2-D delineation of individual citrus trees from UAV-based dense photogrammetric surface models

International Journal of Digital Earth

Volumn 11, Issue 6, 2018, Pages 583-608

  Ok, Ali Ozgun ^a   Ozdarici Ok, Asli ^a  

^a Faculty of Arts and Sciences   (Turkey)

Author keywords

active contour; citrus trees; Orientation based radial symmetry; UAV digital surface model

Indexed keywords

ANTENNAS; FORESTRY; IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; REMOTE SENSING; UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAV);

ACTIVE CONTOURS; CITRUS TREE; DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS; RADIAL SYMMETRY TRANSFORMS; RADIAL SYMMETRYS; STATE-OF-THE-ART APPROACH; THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3-D) RECONSTRUCTION; VERY HIGH RESOLUTION DATUM;

TREES (MATHEMATICS);

AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY; DIGITAL IMAGE; NUMERICAL MODEL; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; TREE; UNMANNED VEHICLE;

EID: 85020269184     PISSN: 17538947     EISSN: 17538955     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17538947.2017.1337820     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Bulatov, D., I., Wayand, and H., Schilling. 2016. “Automatic Tree-Crown Detection in Challenging Scenarios.” Paper presented at the Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., Prague, Czech Republic, 575–582.
2. Chan, T. F., and L. A., Vese. 2001. “Active Contours without Edges.” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 10 (2): 266–277. doi: 10.1109/83.902291
3. Chen, Q., D., Baldocchi, P., Gong, and M., Kelly. 2006. “Isolating Individual Trees in a Savanna Woodland Using Small Footprint Lidar Data.” Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 72 (8): 923–932. doi: 10.14358/PERS.72.8.923
4. Dalponte, M., L. T., Ene, M., Marconcini, T., Gobakken, and E., Næsset. 2015. “Semi-Supervised SVM for Individual Tree Crown Species Classification.” ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 110 (12): 77–87. doi: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.10.010
5. Dalponte, M., H. O., Ørka, L. T., Ene, T., Gobakken, and E., Næsset. 2014. “Tree Crown Delineation and Tree Species Classification in Boreal Forests Using Hyperspectral and ALS Data.” Remote Sensing of Environment 140 (1): 306–317. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2013.09.006
6. Dalponte, M., F., Reyes, K., Kandare, and D., Gianelle. 2015. “Delineation of Individual Tree Crowns from ALS and Hyperspectral Data: A Comparison among Four Methods.” European Journal of Remote Sensing 48: 365–382. doi: 10.5721/EuJRS20154821
7. Ene, L., E., Næsset, and T., Gobakken. 2012. “Single Tree Detection in Heterogeneous Boreal Forests Using Airborne Laser Scanning and Area-Based Stem Number Estimates.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 33 (16): 5171–5193. doi: 10.1080/01431161.2012.657363
8. Eysn, L., M., Hollaus, E., Lindberg, F., Berger, J.-M., Monnet, M., Dalponte, M., Kobal, et al. 2015. “A Benchmark of Lidar-Based Single Tree Detection Methods Using Heterogeneous Forest Data from the Alpine Space.” Forests 6 (5): 1721–1747. doi: 10.3390/f6051721
9. Falkowski, M. J., A. M. S., Smith, A. T., Hudak, P. E., Gessler, L. A., Vierling, and N. L., Crookston. 2006. “Automated Estimation of Individual Conifer Tree Height and Crown Diameter via Two-Dimensional Spatial Wavelet Analysis of Lidar Data.” Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 32 (2): 153–161. doi: 10.5589/m06-005
10. FAO. 2015. “Citrus Fruits Statistics.” http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5558e.pdf.
11. Farid, H., and E. P., Simoncelli. 2004. “Differentiation of Discrete Multidimensional Signals.” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 13 (4): 496–508. doi: 10.1109/TIP.2004.823819
12. Fassnacht, F. E., H., Latifi, K., Stereńczak, A., Modzelewska, M., Lefsky, L. T., Waser, C., Straub, and A., Ghosh. 2016. “Review of Studies on Tree Species Classification from Remotely Sensed Data.” Remote Sensing of Environment 186 (1): 64–87. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2016.08.013
13. Geusebroek, J. M., A. W. M., Smeulders, and J., van de Weijer. 2003. “Fast Anisotropic Gauss Filtering.” IEEE Transaction on Image Processing 12 (8): 938–943. doi: 10.1109/TIP.2003.812429
