Evaluation of cannabinoids concentration and stability in standardized preparations of cannabis tea and cannabis oil by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

Volumn 55, Issue 10, 2017, Pages 1555-1563

  Pacifici, Roberta ^a   Marchei, Emilia ^a   Salvatore, Francesco ^b   Guandalini, Luca ^b   Busardò, Francesco Paolo ^c   Pichini, Simona ^a  

^a ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DI SANITÀ   (Italy)

^b Agenzia Industrie e Difesa   (Italy)

^c SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

Author keywords

cannabinoids recovery; cannabinoids stability; cannabis oil; cannabis tea; medical cannabis; UHPLC MS MS

Indexed keywords

CANNABIDIOL; CANNABINOID; CANNABINOL; CANNABIS OIL; DRONABINOL; OIL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; CANNABIS; TEA; VEGETABLE OIL;

ARTICLE; CANNABIS (GENUS); CANNABIS TEA; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED STUDY; DECARBOXYLATION; DRUG STABILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE; FLOWERING; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TEA; ULTRA PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; VALIDATION PROCESS; CHEMISTRY; EVALUATION STUDY; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; METABOLISM; STANDARD; STANDARDS; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; TEMPERATURE;

CANNABINOIDS; CANNABIS; CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; PLANT OILS; REFERENCE STANDARDS; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; TEA; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 85028512265     PISSN: 14346621     EISSN: 14374331     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-1060     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Website: World Drug Report 2016. Available at: Https://www. unodc.org/doc/wdr2016/WORLD-DRUG-REPORT-2016-web. pdf. Accessed 21 Nov 2016.
2. Pacula RL, Jacobson M, Maksabedian EJ. In the weeds: A baseline view of cannabis use among legalizing states and their neighbours. Addiction 2016;111:973-80.
3. Whiting PF, Wolff RF, Deshpande S, Di Nisio M, Duffy S, Hernandez AV, et al. Cannabinoids for Medical Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Am Med Assoc 2015;313:2456-73.
4. Kogan NM, Mechoulam R. Cannabinoids in health and disease. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2007;9:413-30.
5. Russo E, Guy GW. A tale of two cannabinoids: The therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. Med Hypotheses 2006;66:234-46.
6. Muller-Vahl KR. Cannabinoids reduce symptoms of Tourette's syndrome. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2003;4:1717-25.
7. Lastres-Becker I, Molina-Holgado F, Ramos JA, Mechoulam R, Fernandez-Ruiz J. Cannabinoids provide neuroprotection against 6-hydroxydopamine toxicity in vivo and in vitro: Relevance to Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2005;19:96-107.
8. Novack GD. Cannabinoids for treatment of glaucoma. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2016;27:146-50.
9. Abrams DI, Guzman M. Cannabis in cancer care. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015;97:575-86.
10. Website: Decreto 9 novembre 2015: Funzioni di Organismo statale per la cannabis previsto dagli articoli 23 e 28 della convenzione unica sugli stupefacenti del 1961, come modificata nel 1972. Available at: Http://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2015/11/30/15A08888/sg;jsessionid=p1rnwNujUKlqQ5azhA Q95A--.ntc-as3-guri2a. Accessed 6 Dec 2016.
11. Verhoeckx KC, Korthout HA, van Meeteren-Kreikamp AP, Ehlert KA, Wang M, van der Greef J, et al. Unheated cannabis sativa extracts and its major compound THC-acid have potential immuno-modulating properties not mediated by CB1 and CB2 receptor coupled pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2006;6:656-65.
12. Ruhaak LR, Felth J, Karlsson PC, Rafter JJ, Verpoorte R, Bohlin L. Evaluation of the cyclooxygenase inhibiting effects of six major cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa. Biol Pharm Bull 2011;34:774-8.
13. Moldzio R, Pacher T, Krewenka C, Kranner B, Novak J, Duvigneau JC, et al. Effects of cannabinoids (9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, (9)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and cannabidiol in MPP() affected murine mesencephalic cultures. Phytomedicine 2012;19:819-24.
14. Rock EM, Kopstick RL, Limebeer CL, Parker LA. Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid reduces nausea-induced conditioned gaping in rats and vomiting in Suncus murinus. Br J Pharmacol 2013;170:641-8.
15. Bolognini D, Rock EM, Cluny NL, Cascio MG, Limebeer CL, Duncan M, et al. Cannabidiolic acid prevents vomiting in Suncus murinus and nausea-induced behaviour in rats by enhancing 5-HT1A receptor activation. Br J Pharmacol 2013;168:1456-70.
16. Takeda S, Okazaki H, Ikeda E, Abe S, Yoshioka Y, Watanabe K, et al. Down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by cannabidiolic acid in human breast cancer cells. J Toxicol Sci 2014;39:711-6.
17. Rock EM, Limebeer CL, Parker LA. Effect of combined doses of (9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) on acute and anticipatory nausea using rat (Sprague-Dawley) models of conditioned gaping. Psychopharmacology 2015;232:4445-4.
18. Brierley DI, Samuels J, Duncan M, Whalley BJ, Williams CM. Neuromotor tolerability and behavioural characterisation of cannabidiolic acid, a phytocannabinoid with therapeutic potential for anticipatory nausea. Psychopharmacology 2016;233:243-54.
19. Christophersen AS. Tetrahydrocannabinol stability in whole blood: Plastic versus glass containers. J Anal Toxicol 1986;10:129-31.
20. Ventura M, Pichini S, Ventura R, Leal S, Zuccaro P, Pacifici R, et al. Stability of drugs of abuse in oral fluid collection devices with purpose of external quality assessment schemes. Ther Drug Monit 2009;31:277-80.
21. Website: Recommended methods for the identification and analysis of cannabis and cannabis products 2009. Available at http://www.unodc.org/documents/scientific/ST-NAR-40-Ebook. pdf Accessed 6 december, 2016).
22. Romano LL, Hazekamp A. Cannabis oil: Chemical evaluation of an upcoming cannabis-based medicine. Cannabinoids 2013;1:1-11.
23. Website: FDA Pharmaceutical Quality/CMC; Guidance for Industry, Analytical Procedures and Methods Validation for Drugs and Biologics, US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration. http://www.fda.gov/downloads/drugs/guidancecomplianceregulatoryinformation/guidances/ucm386366.pdf. Accessed 18 Nov 2016.
24. Website: ICH Topic Q 2 (R1) Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology, 2005. http://www.ich.org/fileadmin/Public-Web-Site/ICH-Products/Guidelines/Quality/Q2-R1/Step4/Q2-R1--Guideline.pdf. Accessed 18 Nov 2016.
25. Hazekamp A, Bastola K, Rashidi H, Bender J, Verpoorte R. Cannabis tea revisited: A systematic evaluation of the cannabinoid composition of cannabis tea. J Ethnopharmacol 2007;233:85-90.
26. Veress T, Szanto JI, Leisztner L. Determination of cannabinoid acids by high-performance liquid chromatography of their neutral derivatives formed thermal decarboxylation. J Chrom A 1990;520:339-47.
27. Citti C, Ciccarella G, Braghiroli D, Parenti C, Vandelli MA, Cannazza G. Medicinal cannabis: Principal cannabinoids concentration and their stability evaluated by a high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016;128:201-9.
28. Russo EB, McPartland JM. Cannabis is more than simply delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2003;165:431-2.