A religion, not a state: Ali 'Abd al-Raziq's Islamic justification of political secularism

A Religion, Not a State: Ali 'Abd al-Raziq's Islamic justification of Political Secularism

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 1-163

  Ali, Souad T ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85012950015     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (124)

1. 'Abd al-Mawla, Mahmoud. Tanzhimat al-Mujtama' wa al-Dawlah fi al-Islam (Organization of Society and State in Islam). Tunis: Al-Sharkia al-Tunisiyyah lil Tawzi', 1973.
2. 'Abd al-Raziq, Ali. Al-Islam wa Usul al-H. ukm: Bah. th fi al-Khilafah wa-al-H. ukumah fi al-Islam (Islam and the Foundations of Rule: Research on the Caliphate and Government in Islam). First Edition. Cairo: Matba'at Misr, 1925.
3. 'Abd al-Raziq. Al-Islam wa Usul al-H. ukm: Bah. th fi al-Khilafah wa-al-H. ukumah fi al-Islam. Includes comments and criticism by Mamdouh Haqqi. Beirut: Dar Maktabat al-Hayat, 1966.
4. 'Abd al-Raziq. Al-Islam wa Usul al-H. ukm: Bah. th fi al-Khilafah wa-al-H. ukumah fi al-Islam. Sousa, Tunis: Al-Marif House for Print and Publications, 2001.
5. 'Abdel Kader, Soha. Egyptian Women in a Changing Society: 1899-1987. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Reinner Publishers, 1987.
6. 'Abduh, Muhammad. Al-A'mal al-Kamila (The Complete Works). Ed. Muhammad 'Imarah. Beirut: al-Mu'ssassa al-'Arabyia li al-Dirasat wa-al-Nashr, 1972.
7. Abduh, Muhammad. "Al-Tasawwuf wal Sufiyyah" (To Be a Sufi and Sufism). In Al-A'mal al- Kamila. Vol. 3. Ed. Muhammad 'Imarah. Beirut: al-Mu'ssassa al-'Arabyia li al- Dirasat wa-al-Nashr, 1972.
8. Abduh, Muhammad. Risalat al-Tawhid (The Theology of Unity). Ed. Muhammad Muhy al-Din 'Abd al-Hamdi. Cairo: Matba'at Muhammad Sabih and Sons, 1966.
9. Abduh, Muhammad. The Theology of Unity. Trans. Ishaq Musa 'ad and Kenneth Cragg. London: Allen and Unwin, 1966.
10. Abduh, Muhammad. Al-Muslimun wa al-Islam (Muslims and Islam). Ed. Tahir Tanahi. Cairo: Dar al-Islam, 1963.
11. 'Aboud, 'Abd al-Ghani. Al-Dawlah al-Islamiyyah wa-al-Dawlah al-Mu'asirah (The Islamic State and the Contemporary State). 1st edition. Cairo: Dar al-Fikr al- 'Arabi, 1981.
12. Abu Zayd, Nasr Hamid. "Enlightenment in Islamic Thought." Online version, 2004. http://www.kath.de/akademie/rahner/vortag/enlight.html, 1-10.
13. Adams, Charles C. Islam and Modernism in Egypt: A Study of the Modern Reform Movement Inaugurated by Muhammad 'Abduh. New York: Russell and Russell, 1968.
14. Affendi, Abdelwahab El. Al-Turabi's Revolution: Islam and Power in Sudan. London: Grey Seal Books, 1991.
15. Affendi, Abdelwahab El. Who Needs an Islamic State? London: Malaysia Think Tank (MTT), 2008.
16. Afghani, Jamal al-Din al- Al-A'mal al-Kamilah li Jamal al-Din al-Afghani (The Complete Works of Jamal al-Din al-Afghani). Ed. Muhammad 'Imarah. Cairo: Egyptian Public Association for Publication, 1966.
17. Amin, Ahmed. Duha al-Islam (The Forenoon of Islam). Cairo: n.p., 1936.
18. 'Aqqad, 'Abbas Mahmoud al- Muhammad 'Abduh. Cairo: Dar al-Kitab al-'Arabi, 1969.
19. Arnold, Sir Thomas W. The Caliphate. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924. Reissued with an additional chapter, New York: Barnes and Noble, 1966.
20. 'Awwa, Muhammad Salim al- Fi al-Nizham al-Siyasi li al-Dawla al-Islamiyya (On the Political System of the Islamic State). 6th edition. Cairo: al-Maktab -Misri al-Hadith, 1983.
