Depression and Suicidality in Gay Men: Implications for Health Care Providers

American Journal of Men's Health

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 910-919

  Lee, Carrie ^a   Oliffe, John L ^a   Kelly, Mary T ^a   Ferlatte, Olivier ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

depression; gay men s health; men s health; men s help seeking; suicidality

Indexed keywords

ADULT; DEPRESSION; HUMAN; MALE; MALE HOMOSEXUALITY; MASCULINITY; MEN'S HEALTH; MENTAL HEALTH; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT ATTITUDE; PROFESSIONAL STANDARD; PSYCHOLOGY; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; SUICIDE;

ADULT; DEPRESSION; HOMOSEXUALITY, MALE; HUMANS; MALE; MASCULINITY; MEN'S HEALTH; MENTAL HEALTH; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH CARE; PROFESSIONAL ROLE; SUICIDE;

EID: 85021059769     PISSN: 15579883     EISSN: 15579891     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1557988316685492     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Addis M. E., Mahalik J. R., (2003). Men, masculinity, and the contexts of help seeking. American Psychologist, 58, 5-14.
2. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. Ash M., Mackereth C. J., (2013). Assessing the mental health and wellbeing of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population. Community Practitioner, 86(3), 24-27.
4. Blackwell C. W., (2015). Assessment and treatment of depression in gay and bisexual men in emergency settings. Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal, 37, 116-124.
5. Bowleg L., (2012). “Once you’ve blended the cake, you can’t take the parts back to the main ingredients”: Black gay and bisexual men’s descriptions and experiences of intersectionality. Sex Roles, 68, 754-767. doi:10.1007/s11199-012-0152-4
6. Brennan D. J., Ross L. E., Dobinson C., Veldhuizen S., Steele L. S., (2010). Men’s sexual orientation and health in Canada. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 101, 255-258.
7. Bryant J., Newman C. E., Holt M., Paquette D. M., Gray R., Canavan P. G... Kidd M. R., (2012). Does drug and alcohol use undermine concordance between doctors’ assessments of major depression and patients’ scores on a screening tool for depression among gay men attending general practice? Australian Journal of Primary Health, 18, 116-122.
8. Burton C. M., Marshal M. P., Chisolm D. J., Sucato G. S., Friedman M. S., (2013). Sexual minority-related victimization as a mediator of mental health disparities in sexual minority youth: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42, 394-402. doi:10.1007/s10964-012-9901-5
9. Campaign Against Living Miserably. (2014). A crisis in modern masculinity: Understanding the causes of male suicide. Retrieved from https://www.thecalmzone.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/CALM-State-of-the-Nation-Audit-Summary.pdf
10. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. (2007). Asking the right questions 2: Talking with clients about sexual orientation and gender identity in mental health, counselling and addiction settings. Retrieved from http://www.camhx.ca/Publications/Resources_for_Professionals/ARQ2/arq2.pdf
11. Cohen J. M., Blasey C., Taylor C. B., Weiss B. J., Newman M. G., (2016). Anxiety and related disorders and concealment in sexual minority young adults. Behavior Therapy, 47, 91-101. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2015.09.006
12. Courtenay-Quirk C., Wolitski R. J., Parsons J. T., Gómez C. A., Seropositive Urban Men’s Study Team. (2006). Is HIV/AIDS stigma dividing the gay community? Perceptions of HIV-positive men who have sex with men. AIDS Education and Prevention, 18, 56-67.
13. Cox S., (2006). Living on the edge: Gay men, depression and risk-taking. Retrieved from http://www.deslibris.ca/ID/205893
14. D’Augelli A. R., Pilkington N. W., Hershberger S. L., (2002). Incidence and mental health impact of sexual orientation victimization of lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths in high school. School Psychology Quarterly, 17, 148-167.
15. De Santis J. P., Colin J. M., Vasquez E. P., McCain G. C., (2008). The relationship of depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and sexual behaviors in a predominantly Hispanic sample of me who have sex with men. American Journal of Men’s Health, 2, 314-321.
16. Diaz R. M., Ayala G., Bein E., Henne J., Marin B. V., (2001). The impact of homophobia, poverty, and racism on the mental health of gay and bisexual Latino men: Findings from 3 US cities. American Journal of Public Health, 91, 627-932.
17. Feinstein B. A., Goldfried M. R., Davila J., (2012). The relationship between experiences of discrimination and mental health among lesbians and gay men: An examination of internalized homonegativity and rejection sensitivity as potential mechanisms. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 80, 917-927. doi:10.1037/a0029425
18. Ferlatte O., Dulai J., Hottes T. S., Trussler T., Marchand R., (2015). Suicide related ideation and behavior among Canadian gay and bisexual men: A syndemic analysis. BMC Public Health, 15, 597. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1961-5
19. Ferlatte O., Hottes T. S., Hankivsky O., Trussler T., Oliffe J. L., Marchand R., (in press). Suicide attempts across multiple social identities among gay and bisexual men: An intersectionality analysis.
20. Ferlatte O., Hottes T. S., Oliffe O., Marchand R., Trussler T., (2016, May). HIV stigma and suicide among Canadian gay and bisexual men living with HIV. Paper presented at the Canadian Association of HIV Researcher Conference, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
