Sulfur-doped carbon nitride polymers for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutant and reduction of Cr(VI)

Molecules

Volumn 22, Issue 4, 2017, Pages

  Zheng, Yun ^a   Yu, Zihao ^a   Lin, Feng ^a   Guo, Fangsong ^a   Alamry, Khalid A ^b   Taib, Layla A ^b   Asiri, Abdullah M ^b   Wang, Xinchen ^a  

^a FUZHOU UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

Author keywords

Carbon nitride; Cr(VI) reduction; Photocatalysis; Pollutant degradation; Self Assembly

Indexed keywords

CHROMIUM; CHROMIUM HEXAVALENT ION; CYANOGEN; NITRILE; POLLUTANT; POLYMER; RHODAMINE; RHODAMINE B; SULFUR;

ANALYSIS; CATALYSIS; CHEMISTRY; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULAR MODEL; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; POLLUTANT; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

CATALYSIS; CHROMIUM; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; MODELS, MOLECULAR; NITRILES; PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; POLYMERS; RHODAMINES; SPECTROSCOPY, FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED; SULFUR; X-RAY DIFFRACTION;

EID: 85016982296     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14203049     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040572     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Pichat, P. (Ed.) Photocatalysis and Water Purification: From Fundamentals to Recent Applications; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2013; pp. 1-406.
2. Schneider, J.; Bahnemann, D.; Ye, J.; Puma, G.L.; Dionysiou, D.D. (Eds.) Photocatalysis: Fundamentals and Perspectives; Royal Society of Chemistry: London, UK, 2016; Volume 1.
3. Dionysiou, D.D.; Puma, G.L.; Ye, J.; Schneider, J.; Bahnemann, D. (Eds.) Photocatalysis: Applications; Royal Society of Chemistry: London, UK, 2016; Volume 2.
4. Pichat, P. (Ed.) Photocatalysis: Fundamentals, Materials and Potential; MDPI: Basel, Switzerland, 2016.
5. Colmenares Quintero, J.C.; Xu, Y. (Eds.) Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: From Fundamentals to Green Applications; Springer: Berlin, Germany, 2016.
6. Nosaka, Y.; Nosaka, A. (Eds.) Introduction to Photocatalysis: From Basic Science to Applications; Royal Society of Chemistry: London, UK, 2016.
7. Yang, C.; Ma, B.C.; Zhang, L.; Lin, S.; Ghasimi, S.; Landfester, K.; Zhang, K.A.I.; Wang, X.C. Molecular engineering of conjugated polybenzothiadiazoles for enhanced hydrogen production by photosynthesis. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 9202-9206. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
8. Zhang, G.G.; Lan, Z.A.; Lin, L.H.; Lin, S.;Wang, X.C. Overall water splitting by Pt/g-C3N4 photocatalysts without using sacrificial agents. Chem. Sci. 2016, 7, 3062-3066. [CrossRef].
9. Wang, X.C.; Maeda, K.; Thomas, A.; Takanabe, K.; Xin, G.; Carlsson, J.M.; Domen, K.; Antonietti, M. A metal-free polymeric photocatalyst for hydrogen production from water under visible light. Nat. Mater. 2009, 8, 76-80. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
10. Pan, Z.M.; Zheng, Y.; Guo, F.S.; Niu, P.P.; Wang, X.C. Decorating CoP and Pt nanoparticles on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets to promote overall water splitting by conjugated polymers. ChemSusChem 2017, 10, 87-90. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
11. Zhang, G.G.; Lan, Z.A.; Wang, X.C. Conjugated polymers: Catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 15712-15727. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
12. Wu, X.; Fang, S.; Zheng, Y.; Sun, J.; Lv, K. Thiourea-modified TiO2 nanorods with enhanced photocatalytic activity. Molecules 2016, 21, 181. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
13. Liang, S.; Zhou, Z.;Wu, X.; Zhu, S.; Bi, J.; Zhou, L.; Liu, M.;Wu, L. Constructing a MoS2 QDs/CdS core/shell flowerlike nanosphere hierarchical heterostructure for the enhanced stability and photocatalytic activity. Molecules 2016, 21, 213. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
14. Zheng, D.D.; Cao, X.N.; Wang, X.C. Precise formation of a hollow carbon nitride structure with a Janus surface to promote water splitting by photoredox catalysis. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 11512-11516. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
15. Zheng, Y.; Lin, L.H.; Ye, X.J.; Guo, F.S.; Wang, X.C. Helical graphitic carbon nitrides with photocatalytic and optical activities. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 11926-11930. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
16. Long, B.H.; Zheng, Y.; Lin, L.H.; Alamry, K.A.; Asiri, A.M.;Wang, X.C. Cubic Mesoporous Carbon Nitride Polymers with Large Cage Type Pores for Visible Light Photocatalysis. J. Mater. Chem. A 2017. [CrossRef].
