Antidepressant prescribing in the precision medicine era: A prescriber's primer on pharmacogenetic tools

BMC Psychiatry

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2017, Pages

  Bousman, Chad A ^a,b   Forbes, Malcolm ^a   Jayaram, Mahesh ^a   Eyre, Harris ^a,c,d   Reynolds, Charles F ^e   Berk, Michael ^a,c   Hopwood, Malcolm ^a   Ng, Chee ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^b SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Australia)

^c DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

^e UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Decision support; Major depressive disorder; Pharmacogenomics; Precision medicine; Psychiatry

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; CYTOCHROME P450 2C19; CYTOCHROME P450 2D6; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT;

ALLELE; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CULTURAL FACTOR; DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; ETHNICITY; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; GENETIC PRIVACY; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HUMAN; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE; PHARMACOGENETIC TESTING; PHYSICIAN; PRESCRIPTION; REVIEW; DECISION MAKING; MENTAL DISORDERS; PHARMACOGENETICS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; DECISION MAKING; DRUG PRESCRIPTIONS; HUMANS; MENTAL DISORDERS; PHARMACOGENETICS; PRECISION MEDICINE;

EID: 85012048675     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1471244X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1230-5     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. Pharmaceutical market [http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/data-00545-en ]
2. Papakostas GI. Managing partial response or nonresponse: switching, augmentation, and combination strategies for major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009;70 Suppl 6:16-25.
3. Papakostas GI. Tolerability of modern antidepressants. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69(Suppl E1):8-13.
4. Sinyor M, Schaffer A, Levitt A. The sequenced treatment alternatives to relieve depression (STAR*D) trial: a review. Can J Psychiatry. 2010;55(3):126-35.
5. Berk M, Berk L. Is 'depression' the new 'neurosis'? Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2013;47(4):297-8.
6. Davey CG, Chanen AM. The unfulfilled promise of the antidepressant medications. Med J Aust. 2016;204(9):348-50.
7. Tansey KE, Guipponi M, Hu X, Domenici E, Lewis G, Malafosse A, Wendland JR, Lewis CM, McGuffin P, Uher R. Contribution of common genetic variants to antidepressant response. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;73(7):679-82.
8. Crisafulli C, Fabbri C, Porcelli S, Drago A, Spina E, De Ronchi D, Serretti A. Pharmacogenetics of antidepressants. Front Pharmacol. 2011;2:6.
9. Bonham VL, Callier SL, Royal CD. Will precision medicine move us beyond race? N Engl J Med. 2016;374(21):2003-5.
10. Bousman CA, Hopwood M. Commercial pharmacogenetic-based decision-support tools in psychiatry. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(6):585-90.
11. Perlis RH. Abandoning personalization to get to precision in the pharmacotherapy of depression. World Psychiatry. 2016;15(3):228-35.
12. Trivedi MH. Right patient, right treatment, right time: biosignatures and precision medicine in depression. World Psychiatry. 2016;15(3):237-8.
13. Demyttenaere K. Taking the depressed "person" into account before moving into personalized or precision medicine. World Psychiatry. 2016;15(3):236-7.
14. Simon GE. Can we at least learn to fail faster? World Psychiatry. 2016;15(3):243-4.
15. de Leon J. Pharmacogenetic tests in psychiatry: from fear to failure to hype. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2016;36(4):299-304.
16. Winner JG, Dechairo B. Combinatorial versus individual gene pharmacogenomic testing in mental health: a perspective on context and implications on clinical utility. Yale J Biol Med. 2015;88(4):375-82.
17. Peterson K, Dieperink E, Ferguson L, Anderson J, Helfand M. Evidence brief: the comparative effectiveness, harms, and cost-effectiveness of pharmacogenomics-guided antidepressant treatment versus usual care for major depressive disorder. Portland: VA ESP Project #09-199; 2016.
18. Dodd S, Berk M. Predictors of antidepressant response: a selective review. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2004;8(2):91-100.