21. Ayalon, Ami. "Egypt's Quest for Cultural Orientation." The Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, Tel Aviv University. Online version, 2004. http://www.dayan.org/D&A-Egypt-ami.htm, 1-34.
22. Ayoub, Nazih. Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Arab World. London: Routledge, 1991.
23. Baladi, Sadiq al- "75 'Aman 'Ala Sudur Al-Islam wa Usul al-H. ukm," ("75 Years After the Publication of Islam and the Foundations of Rule"). http://www.althakafaaljadeda.com/296/sadik.htm. Accessed 2007.
24. Balawi, Mutlaq al- Al-'Uthmaniyyun fi Shamal al-Jazira al-'Arabiyya: 1908-1923 (The Ottomans North of the Arabian Peninsula: 1908-1923). Beirut: Arab Encyclopedia House, 2007.
25. Banna, Hasan al- Five Tracts of Hasan al-Banna. Trans. Charles Wendell. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975.
26. Banna, Hasan al- Majmu'at Rasa'il al-Imam al-Shahid Hasan al-Banna (Collected Tracts of the Martyred Imam Hasan al-Banna). Beirut: Dar al-Andalus, 1965.
27. Banna, Hasan al-Memoirs of Hasan al-Banna Shaheed. Karachi: International Islamic Publishers, 1981.
28. Baqillani, Abu Bakr al- Al-Tamhid. Ed. Mahmoud Muhammad al-Khudayri and Muhammad 'Abd al-Hadi Abu Rida. Cairo, 1947.
29. Bates, Daniel, and Amal Rassam. Peoples and Cultures of the Middle East. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1983.
30. Bellah, Robert N. Beyond Belief: Essays on Religion in a Post-Traditional World. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
31. Berque, Jacque. Egypt: Imperialism and Revolution. Trans. Jean Stewart. London: Faber and Faber, 1972.
32. Binder, Leonard. Islamic Liberalism: A Critique of Development Ideologies. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.
33. Black, Antony. The History of Islamic Political Thought: From the Prophet to the Present. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2001.
34. Cleveland, William L. The Making of an Arab Nationalist: Ottomanism and Arabism in the Life and Thought of Sati al-Husri. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1971.
35. Cooper, John, Mohamed Mahmoud, and Ronald Nettler, eds. Islam and Modernity: Muslim Intellectuals Respond. London: I. B. Tauris Publishers, 1998.
36. Cragg, Kenneth. "Muslim Encounters with the West." The Encyclopedia of Politics and Religion. Ed. Robert Wuthnow. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, 1998.
37. Deeb, Nashawi al- "Muh. akamat Sheikh Azhari Asbaha Waziran lil-Awqaf," (A Trial of an Azharite Scholar Who Became a Minister of Endowment), al-'Arabi 11, no. 884 (November 9, 2003).
38. Farhad, Kazemi. "Perspectives on Islam and Civil Society." In Islamic Political Ethics: Civil Society, Pluralism, and Conflict, 38-55. Ed. Sohail H. Hashmi. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002.
39. Fouad, 'Abd al-Fattah Ahmed. Ibn Taymiyya and His Position from Islamic Philosophical Thought. Alexandria: Egypt Book Public Corporation, 1980.
40. Gallab, Abdullahi A. The First Islamist Republic: Development and Disintegration of Islamism in the Sudan. Aldershot, Hamshire: Ashgate, 2008.
41. Gellner, Ernest. Nations and Nationalism. Oxford: Blackwell, 1983.
42. Ghannam, Suleiman al- Political, Regional, and International Environment in the Arabian Peninsula during the Emergence of King Abdul Aziz to Establish the Modern Saudi State. Riaydh: Maktabat al-Ebaikan, 1999. Published in Arabic; given the long title, I have only included the English translation.
43. Ghazali, Abu-Hamid al- Al-Iqtisad fi al-I'tiqad (The Golden Mean in Belief). Includes commentary by Insaf Ramadan. Damascus: Qutayba Printing, Publishing and Distribution Press, 2003.
44. Gibb, Hamilton A. R. Studies on the Civilization of Islam. Ed. Stanford J. Shaw and William R. Polk. Boston: Beacon Press, 1962.
45. Haddad, Yvonne. Contemporary Islam and the Challenge of History. Albany, N.Y.: SUN Y Press, 1982.
46. Haddad, Yvonne. "Muhammad Abduh: Pioneer of Islamic Reform." In Pioneers of Islamic Revival, 30-63. Ed. Rahema Ali. London: Zed Books, 1994.