17. Li, X.; Zhang, J.; Chen, X.; Fischer, A.; Thomas, A.; Antonietti, M.;Wang, X.C. Condensed graphitic carbon nitride nanorods by nanoconfinement: Promotion of crystallinity on photocatalytic conversion. Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 4344-4348. [CrossRef].
18. Li, X.H.;Wang, X.C.; Antonietti, M. Mesoporous g-C3N4 nanorods as multifunctional supports of ultrafine metal nanoparticles: Hydrogen generation from water and reduction of nitrophenol with tandem catalysis in one step. Chem. Sci. 2012, 3, 2170-2174. [CrossRef].
19. Wang, Y.; Wang, X.C.; Antonietti, M.; Zhang, Y. Facile one-pot synthesis of nanoporous carbon nitride solids by using soft templates. ChemSusChem 2010, 3, 435-439. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
20. Yan, H. Soft-Templating synthesis of mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride with enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light. Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 3430-3432. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
21. Aida, T.; Meijer, E.W.; Stupp, S.I. Functional supramolecular polymers. Science 2012, 335, 813-817. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
22. Li, L.; Zhao, Y.; Antonietti, M.; Shalom, M. New organic semiconducting scaffolds by supramolecular preorganization: Dye intercalation and dye oxidation and reduction. Small 2016, 12, 6090-6097. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
23. Xu, J.; Zhu, J.; Yang, X.; Cao, S.; Yu, J.; Shalom, M.; Antonietti, M. Synthesis of organized layered carbon by self-Templating of dithiooxamide. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 6727-6733. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
24. Seto, C.T.; Whitesides, G.M. Self-Assembly based on the cyanuric acid-melamine lattice. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 6409-6411. [CrossRef].
25. Seto, C.T.; Whitesides, G.M. Molecular self-Assembly through hydrogen bonding: Supramolecular aggregates based on the cyanuric acid-melamine lattice. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 905-916. [CrossRef].
26. Mathias, J.P.; Simanek, E.E.; Zerkowski, J.A.; Seto, C.T.; Whitesides, G.M. Structural preferences of hydrogen-bonded networks in organic solution-The cyclic CA3-M3 rosette. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 4316-4325. [CrossRef].
27. Ishida, Y.; Chabanne, L.; Antonietti, M.; Shalom, M. Morphology control and photocatalysis enhancement by the one-pot synthesis of carbon nitride from preorganized hydrogen-bonded supramolecular precursors. Langmuir 2014, 30, 447-451. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
28. Shalom, M.; Guttentag, M.; Fettkenhauer, C.; Inal, S.; Neher, D.; Llobet, A.; Antonietti, M. In situ formation of heterojunctions in modified graphitic carbon nitride: Synthesis and noble metal free photocatalysis. Chem. Mater. 2014, 26, 5812-5818. [CrossRef].
29. Xu, J.; Brenner, T.J.K.; Chabanne, L.; Neher, D.; Antonietti, M.; Shalom, M. Liquid-based growth of polymeric carbon nitride layers and their use in a mesostructured polymer solar cell with Voc exceeding 1 V. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 13486-13489. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
30. Guo, S.; Deng, Z.; Li, M.; Jiang, B.; Tian, C.; Pan, Q.; Fu, H. Phosphorus-doped carbon nitride tubes with a layered micro-nanostructure for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 1830-1834. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
31. Yang, X.; Tang, H.; Xu, J.; Antonietti, M.; Shalom, M. Silver phosphate/graphitic carbon nitride as an efficient photocatalytic tandem system for oxygen evolution. ChemSusChem 2015, 8, 1350-1358. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
32. Zou, X.; Silva, R.; Goswami, A.; Asefa, T. Cu-doped carbon nitride: Bio-inspired synthesis of H2-evolving electrocatalysts using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as a host material. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2015, 357, 221-228. [CrossRef].
33. Cui, Q.; Xu, J.;Wang, X.; Li, L.; Antonietti, M.; Shalom, M. Phenyl-modified carbon nitride quantum dots with distinct photoluminescence behavior. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 3672-3676. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
34. Guo, Y.; Li, J.; Yuan, Y.; Li, L.; Zhang, M.; Zhou, C.; Lin, Z. A Rapid microwave-Assisted thermolysis route to highly crystalline carbon nitrides for efficient hydrogen generation. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 14693-14697. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
35. Xu, J.; Brenner, T.J. K.; Chen, Z.; Neher, D.; Antonietti, M.; Shalom, M. Upconversion-Agent induced improvement of g-C3N4 photocatalyst under visible light. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 16481-16486. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