19. Relling MV, Klein TE. CPIC: clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium of the pharmacogenomics research network. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011;89(3):464-7.
20. Hicks JK, Bishop JR, Sangkuhl K, Muller DJ, Ji Y, Leckband SG, Leeder JS, Graham RL, Chiulli DL, LLerena A, et al. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes and dosing of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015;98(2):127-34.
21. Caudle KE, Klein TE, Hoffman JM, Muller DJ, Whirl-Carrillo M, Gong L, McDonagh EM, Sangkuhl K, Thorn CF, Schwab M, et al. Incorporation of pharmacogenomics into routine clinical practice: the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guideline development process. Curr Drug Metab. 2014;15(2):209-17.
22. Hicks JK, Swen JJ, Thorn CF, Sangkuhl K, Kharasch ED, Ellingrod VL, Skaar TC, Muller DJ, Gaedigk A, Stingl JC. Clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium guideline for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes and dosing of tricyclic antidepressants. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2013;93(5):402-8.
23. Thompson C, Steven PH, Catriona H. Psychiatrist attitudes towards pharmacogenetic testing, direct-to-consumer genetic testing, and integrating genetic counseling into psychiatric patient care. Psychiatry Res. 2015;226(1):68-72.
24. Walden LM, Brandl EJ, Changasi A, Sturgess JE, Soibel A, Notario JF, Cheema S, Braganza N, Marshe VS, Freeman N, et al. Physicians' opinions following pharmacogenetic testing for psychotropic medication. Psychiatry Res. 2015;229(3):913-8.
25. Salm M, Abbate K, Appelbaum P, Ottman R, Chung W, Marder K, Leu CS, Alcalay R, Goldman J, Curtis AM, et al. Use of genetic tests among neurologists and psychiatrists: knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and needs for training. J Genet Couns. 2014;23(2):156-63.
26. Fields ES, Lorenz RA, Winner JG: Use of combinatorial pharmacogenomic testing in two cases from community psychiatry. Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine 2016, 2016(9):79-84.
27. Data-Franco J, Berk M. The nocebo effect: a clinicians guide. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2013;47(7):617-23.
28. Haga SB, LaPointe NM. The potential impact of pharmacogenetic testing on medication adherence. Pharmacogenomics J. 2013;13(6):481-3.
29. Fagerness J, Fonseca E, Hess GP, Scott R, Gardner KR, Koffler M, Fava M, Perlis R, Brennan FX, Lombard J. Pharmacogenetic-guided psychiatric intervention associated with increased adherence and cost savings. Am J Manag Care. 2014;20(5):e146-56.
30. Karasu TB, Gelenberg A, Merriam A, Wang P. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
31. Bulloch AG, Patten SB. Non-adherence with psychotropic medications in the general population. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2010;45(1):47-56.
32. Rosenblat JD, Lee Y, McIntyre RS: Does Pharmacogenomic Testing Improve Clinical Outcomes for Major Depressive Disorder? A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials and Cost-Effectiveness Studies. J Clin Psychiatry 2017. doi: 10.4088/JCP.15r10583. [Epub ahead of print]
33. Altar CA, Carhart J, Allen JD, Hall-Flavin D, Winner J, Dechairo B. Clinical utility of combinatorial pharmacogenomics-guided antidepressant therapy: evidence from three clinical studies. Mol Neuropsychiatry. 2015;1(3):145-55.
34. Berm EJ, Looff M, Wilffert B, Boersma C, Annemans L, Vegter S, Boven JF, Postma MJ. Economic evaluations of pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic screening tests: a systematic review. Second update of the literature. PLoS One. 2016;11(1):e0146262.
35. The 2011 Oxford CEBM Evidence Levels of Evidence (Introductory Document) [ http://www.cebm.net/index.aspx?o=5653 ]
36. Singh AB. Improved antidepressant remission in major depression via a pharmacokinetic pathway polygene pharmacogenetic report. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2015;13(2):150-6.
37. Winner JG, Carhart JM, Altar CA, Allen JD, Dechairo BM. A prospective, randomized, double-blind study assessing the clinical impact of integrated pharmacogenomic testing for major depressive disorder. Discov Med. 2013;16(89):219-27.
38. Yu SH, Liu SK, Lin KM. Psychopharmacology across cultures. In: Bhugra D, Bhui K, editors. Textbook of cultural psychiatry. 1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2007.