47. Hafez, Sabry. "The Novel, Politics and Islam: Haydar Haydar's Banques for Seaweed." New Left Review 5 (September 2000):117-141.
48. Hamza, Fuad. Qalb al-Jazira al-'Arabiyya (The Heart of the Arabian Peninsula). 2nd ed. Riyadh: al-Nasr Modern Library, 1968.
49. Haqqi, Mamdouh. Naqd wa Ta'liq (Comments and Criticism), in 'Abd al-Raziq, Al-Islam wa Usul alH. ukm, 1966.
50. Haykal, Hasanayn. Mudhakkirat fi al-Siyasah al-Misriyyah. Cairo, 1951.
51. Haykal, Muhammad Husayn. Waladi (My Son). Cairo: n.p., 1931.
52. Hijazi, Yasir. "Al-Islam wa Usul al-H. ukm: Ma'rkiat al-Din wa-al-Siyasa," (Islam and the Foundations of Rule: The Battle of Religion and Politics) http://www.thenewlibya.com/october25/Asalaamhkm.htm accessed 2007.
53. Holy Bible: King James Version. Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House [n.d.].
54. Holy Quran: English Translation of the Meanings and Commentary. Medina: King Fahd Holy Quran Printing Complex, 1990.
55. Hourani, Albert. Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age, 1798-1939. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962.
56. Husayn, Sheikh Muhammad al-Khidr. NaqD Kitab Al-Islam wa-Usul al-H. ukm. In 'Imarah, Ma'rikat Al-Islam wa-Usul al-H. ukm, 1989.
57. Husayn, Taha. Mustaqbal al-Thaqafah fi Misr (The Future of Culture in Egypt). Trans. S. Glazer. Washington, D.C.: American Council on Learned Societies, 1954.
58. Huwaidi, Fahmi. Al-Islam wa-al-Dimuqratiyyah (Islam and Democracy). Cairo: Markaz al-Ahram lil-Tarjamah wa-al-Nashr, 1993.
59. Ibn Jama'a. Tah. rir al-Ah. kam fi Tadbir Ahl al-Islam (Summary of the Rules for the Governance of the People of Islam). Ed. Khair Eddin al-Tunisi. Beirut: Dar al- Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, 2003.
60. Ibn Khaldun. The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History. Trans. Franz Rosenthal. Ed. and abridged by N. J. Dawood. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.
61. Ibn Tamiyya. Al-Siyasa al-Shar'iyya. Online original Arabic Text. http://arabic.islamicweb.com/Books/Taimiya.asp?book=8 (accessed July 2007).
62. Ibrahim, Zakeria. Ibn Hazm al-Andalusi. Cairo: Egypt Publication House, 1966. 'Imarah, Muhammad. Al-Islam wa-al-Siyasah: Al-Radd 'ala Shubuhat al- 'Ilmaniyyin (Islam and Politics: Responding to the False Arguments of Secularists). Cairo: Dar al-Tawzi' wa-al-Nashr al-Islamiyyah, 1993.
63. 'Imarah, Muhammad. Al-Islam wa-al-Siyasah: Al-Radd 'ala Shubuhat al- 'Ilmaniyyin (Islam and Politics: Responding to the False Arguments of Secularists). Cairo: Dar al-Tawzi' wa-al-Nashr al-Islamiyyah, 1993.
64. Ibrahim, Zakeria. Al-Islam wal Sulta al-Diniyyah (Islam and Religious Authority). Cairo: Dar al-Thaqafa al-Jadida, 1979.
65. Ibrahim, Zakeria. Al-Islam wa Usul al-H. ukm: Dirasa wa-Watha'iq (Islam and the Foundations of Rule: A Study and Documentations). Beirut: Arabic Association of Printing and Publishing, 1972.
66. Ibrahim, Zakeria. Al-Sah. wah al-Islamiyyah wa-al-Tah.addial-H. adari (Islamic Revival and Civilizational Challenge). Cairo: Dar al-Mustaqbal al-'Arabi, 1985.
67. Ibrahim, Zakeria. Ma'rikat Al-Islam wa-Usul al-H. ukm (The Battle of Islam and the Foundations of Rule). Cairo: Dar al-Shuruq, 1989.
68. Isma'il, Sayf al-Din 'Abd al-Fattah. Al-Tajdid al-Siyasi wa-al-Waqi' al-'Arabi al- Mu'asir: Ru'yah Islamiyyah (Political Renewal and Contemporary Arab Reality: An Islamic Vision). Cairo: Maktabat al-Nahda al-Misriyyah, 1989.