36. Shalom, M.; Inal, S.; Fettkenhauer, C.; Neher, D.; Antonietti, M. Improving carbon nitride photocatalysis by supramolecular preorganization of monomers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 7118-7121. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
37. Jun, Y.S.; Lee, E.Z.; Wang, X.; Hong, W.H.; Stucky, G.D.; Thomas, A. From melamine-cyanuric acid supramolecular aggregates to carbon nitride hollow spheres. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2013, 23, 3661-3667. [CrossRef].
38. Li, Y.; Yang, L.; Dong, G.; Ho, W. Mechanism of NO photocatalytic oxidation on g-C3N4 was changed by Pd-QDs modification. Molecules 2016, 21, 36. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
39. Chen, Y.;Wang, B.; Lin, S.; Zhang, Y.;Wang, X. Activation of n!∗ transitions in two-dimensional conjugated polymers for visible light photocatalysis. J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118, 29981-29989. [CrossRef].
40. Ranganathan, A.; Pedireddi, V.R.; Rao, C.N.R. Hydrothermal synthesis of organic channel structures: 1:1 hydrogen-bonded adducts of melamine with cyanuric and trithiocyanuric acids. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 1752-1753. [CrossRef].
41. Fan, Q.; Liu, J.; Yu, Y.; Zuo, S.; Li, B. A simple fabrication for sulfur doped graphitic carbon nitride porous rods with excellent photocatalytic activity degrading RhB dye. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2017, 391, 360-368. [CrossRef].
42. Feng, L.; Zou, Y.; Li, C.; Gao, S.; Zhou, L.; Sun, Q.; Fan, M.; Wang, H.; Wang, D.; Li, G.; Zou, X. Nanoporous sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride microrods: A durable catalyst for visible-light-driven H2 evolution. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 2014, 39, 15373-15379. [CrossRef].
43. Lan, Z.A.; Zhang, G.G.; Wang, X.C. A facile synthesis of Br-modified g-C3N4 semiconductors for photoredox water splitting. Appl. Catal. B 2016, 192, 116-125. [CrossRef].
44. Long, B.H.; Lin, J.L.;Wang, X.C. Thermally-induced desulfurization and conversion of guanidine thiocyanate into graphitic carbon nitride catalysts for hydrogen photosynthesis. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 2942-2951. [CrossRef].
45. Wang, Y.; Lin, F.; Peng, J.; Dong, Y.; Li, W.; Huang, Y. A robust bilayer nanofilm fabricated on copper foam for oil-water separation with improved performances. J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4, 10294-10303. [CrossRef].
46. Sun, J.; Xu, J.; Grafmueller, A.; Huang, X.; Liedel, C.; Algara-Siller, G.; Willinger, M.; Yang, C.; Fu, Y.; Wang, X.C.; et al. Self-Assembled carbon nitride for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and degradation of p-nitrophenol. Appl. Catal. B 2017, 205, 1-10. [CrossRef].
47. Liang, R.; Jing, F.; Shen, L.; Qin, N.; Wu, L. MIL-53(Fe) as a highly efficient bifunctional photocatalyst for the simultaneous reduction of Cr(VI) and oxidation of dyes. J. Hazard. Mater. 2015, 287, 364-372. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
48. Fujishima, A.; Rao, T.N.; Tryk, D.A. Titanium dioxide photocatalysis. J. Photochem. Photobiol. C 2000, 1, 1-21. [CrossRef].
49. He, Y.; Cai, J.; Li, T.; Wu, Y.; Lin, H.; Zhao, L.; Luo, M. Efficient degradation of RhB over GdVO4/g-C3N4 composites under visible-light irradiation. Chem. Eng. J. 2013, 215-216, 721-730. [CrossRef].
50. Sawyer, D.T.; Valentine, J.S. How super is superoxide? Acc. Chem. Res. 1981, 14, 393-400. [CrossRef].
51. Cui, Y.; Ding, Z.; Liu, P.; Antonietti, M.; Fu, X.; Wang, X. Metal-free activation of H2O2 by g-C3N4 under visible light irradiation for the degradation of organic pollutants. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 1455-1462. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
52. Yan, S.C.; Li, Z.S.; Zou, Z.G. Photodegradation of rhodamine B and methyl orange over boron-doped g-C3N4 under visible light irradiation. Langmuir 2010, 26, 3894-3901. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
53. Zheng, Y.; Pan, Z.M.; Wang, X.C. Advances in photocatalysis in China. Chin. J. Catal. 2013, 34, 524-535. [CrossRef].
54. Zheng, Y.; Lin, L.H.; Wang, B.; Wang, X.C. Graphitic carbon nitride polymers toward sustainable photoredox catalysis. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 12868-12884. [CrossRef] [PubMed].
55. Lin, L.H.; Ou, H.H.; Zhang, Y.;Wang, X.C. Tri-s-Triazine-based crystalline graphitic carbon nitrides for highly efficient hydrogen evolution photocatalysis. ACS Catal. 2016, 6, 3921-3931. [CrossRef].
56. Yuan, X.;Wang, Y.;Wang, J.; Zhou, C.; Tang, Q.; Rao, X. Calcined graphene/MgAl-layered double hydroxides for enhanced Cr(VI) removal. Chem. Eng. J. 2013, 221, 204-213. [CrossRef].
57. Lazaridis, N.K.; Asouhidou, D.D. Kinetics of sorptive removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions by calcined Mg-Al-CO3 hydrotalcite. Water Res. 2003, 37, 2875-2882. [CrossRef].