14. Hadaś, E., and J., Estornell. 2016. “Accuracy of Tree Geometric Parameters Depending on the LiDAR Data Density.” European Journal of Remote Sensing 49 (3): 73–92. doi: 10.5721/EuJRS20164905
15. Heenkenda, M. K., K. E., Joyce, and S. W., Maier. 2015. “Mangrove Tree Crown Delineation from High-Resolution Imagery.” Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 81 (6): 471–479. doi: 10.14358/PERS.81.6.471
16. Heinzel, J. N., H., Weinacker, and B., Koch. 2011. “Prior-Knowledge-Based Single-Tree Extraction.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 32 (17): 4999–5020. doi: 10.1080/01431161.2010.494633
17. Hirschmugl, M., M., Ofner, J., Raggam, and M., Schardt. 2007. “Single Tree Detection in Very High Resolution Remote Sensing Data.” Remote Sensing of Environment 110 (4): 533–544. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2007.02.029
18. Hyyppa, J., O., Kelle, M., Lehikoinen, and M., Inkinen. 2001. “A Segmentation-Based Method to Retrieve Stem Volume Estimates from 3-D Tree Height Models Produced by Laser Scanners.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 39 (5): 969–975. doi: 10.1109/36.921414
19. Hyyppä, J., M., Schardt, H., Haggrén, B., Koch, U., Lohr, H. U., Scherrer, R., Paananen, H., Luukkonen, M., Ziegler, and H., Hyyppä. 2001. “HIGH-SCAN: The First European-Wide Attempt to Derive Single-Tree Information from Laserscanner Data.” The Photogrammetric Journal of Finland 17 (2): 58–68.
20. Jakubowski, M. K., W., Li, Q., Guo, and M., Kelly. 2013. “Delineating Individual Trees from Lidar Data: A Comparison of Vector- and Raster-Based Segmentation Approaches.” Remote Sensing 5 (9): 4163–4186. doi: 10.3390/rs5094163
21. Jucker, T., J., Caspersen, J., Chave, C., Antin, N., Barbier, F., Bongers, M., Dalponte, K. Y., van Ewijk, D. I., Forrester, M., Haeni, et al. 2017. “Allometric Equations for Integrating Remote Sensing Imagery into Forest Monitoring Programmes.” Global Change Biology 23 (1): 177–190. doi: 10.1111/gcb.13388
22. Kaartinen, H., J., Hyyppä, X., Yu, M., Vastaranta, H., Hyyppä, A., Kukko, M., Holopainen, et al. 2012. “An International Comparison of Individual Tree Detection and Extraction Using Airborne Laser Scanning.” Remote Sensing 4 (4): 950–974. doi: 10.3390/rs4040950
23. Koch, B., U., Heyder, and H., Welnacker. 2006. “Detection of Individual Tree Crowns in Airborne LiDAR Data.” Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 72 (4): 357–363. doi: 10.14358/PERS.72.4.357
24. Kwak, D.-A., W.-K., Lee, J.-H., Lee, G. S., Biging, and P., Gong. 2007. “Detection of Individual Trees and Estimation of Tree Height Using LiDAR Data.” Journal of Forest Research 12 (6): 425–434. doi: 10.1007/s10310-007-0041-9
25. Lagarias, J. C., J. A., Reeds, M. H., Wright, and P. E., Wright. 1998. “Convergence Properties of the Nelder-Mead Simplex Method in Low Dimensions.” SIAM Journal of Optimization 9 (1): 112–147. doi: 10.1137/S1052623496303470
26. Langford, E., 2006. “Quartiles in Elementary Statistics.” Journal of Statistics Education 14 (3). ww2.amstat.org/publications/jse/v14n3/langford.html
27. Li, D., H., Guo, C., Wang, W., Li, H., Chen, and Z., Zuo. 2016. “Individual Tree Delineation in Windbreaks Using Airborne-Laser-Scanning Data and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Stereo Images.” IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 13 (9): 1330–1334. doi: 10.1109/LGRS.2016.2584109
28. Liu, T., J., Im, and L. J., Quackenbush. 2015. “A Novel Transferable Individual Tree Crown Delineation Model Based on Fishing Net Dragging and Boundary Classification.” ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 110: 34–47. doi: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.10.002
29. Matsuki, T., N., Yokoya, and A., Iwasaki. 2015. “Hyperspectral Tree Species Classification of Japanese Complex Mixed Forest with the Aid of Lidar Data.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 8 (5): 2177–2187. doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2015.2417859
30. Maurer, C. R., R., Qi, and V., Raghavan. 2003. “A Linear Time Algorithm for Computing Exact Euclidean Distance Transforms of Binary Images in Arbitrary Dimensions.” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 25 (2): 265–270. doi: 10.1109/TPAMI.2003.1177156