21. Frost D., Parsons J. T., Nanin J. E., (2007). Stigma, concealment and symptoms of depression as explanations for sexually transmitted infections among gay men. Journal of Health Psychology, 12, 636-640.
22. Gagnon M., Oliffe J. L., (2015). Male depression and suicide: What NPs should know. The Nurse Practitioner, 40(11), 50-55.
23. Gay & Lesbian Medical Association. (2006). Guidelines for care of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender patients. Retrieved from http://glma.org/_data/n_0001/resources/live/GLMA%20guidelines%202006%20FINAL.pdf
24. Gee R., (2006). Primary care health issues among men who have sex with men. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioner, 18, 144-153.
25. Grov C., Ventuneac A., Rendina H. J., Jimenez R. H., Parsons J. T., (2013). Perceived importance of five different health issues for gay and bisexual men: Implications for new directions in health education and prevention. American Journal of Men’s Health, 7, 274-284. doi:10.1177/1557988312463419
26. Guareno P. A., (2007). Family and community influences on the social and sexual lives of Latino gay men. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 18, 12-18.
27. Haas A. P., Eliason M., Mays V. M., Mathy R. M., Cochran S. D., D’Augelli A. R... Clayton P. J., (2011). Suicide and suicide risk in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations: Review and recommendations. Journal of Homosexuality, 58, 10-51.
28. Haile R., Rowell-Cunsolo T. L., Parker E. A., Padilla M. B., Hansen N. B., (2014). An empirical test of racial/ethnic differences in perceived racism and affiliation with the gay community: Implications for HIV risk. Journal of Social Issues, 70, 342-359. doi:10.1111/josi.12063
29. Hatzenbuehler M. L., (2009). How does sexual minority stigma “get under the skin”? A psychological mediation framework. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 707-730. doi:10.1037/a0016441
30. Hatzenbuehler M. L., McLaughlin K. A., Keyes K. M., Hasin D. S., (2010). The impact of institutional discrimination on psychiatric disorders in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: A prospective study. American Journal of Public Health, 100, 452-459. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.168815
31. Hatzenbuehler M. L., Nolen-Hoeksema S., Erickson S. J., (2008). Minority stress predictors of HIV risk behavior, substance use, and depressive symptoms: Results from a prospective study of bereaved gay men. Health Psychology, 27, 455-462. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.27.4.455
32. Herek G. M., Chopp R., Strohl D., (2007). Sexual stigma: Putting sexual minority health issues in context. In Meyer I., Northridge M., (Eds.), The health of sexual minorities: Public health perspectives on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations (pp. 171-208). New York, NY: Springer.
33. Herek G. M., Gillis J. R., Cogan J. C., (1999). Psychological sequelae of hate-crime victimization among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67, 945-951. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.67.6.945
34. Herek G. M., Gillis J. R., Cogan J. C., Glunt E. K., (1997). Hate crime victimization among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults: Prevalence, psychological correlates, and methodological issues. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12, 195-215. doi:10.1177/088626097012002003
35. Hottes T. S., Bogaert L., Rhodes A. E., Brennan D. J., Gesink D., (2016). Lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts among sexual minority adults by study sampling strategies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 106, e1-e12. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303088
36. Hottes T. S., Ferlatte O., Gesink D., (2014). Suicide and HIV as leading causes of death among gay and bisexual men: A comparison of estimated mortality and published research. Critical Public Health, 25, 513-526.
37. Huebner D. M., Rebchook G. M., Kegeles S. M., (2004). Experiences of harassment, discrimination, and physical violence among young gay and bisexual men. American Journal of Public Health, 94, 1200-1203. doi:10.2105/AJPH.94.7.1200
38. King M., Semlyen J., Tai S. S., Killaspy H., Osborn D., Popelyuk D., Nazareth I., (2008). A systemic review of mental disorder, suicide, and deliberate self harm in lesbian, gay and bisexual people. BMC Psychiatry, 8, 70. Retrieved from http://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-244X-8-70
39. Knight R., Shoveller J. A., Oliffe J. L., Gilbert M., Goldenberg S., (2012). Heteronormativity hurts everyone: Experiences of young men and clinicians with sexually transmitted infection/HIV testing in British Columbia, Canada. Health, 17, 441-459.
40. Körner H., Newman C., Mao L., Kippax S., Kidd M. R., Saltman D., (2008). It’s really a myriad of different signals, not just the textbook: The complexities of diagnosing depression in gay men in general practice. Mental Health in Family Medicine, 5, 167-165.
41. Lea T., de Wit J., Reynolds R., (2014). Minority stress in lesbian, gay, and bisexual young adults in Australia: Associations with psychological distress, suicidality, and substance use. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 43, 1571-1578. doi:10.1007/s10508-014-0266-6
42. Luoma J. B., Martin C. E., Pearson J. L., (2002). Contact with mental health and primary care providers before suicide: A review of the evidence. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 909-916. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.6.909
