A randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial of a fixed dose of N -acetyl cysteine in children with autistic disorder

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 51, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 241-249

  Dean, Olivia M ^a,b,c   Gray, Kylie M ^d   Villagonzalo, Kristi Ann ^b   Dodd, Seetal ^a,b   Mohebbi, Mohammadreza ^a   Vick, Tanya ^a   Tonge, Bruce J ^d   Berk, Michael ^a,b,c,e  

^a DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^c FLOREY INSTITUTE OF NEUROSCIENCE AND MENTAL HEALTH   (Australia)

^d MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^e THE NATIONAL CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH   (Australia)

Author keywords

acetyl cysteine; Autism; clinical trial; spectrum

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; MELATONIN; PLACEBO; RISPERIDONE; SCAVENGER;

ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; AUTISM; AUTISM ASSESSMENT; AUTISM DIAGNOSTIC OBSERVATION SCHEDULE; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; CHILD; CHILDREN COMMUNICATION CHECKLIST SECOND EDITION; COMMON COLD SYMPTOM; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYST; DISEASE EXACERBATION; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DSM-IV; EAR DISEASE; FEMALE; FEVER; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REPETITIVE BEHAVIOR SCALE; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASE; SKIN MANIFESTATION; SOCIAL COMMUNICATION QUESTIONNAIRE; SOCIAL RESPONSIVENESS SCALE; TONSILLITIS; TREATMENT DURATION; VINELAND ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR SCALE SECOND EDITION; AUTISTIC DISORDER; PRESCHOOL CHILD; TREATMENT FAILURE;

ACETYLCYSTEINE; AUTISTIC DISORDER; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FEMALE; FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS; HUMANS; MALE; TREATMENT FAILURE;

EID: 85013296117     PISSN: 00048674     EISSN: 14401614     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0004867416652735     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Adams JB, Audhya T, McDonough-Means S, et al. (2011) Nutritional and metabolic status of children with autism vs. neurotypical children, and the association with autism severity. Nutrition & Metabolism 8: 34.
2. Al-Yafee YA, Al-Ayadhi LY, Haq SH, et al. (2011) Novel metabolic biomarkers related to sulfur-dependent detoxification pathways in autistic patients of Saudi Arabia. BMC Neurology 11: 139.
3. American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
4. Atkuri KR, Mantovani JJ, Herzenberg LA, et al. (2007) N-Acetylcysteine-A safe antidote for cysteine/glutathione deficiency. Current Opinion in Pharmacology 7: 355-359.
5. Berk M, Copolov DL, Dean O, et al. (2008a) N-acetyl cysteine as a glutathione precursor for schizophrenia-a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Biological Psychiatry 64: 361-368.
6. Berk M, Copolov DL, Dean O, et al. (2008b) N-acetyl cysteine for depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder-a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Biological Psychiatry 64: 468-475.
7. Berk M, Dean O, Cotton S, et al. (2014) The efficacy of adjunctive N-acetylcysteine in major depression: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 75: 628-636.
8. Berk M, Ng F, Dean O, et al. (2008c) Glutathione: A novel treatment target in psychiatry. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 29: 346-351.
9. Betancur C, (2011) Etiological heterogeneity in autism spectrum disorders: More than 100 genetic and genomic disorders and still counting. Brain Research 1380: 42-77.
10. Carlsten C, MacNutt MJ, Zhang Z, et al. (2014) Anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine diminishes diesel exhaust-induced increased airway responsiveness in person with airway hyper-reactivity. Toxicological Sciences 139: 479-487.
11. Cohly HH, Panja A, (2005) Immunological findings in autism. International Review of Neurobiology 71: 317-341.
12. Einfeld SL, Tonge BJ, (1995) The developmental behavior checklist: The development and validation of an instrument to assess behavioral and emotional disturbance in children and adolescents with mental retardation. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 25: 81-104.
13. Geier DA, Kern JK, Garver CR, et al. (2009) A prospective study of transsulfuration biomarkers in autistic disorders. Neurochemical Research 34: 386-393.
14. Ghanizadeh A, Moghimi-Sarani E, (2013) A randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical trial of N-Acetylcysteine added to risperidone for treating autistic disorders. BMC Psychiatry 13: 196.
15. Hardan AY, Fung LK, Libove RA, et al. (2012) A randomized controlled pilot trial of oral N-acetylcysteine in children with autism. Biological Psychiatry 71: 956-961.
16. Kern JK, Jones AM, (2006) Evidence of toxicity, oxidative stress, and neuronal insult in autism. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B: Critical Reviews 9: 485-499.
17. Main PA, Angley MT, O'Doherty CE, et al. (2012) The potential role of the antioxidant and detoxification properties of glutathione in autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition & Metabolism 9: 35.
18. Matson JL, LoVullo SV, (2009) Trends and topics in autism spectrum disorders research. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 3: 252-257.
19. Molloy CA, Manning-Courtney P, (2003) Prevalence of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism and autistic spectrum disorders. Autism 7: 165-171.
20. Reinero CR, Lee-Fowler TM, Dodam JR, et al. (2011) Endotracheal nebulization of N-acetylcysteine increases airway resistance in cats with experimental asthma. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 13: 69-73.
21. Sen CK, (1997) Nutritional biochemistry of cellular glutathione. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 8: 660-672.
22. Villagonzalo KA, Dodd S, Dean O, et al. (2010) Oxidative pathways as a drug target for the treatment of autism. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets 14: 1301-1310.
23. Wu G, Fang YZ, Yang S, et al. (2004) Glutathione metabolism and its implications for health. Journal of Nutrition 134: 489-492.