31. Meyer, F., 1994. “Topographic Distance and Watershed Lines.” Signal Processing 38 (1): 113–125. doi: 10.1016/0165-1684(94)90060-4
32. Otsu, N., 1979. “A Threshold Selection Method from Gray-Level Histograms.” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 9 (1): 62–66. doi: 10.1109/TSMC.1979.4310076
33. Palenichka, R., F., Doyon, A., Lakhssassi, and M. B., Zaremba. 2013. “Multi-Scale Segmentation of Forest Areas and Tree Detection in LiDAR Images by the Attentive Vision Method.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 6 (3): 1313–1323. doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2013.2250922
34. Paris, C., D., Valduga, and L., Bruzzone. 2016. “A Hierarchical Approach to Three-Dimensional Segmentation of LiDAR Data at Single-Tree Level in a Multilayered Forest.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 54 (7): 4190–4203. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2538203
35. Pix4D. 2015. https://pix4d.com.
36. Popescu, S. C., and R. H., Wynne. 2004. “Seeing the Trees in the Forest: Using Lidar and Multispectral Data Fusion with Local Filtering and Variable Window Size for Estimating Tree Height.” Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 70 (5): 589–604. doi: 10.14358/PERS.70.5.589
37. Puttonen, E., P., Litkey, and J., Hyyppä. 2010. “Individual Tree Species Classification by Illuminated—Shaded Area Separation.” Remote Sensing 2 (1): 19–35. doi: 10.3390/rs2010019
38. Suresh, S., and S., Lal. 2016. “An Efficient Cuckoo Search Algorithm Based Multilevel Thresholding for Segmentation of Satellite Images Using Different Objective Functions.” Expert Systems with Applications 58: 184–209. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2016.03.032
39. Swetnam, T. L., and D. A., Falk. 2014. “Application of Metabolic Scaling Theory to Reduce Error in Local Maxima Tree Segmentation from Aerial LiDAR.” Forest Ecology and Management 323 (6): 158–167. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.03.016
40. TUIK. 2015. “Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri.” http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1001.
41. Vauhkonen, J., L., Ene, S., Gupta, J., Heinzel, J., Holmgren, J., Pitkänen, S., Solberg, et al. 2012. “Comparative Testing of Single-Tree Detection Algorithms Under Different Types of Forest.” Forestry 85 (1): 27–40. doi: 10.1093/forestry/cpr051
42. Wallace, L., A., Lucieer, and C. S., Watson. 2014. “Evaluating Tree Detection and Segmentation Routines on Very High Resolution UAV Lidar Data.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 52 (12): 7619–7628. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2014.2315649
43. Wang, L., A. G., Birt, C. W., Lafon, D. M., Cairns, R. N., Coulson, M. D., Tchakerian, W., Xi, S. C., Popescu, and J. M., Guldin. 2013. “Computer-Based Synthetic Data to Assess the Tree Delineation Algorithm from Airborne LiDAR Survey.” Geoinformatica 17 (1): 35–61. doi: 10.1007/s10707-011-0148-1
44. Whitaker, R. T., 1998. “A Level-Set Approach to 3d Reconstruction from Range Data.” International Journal of Computer Vision 29 (3): 203–231. doi: 10.1023/A:1008036829907
45. Wolf, (né Straub) B. M., and C., Heipke. 2007. “Automatic Extraction and Delineation of Single Trees from Remote Sensing Data.” Machine Vision and Applications 18 (5): 317–330. doi: 10.1007/s00138-006-0064-9
46. Zhen, Z., L. J., Quackenbush, S. V., Stehman, and L., Zhang. 2015. “Agent-Based Region Growing for Individual Tree Crown Delineation from Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) Data.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 36 (7): 1965–1993. doi: 10.1080/01431161.2015.1030043
47. Zhen, Z., L. J., Quackenbush, and L., Zhang. 2014. “Impact of Tree-Oriented Growth Order in Marker-Controlled Region Growing for Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using Airborne Laser Scanner (ALS) Data.” Remote Sensing 6 (1): 555–579. doi: 10.3390/rs6010555
48. Zhen, Z., L. J., Quackenbush, and L., Zhang. 2016. “Trends in Automatic Individual Tree Crown Detection and Delineation-Evolution of Lidar Data.” Remote Sensing 8 (4): 333. doi: 10.3390/rs8040333