69. Kaylani, Shams-Eddin al- Al-Imam Muhammad 'Abduh: 1849-1905. Damascus: al- Ahali Lil-Nashr wa-al-Tawzi'. First Edition, 2001.
70. Kamguian, Azam, and Mona Basaruddin, eds. Bulletin of "Committee to Defend Women's Rights in the Middle East" 15 (August 2003). Institute for the Secularization of Islamic Society. http://www.isisforum.com/women/bulletin15. htm#Iran
71. Katib, Ahmed al- "Ibn Tamiyya Supports the Theory of Tyranny and Oppression." http://www.iraqcenter.net/vb/archive/index.php/t-3276.html. Accessed 2007.
72. Kelsay, John. "Civil Society and Government in Islam." In Islamic Political Ethics: Civil Society, Pluralism, and Conflict, 3-37. Ed. Sohail H. Hashmi. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002.
73. Kerr, Malcolm H. Islamic Reform: The Traditional and Legal Theories of Muhammad 'Abduh and Rashid Rida. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966.
74. Khalid, Khalid Muhammad. Al-Dimuqratiyyah Abadan (Democracy Forever). Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-'Arabi, 1974.
75. Khalid, Khalid Muhammad. Min Huna Nabda' (From Here We Start). Cairo, 1950.
76. Khan, Qamar-ud-din. Al-Mawardi's Theory of the State. Lahore, Bazm-i-Iqbal, [n.d.].
77. Kurdi, Abdulrahman Abdulkadir. The Islamic State: A Study Based on the Islamic Holy Constitution. London: Mansell Publishing, 1984.
78. Lambton, Ann K. S. State and Government in Medieval Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1981.
79. Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
80. Lapidus, Ira M. "The Separation of State and Religion in Early Islamic Society." International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 6, no. 4 (October 1975).
81. Lapidus, Ira M. "State and Religion in Islamic Societies." Past and Present, no. 151 (May 1996).
82. Lawrence, Bruce. Defenders of God: The Fundamentalism Revolt Against the Modern Age. New York: Harper and Row, 1989.
83. Madelung, Wilfred. "The Shiite and Kharijite Contribution to Pre-Ash'arite Kalam." In Islamic Philosophical Theology. Ed. Parviz Morewedge. New York: SUN Y Press, 1979.
84. Mawardi, Abu al-Hasan 'Ali al- Al-Ahkam al-Sultaniyya wa-al Wilayat al-Diniyya (The Ordinances of Government and the States of Religion). Ed. Ahmed Mubarak al-Baghdadi. Kuwait City: Dar ibn Qutayba Publications, 1989.
85. Mitchell, Richard P. The Society of the Muslim Brothers. London: Oxford University Press, 1969.
86. Moussalli, Ahmad S. "Hasan al-Turabi's Islamist discourse on Democracy and shura." High Beam Research: http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?do cid=1G1:15031995&refid=ink_d5&skeyword=&teaser (accessed 2009).
87. Munson, Henry Jr. Islam and Revolution in the Middle East. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.
88. Muti'i, Sheikh Muhammad Bakhit al- (a.k.a. Bakhit). Haqiqat Al-Islam wa Usul al-H. ukm (The Truth about Islam and the Foundations of Rule). Cairo: The Salafiyya Publication, 1926.
89. Nasr, Seyyed Hossein, and Oliver Leaman, eds. The History of Islamic Philosophy. Routledge History of World Philosophies. Vol. 1. London: Routledge, 1996.
90. 'Owf, Ahmed Muhammad. "Al-'Arab fi Jahiliyya" (Arabs in the Jahiliyya). Online version of Minbar al-Islam magazine. http://www.islammemo.cc/article1. aspx?id=26493, accessed 2007.
91. Parvez, Manzoor. "Islamic Liberalism and Beyond." Book Review. American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 7, 1:1-9. Online version http://www.algonet. se/~pmanzoor/Binder.htm (2009).
92. Rahnema, Ali, ed. Pioneers of Islamic Revival. London: Zed Books, 1994.
93. Raihani, Amin al- The Modern History of Najd and the Biography of Abdul Aziz bin Abd al-Rahman al-Faisal al Saud, King of Hijaz and Najd and Their Supplements. Published in Arabic. Beirut: Arabic Studies and Printing Publishing Foundation, 1980.
94. Rayyis, Muhammad Diya' al-Din al- Al-Islam wa-al-Khilafa fi al-'Asr al-Hadith: Naqd Kitab al-Islam wa-Usul al-H. ukm. Beirut: Al-'Asr al-Hadith lil-Nashr, 1973.