43. Marshal M. P., Dietz L. J., Friedman M. S., Stall R., Smith H. A., McGinley J... Brent D. A., (2011). Suicidality and depression disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual youth: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Adolescent Health, 49, 115-123. doi:10.1016/j.adohealth.2011.02.005
44. Mattison A. M., Ross M. W., Wolfson T., Franklin D., (2001). Circuit party attendance, club drug use, and unsafe sex in gay men. Journal of Substance Abuse, 13, 119-126. doi:10.1016/S0899-3289(01)00060-8
45. Mays V. M., Cochran S. D., (2001). Mental health correlates of perceived discrimination among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 91, 1869-1876. doi:10.2105/AJPH.91.11.1869
46. McAndrew S., Warne T., (2010). Coming out to talk about suicide: Gay men and suicidality. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 19, 92-101.
47. McCabe S. E., Bostwick W. B., Hughes T. L., West B. T., Boyd C. J., (2010). The relationship between discrimination and substance use disorders among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 100, 1946-1952. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.163147
48. McLaren S., (2016). The interrelations between internalized homophobia, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation among Australian gay men, lesbians, and bisexual women. Journal of Homosexuality, 63, 156-168. doi:10.1080/00918369.2015.1083779
49. Meyer I. H., (1995). Minority stress and mental health in gay men. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 36, 38-56.
50. Meyer I. H., (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 674-697. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674
51. Meyer I. H., Teylan M., Schwartz S., (2015). The role of help-seeking in preventing suicide attempts among lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 45, 25-36. doi:10.1111/sltb.12104
52. Meyer I. H., Wilson P. A., (2009). Sampling lesbian, gay and bisexual populations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56(1), 23-31.
53. Michniewicz K. S., Bosson J. K., Lenes J. G., Chen J. I., (2016). Gender-atypical mental illness as male gender threat. American Journal of Men’s Health, 10, 306-317. doi:10.1177/155798831456722
54. Mustanski B., Liu R. T., (2012). A longitudinal study of predictors of suicide attempts among lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth. Achieve of Sexual Behavior, 42, 437-778.
55. Newman C. E., Kippax S. C., Mao L., Rogers G. D., Saltman D. C., Kidd M. R., (2008). Features and management of depression in gay men and men with HIV from the perspective of Australian GPs. Family Practice, 26, 27-33.
56. Oliffe J. L., Phillips M. J., (2008). Men, depression and masculinities: A review and recommendations. American Journal of Men’s Health, 5, 194-202.
57. PFLAG Canada. (2010). When sons and daughters come out. Retrieved from https://www.pflagcanada.ca/pdfs/glb-mychild.pdf
58. Plöderl M., Kralovec K., Fartacek R., (2010). The relationship between sexual orientation and suicide attempts in Austria. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 1403-1414.
59. Plöderl M., Sellmeier M., Fartacek C., Pichler E. M., Fartacek R., Kralovec K., (2014). Explaining the suicide risk of sexual minority individuals by contrasting the minority stress model with suicide models. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 43, 1559-1570. doi:10.1007/s10508-014-0268-4
60. Rice S. M., Fallon B. J., Aucote H. M., Möller-Leimkühler A. M., (2013). Development and preliminary validation of the Male Depression Risk Scale: Furthering the assessment of depression in men. Journal of Affective Disorders, 151, 950-958.
61. Riggs D. W., (2012). Anti-Asian sentiment amongst a sample of White Australian men on gaydar. Sex Roles, 68, 768-778. doi:10.1007/s11199-012-0119-5
62. Russell S. T., Ryan C., Toomey R. B., Diaz R. M., Sanchez J., (2011). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adolescent school victimization: Implications for young adult health and adjustment. Journal of School Health, 81, 223-230. doi:10.111/j.1746-1561.2011.00583.x
63. Rutherford K., McIntyre J., Daley A., Ross L. E., (2012). Development of expertise in mental health service provision for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities. Medication Education, 46, 903-913.
64. Ryan C., Huebner D, Diaz R. M., Sanchez J., (2009). Family rejection as a predictor of negative health outcomes in White and Latino lesbian, gay, and bisexual young adults. Pediatrics, 123, 346-352.
65. Semple S. J., Patterson T. L., Grant I., (2002). Motivations associated with methamphetamine use among HIV men who have sex with men. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 22, 149-156. doi:10.1016/S0740-5472(02)00223-4
66. Statistics Canada. (2014). Leading causes of death, by sex (males). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/cst01/hlth36b-eng.htm
67. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2012). A provider’s introduction to substance abuse treatment for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals. Retrieved from https://store.samhsa.gov/shin/content/SMA12-4104/SMA12-4104.pdf
68. Walch S. E., Ngamake S. T., Bovornusvakool W., Walker S. V., (2016). Discrimination, internalized homophobia, and concealment in sexual minority physical and mental health. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 3(1), 37-48.
69. Wang J., Plöderl M., Hausermann Weiss M. G., (2015). Understanding suicide attempts among gay men from their self-perceived causes. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 203, 499-506.
70. Zierau F., Bille A., Rutz W., Bech P., (2002). The Gotland Male Depression Scale: A validity study in patients with alcohol use disorder. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 56, 265-271.