39. Ng CH, Schweitzer I, Norman T, Easteal S. The emerging role of pharmacogenetics: implications for clinical psychiatry. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2004;38(7):483-9.
40. Fricke-Galindo I, Cespedes-Garro C, Rodrigues-Soares F, Naranjo ME, Delgado A, de Andres F, Lopez-Lopez M, Penas-Lledo E, LLerena A. Interethnic variation of CYP2C19 alleles, 'predicted' phenotypes and 'measured' metabolic phenotypes across world populations. Pharmacogenomics J. 2016;16(2):113-23.
41. Poolsup N, Li Wan Po A, Knight TL. Pharmacogenetics and psychopharmacotherapy. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2000;25(3):197-220.
42. Gaedigk A, Sangkuhl K, Whirl-Carrillo M, Klein T, Leeder JS: Prediction of CYP2D6 phenotype from genotype across world populations. Genet Med. 2016
43. Mizzi C, Dalabira E, Kumuthini J, Dzimiri N, Balogh I, Basak N, Bohm R, Borg J, Borgiani P, Bozina N, et al. A european spectrum of pharmacogenomic biomarkers: implications for clinical pharmacogenomics. PLoS One. 2016;11(9):e0162866.
44. Masimirembwa C, Dandara C, Hasler J. Population diversity and pharmacogenomics in Africa. In: Padmanabhan S, editor. Handbook of pharmacogenomics and stratified medicine. 1st ed. London: Academic; 2014. p. 971-98.
45. Zhang W, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ, Chen XP, He YJ. Pharmacogenomics in China. In: Padmanabhan S, editor. Handbook of pharmacogenomics and stratified medicine. London: Academic; 2014. p. 999-1013.
46. Espadaler J, Tuson M, Lopez-Ibor JM, Lopez-Ibor F, Lopez-Ibor MI. Pharmacogenetic testing for the guidance of psychiatric treatment: a multicenter retrospective analysis. CNS Spectr 201;21:1-10. [Epub ahead of print]
47. Hall-Flavin DK, Winner JG, Allen JD, Carhart JM, Proctor B, Snyder KA, Drews MS, Eisterhold LL, Geske J, Mrazek DA. Utility of integrated pharmacogenomic testing to support the treatment of major depressive disorder in a psychiatric outpatient setting. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2013;23(10):535-48.
48. Breitenstein B, Scheuer S, Pfister H, Uhr M, Lucae S, Holsboer F, Ising M, Bruckl TM. The clinical application of ABCB1 genotyping in antidepressant treatment: a pilot study. CNS Spectr. 2014;19(2):165-75.
49. Brennan FX, Gardner KR, Lombard J, Perlis RH, Fava M, Harris HW, Scott R. A naturalistic study of the effectiveness of pharmacogenetic testing to guide treatment in psychiatric patients with mood and anxiety disorders. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2015;17(2):73-9.
50. Winner J, Allen JD, Altar CA, Spahic-Mihajlovic A. Psychiatric pharmacogenomics predicts health resource utilization of outpatients with anxiety and depression. Transl Psychiatry. 2013;3:e242.
51. Winner JG, Carhart JM, Altar CA, Goldfarb S, Allen JD, Lavezzari G, Parsons KK, Marshak AG, Garavaglia S, Dechairo BM. Combinatorial pharmacogenomic guidance for psychiatric medications reduces overall pharmacy costs in a 1 year prospective evaluation. Curr Med Res Opin. 2015;31(9):1633-43.
52. Brixner D, Biltaji E, Bress A, Unni S, Ye X, Mamiya T, Ashcraft K, Biskupiak J. The effect of pharmacogenetic profiling with a clinical decision support tool on healthcare resource utilization and estimated costs in the elderly exposed to polypharmacy. J Med Econ. 2016;19(3):213-28.
53. Roberts JD, Wells GA, Le May MR, Labinaz M, Glover C, Froeschl M, Dick A, Marquis JF, O'Brien E, Goncalves S, et al. Point-of-care genetic testing for personalisation of antiplatelet treatment (RAPID GENE): a prospective, randomised, proof-of-concept trial. Lancet. 2012;379(9827):1705-11.
54. Romeo-Malanda S, Nicol D. Pharmacogenetic testing: legal considerations for consent, privacy and disclosure. Pers Med. 2008;5(2):155-61.
55. Hudson KL, Holohan MK, Collins FS. Keeping pace with the times--the genetic information nondiscrimination Act of 2008. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(25):2661-3.
56. Haga SB, O'Daniel JM, Tindall GM, Lipkus IR, Agans R. Survey of US public attitudes toward pharmacogenetic testing. Pharmacogenomics J. 2012;12(3):197-204.
57. Lanktree MB, Zai G, Vanderbeek LE, Giuffra DE, Smithson DS, Kipp LB, Dalseg TR, Speechley M, Kennedy JL. Positive perception of pharmacogenetic testing for psychotropic medications. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2014;29(3):287-91.
58. Mental health-related prescriptions, 2014-2015 [ https://mhsa.aihw.gov.au/resources/prescriptions/ ]