95. Reid, Donald M. "Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age: Twenty Years After." International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 14, 4 (November 1982).
96. Rosenthal, Erwin. Political Thought in Medieval Islam: An Introductory Outline. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1958.
97. Safran, Nadav. Egypt in Search of Political Community: An Analysis of the Intellectual and Political Revolution of Egypt, 1804-1952. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1961.
98. Sa'id, Rif 'at al- Al-Irhab al-Muta'aslam: Limadha wa Mata wa ila Ayn? (Islamized Terrorism: Why, When, and to Where?) Cairo: Amal Publishing, 2004.
99. Salvatore, Armando. Islam and the Political Discourse of Modernity. Reading, U.K.: Ithaca Press, 1997.
100. Sanders, Gregory. "Dr. Hasan Al-Turabi: His Political Philosophy in Context of Religion and Progress." http://titan.zort.net/~gsanders/text/alturabi.html (accessed 2009).
101. Sayed, Youssef (Yusuf) al- Rashid Rida wa-al-'Awda ila Manhaj al-Salaf (Rashid Rida and the Return to the Salaf Manhaj). Cairo: Mirette, 2000.
102. Sayyid Marsot, Afaf Lufti al- A Short History of Modern Egypt. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
103. Shaw, Stanford J., and Ezel Kural Shaw. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
104. Sherwani, Haroon Khan. Studies in Muslim Political Thought and Administration. Fourth edition. Lahore: Ashraf Press, 1963.
105. Sidahmed, Abd al-Salam. Politics and Islam in Contemporary Sudan. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996.
106. Sidahmed, Abd al-Salam, and Anoushiravan Ehteshami, eds. Islamic Fundamentalism. Boulder: Westview Press, 1996.
107. Sirrs, Julie. "The Taliban's International Ambitions." Middle East Quarterly 8, no. 3 (2001). Online version: http://www.meforum.org/article/486 (accessed 2009).
108. Smith, Charles D. Islam and the Search for Social Order in Modern Egypt: A Biography of Muhammad Husayn Haykal. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1983.
109. Smith, Wilfred Cantwell. Islam in Modern History. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1957.
110. Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir al- Tafsir al-Tabari. Cairo: Dar al-Ma'arif, 1961.
111. Talbi, Muhammad al- 'Iyal Allah: Afkar Jadidah fi 'Alaqat al-Muslim bi Nafsihi wa bil Akharin (Children of God: New Ideas on the Muslim's Relationship with Himself and Others). Tunis: Sras Publishers, 1992.
112. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001. Online Version: http://www.bartleby.com/65/ca/caliphat.html
113. Thornton, Ted. "Sati al-Husri (1880-1968)." History of the Middle East Database. http://www.nmhscool.org/tthornton/mehistorydatabase/sati_alhusri.php (accessed 2009).
114. Tibi, Bassam. The Challenge of Fundamentalism: Political Islam and the New World. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2002.
115. Tibi, Bassam. The Crisis of Modern Islam: A Preindustrial Culture in the Scientific-Technological Age. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1988.
116. Tibi, Bassam. "The Idea of an Islamic State and the Call for the Implementation of the Shari'a/Divine Law." Middle East Information Center. Online article. http:// meddleeastinfo.org/article4480.html (accessed 2009).
117. Tripp, Charles. "Sayyid Qutb: The Political Vision." In Pioneers of Islamic Revival, 154-183. Ed. Ali Rahnema. London: Zed Books, 1994.
118. Voll, John O. Islam: Continuity and Change in the Modern World. Boulder: Westview Press, 1982.
119. Wahba, Hafiz. The Arabian Peninsula in the 20th Century. 3rd ed. Cairo: Afaq Arabic Publishing. http://www.edwardtrimnell.com/middleeast-worldwari.htm, accessed 2007.
120. Watt, W. Montgomery. Islamic Philosophy and Theology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1985.
121. Watt, W. The Formative Period of Islamic Thought. Oxford: One World Publications, 1998.
122. Wazzani, Muhammad Hassan al- Al-Islam wa-al-Dawala (Islam and the State). Fez, Morocco: Alwazzani Association, 1987.
123. Weiss, Bernard G. The Spirit of Islamic Law. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998.
124. Wuthnow, Robert, ed. The Encyclopedia of Politics and Religion. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, 1998.Sirrs, Julie. "The Taliban's International Ambitions." Middle East Quarterly 8, no. 3 (2001). Online version: http://www.meforum.org/article/486 (accessed 2009).