kidney function in diabetic kidney disease. Curr Diab Rep 2015;15:57.
23. Mauer M, Zinman B, Gardiner R, et al. Renal and retinal effects of enalapril and losartan in type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2009;361:40-51.
24. Haynes R, Lewis D, Emberson J, et al. Effects of lowering LDL cholesterol on progression of kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;25:1825-33.
25. de Boer IH, Gao X, Cleary PA, et al. Albuminuria changes and cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 1 diabetes: the DCCT/EDIC Study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2016;11:1969-77.
26. Canas JA, Ross JL, Taboada MV, et al. A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial of the safety and efficacy of atorvastatin in children with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2015;16:79-89.
27. Yusuf S, Bosch J, Dagenais G, et al. Cholesterol lowering in intermediate-risk persons without cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 2016;374:2021-31.
28. Wiegman A, Hutten BA, de Groot E, et al. Efficacy and safety of statin therapy in children with familial hypercholesterolemia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004;292:331-7.
29. Shah AS, Maahs DM, Stafford JM, et al. Predictors of dyslipidemia over time in youth with type 1 diabetes: for the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. Diabetes Care 2017;40:607-13.
30. Bakris GL, Smith AC, Richardson DJ, et al. Impact of an ACE inhibitor and calcium antagonist on microalbuminuria and lipid subfractions in type 2 diabetes: a randomised, multi-centre pilot study. J Hum Hypertens 2002;16:185-91.
31. Pepys MB, Hirschfield GM. C-reactive protein: a critical update. J Clin Invest 2003;111:1805-12.
32. Serban C, Sahebkar A, Ursoniu S, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of statins on plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations. Sci Rep 2015;5:9902.
33. Lorenz MW, Markus HS, Bots ML, Rosvall M, Sitzer M. Prediction of clinical cardiovascular events with carotid intima-media thickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation 2007;115:459-67.
34. Järvisalo MJ, Jartti L, Näntö-Salonen K, et al. Increased aortic intima-media thickness: a marker of preclinical atherosclerosis in high-risk children. Circulation 2001;104:2943-7.
35. Ford I, Murray H, Packard CJ, Shepherd J, Macfarlane PW, Cobbe SM. Long-term follow-up of the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study. N Engl J Med 2007;357:1477-86.
36. Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HAW. 10-year followup of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1577-89.
37. Ioannidou E, Tseriotis VSTK, Tziomalos K. Role of lipid-lowering agents in the management of diabetic retinopathy. World J Diabetes 2017;8:1-6.
38. Ellis DA, Naar-King S, Frey M, Templin T, Rowland M, Cakan N. Multisystemic treatment of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: effects on medical resource utilization. J Pediatr Psychol 2005;30:656-66.
39. Rapoff MA, Barnard MU. Compliance with pediatric medical regimens. In: Cramer JA, Spilker B, eds. Patient compliance in medical practice and clinical trials. New York: Raven Press, 1991:73-98.
40. Zoungas S, Chalmers J, Neal B, et al. Follow-up of blood-pressure lowering and glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2014;371:1392-406.