Emission rates and the personal cloud effect associated with particle release from the perihuman environment

Indoor Air

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 791-802

  Licina, D ^a   Tian, Y ^a   Nazaroff, W W ^a  

^a Berkeley   (United States)

Author keywords

activity type; cross contamination; human emissions; particle sources; particle size distribution; personal exposure

Indexed keywords

CONTAMINATION; EXPOSURE CONTROLS; PARTICLE SIZE;

ACTIVITY TYPE; AIRBORNE PARTICLE; CROSS CONTAMINATION; HUMAN EMISSION; PARTICLE RELEASE; PARTICLE SOURCE; PARTICLES-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; PARTICULATE MATTER; PERSONAL CLOUDS; PERSONAL EXPOSURES;

PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS;

ADULT; AEROSOL; AIR POLLUTANT; ANALYSIS; BREATHING; CLOTHING; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; EXPOSURE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; MALE; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PROCEDURES; SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE; WALKING;

ADULT; AEROSOLS; AIR POLLUTANTS; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; CLOTHING; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; HUMANS; INHALATION EXPOSURE; MALE; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; RESPIRATION; SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE; WALKING;

EID: 85010735688     PISSN: 09056947     EISSN: 16000668     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ina.12365     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Rodes CE, Kamens RM, Wiener RW. The significance and characteristics of the personal activity cloud on exposure assessment measurements for indoor contaminants. Indoor Air. 1991;1:123–145.
2. McBride SJ, Ferro AR, Ott WR, et al. Investigations of the proximity effect for pollutants in the indoor environment. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1999;9:602–621.
3. Wallace L. Correlations of personal exposure to particles with outdoor air measurements: a review of recent studies. Aerosol Sci Tech. 2000;32:15–25.
4. Özkaynak H, Xue J, Spengler J, et al. Personal exposure to airborne particles and metals: results from the Particle TEAM study in Riverside, California. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1996;6:57–78.
5. 10: relation between personal, classroom, and outdoor concentrations. Occup Environ Med. 1997;54:888–894.
6. Long CM, Suh HH, Koutrakis P. Characterization of indoor particle sources using continuous mass and size monitors. J Air Waste Manage Assoc. 2000;50:1236–1250.
7. Ferro AR, Kopperud RJ, Hildemann LM. Elevated personal exposure to particulate matter from human activities in a residence. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2004;14:S34–S40.
8. Noble WC. Dispersal of skin microorganisms. Br J Dermatol. 1975;93:477–485.
9. Clark RP. Skin scales among airborne particles. J Hyg. 1974;72:47–51.
10. Noble WC, Habbema JDF, van Furth R, et al. Quantitative studies on the dispersal of skin bacteria into the air. J Med Microbiol. 1976;9:53–61.
11. Qian J, Hospodsky D, Yamamoto N, et al. Size-resolved emission rates of airborne bacteria and fungi in an occupied classroom. Indoor Air. 2012;22:339–351.
12. Hospodsky D, Yamamoto N, Nazaroff WW, et al. Characterizing airborne fungal and bacterial concentrations and emission rates in six occupied children's classrooms. Indoor Air. 2015;25:641–652.
13. You R, Cui W, Chen C, et al. Measuring the short-term emission rates of particles in the “personal cloud” with different clothes and activity intensities in a sealed chamber. Aerosol Air Qual Res. 2013;13:911–921.
14. Bhangar S, Huffman JA, Nazaroff WW. Size-resolved fluorescent biological aerosol particle concentrations and occupant emissions in a university classroom. Indoor Air. 2014;24:604–617.
15. Bhangar S, Adams RI, Pasut W, et al. Chamber bioaerosol study: human emissions of size-resolved fluorescent biological aerosol particles. Indoor Air. 2016;26:193–206.
16. Meadow JF, Altrichter AE, Bateman AC, et al. Humans differ in their personal microbial cloud. PeerJ. 2015;3:e1258.
17. Qian J, Ferro AR. Resuspension of dust particles in a chamber and associated environmental factors. Aerosol Sci Tech. 2008;42:566–578.
18. Tian Y, Sul K, Qian J, et al. A comparative study of walking-induced dust resuspension using a consistent test mechanism. Indoor Air. 2014;24:592–603.
19. McDonagh A, Byrne MA. The influence of human physical activity and contaminated clothing type on particle resuspension. J Environ Radioact. 2014;127:119–126.
20. Ferro AR, Kopperud RJ, Hildemann LM. Source strengths for indoor human activities that resuspend particulate matter. Environ Sci Technol. 2004;38:1759–1764.
21. Thatcher TL, Lai ACK, Moreno-Jackson R, et al. Effects of room furnishings and air speed on particle deposition rates indoors. Atmos Environ. 2002;36:1811–1819.
22. Morawska L. Droplet fate in indoor environments, or can we prevent the spread of infection? Indoor Air. 2006;16:335–347.
23. Holmgren H, Ljungström E, Almstrand AC, et al. Size distribution of exhaled particles in the range from 0.01 to 2.0 μm. J Aerosol Sci. 2010;41:439–446.
24. 2 generation rate in Chinese people. Indoor Air. 2014;24:559–566.
25. Fox K, Castanha E, Fox A, et al. Human K10 epithelial keratin is the most abundant protein in airborne dust of both occupied and unoccupied school rooms. J Environ Monit. 2008;10:55–59.
26. Bhangar S, Brooks B, Firek B, et al. Pilot study of sources and concentrations of size-resolved airborne particles in a neonatal intensive care unit. Build Environ. 2016;106:10–19.
27. Licina D, Bhangar S, Brooks B, et al. Concentrations and sources of airborne particles in a neonatal intensive care unit. PLoS ONE. 2016;11:e0154991.
28. Spilak MP, Boor BE, Novoselac A, et al. Impact of bedding arrangements, pillows, and blankets on particle resuspension in the sleep microenvironment. Build Environ. 2014;81:60–68.
29. Rim D, Novoselac A. Transport of particulate and gaseous pollutants in the vicinity of a human body. Build Environ. 2009;44:1840–1849.
30. Licina D, Pantelic J, Melikov A, et al. Experimental investigation of the human convective boundary layer in a quiescent indoor environment. Build Environ. 2014;75:79–91.
31. Licina D, Melikov A, Pantelic J, et al. Human convection flow in spaces with and without ventilation: personal exposure to floor-released particles and cough-released droplets. Indoor Air. 2015;25:672–682.
32. Licina D, Melikov A, Sekhar C, et al. Transport of gaseous pollutants by convective boundary layer around a human body. Sci Technol Built Environ. 2015;21:1175–1186.
33. Klepeis NE, Gabel EB, Ott WR, et al. Outdoor air pollution in close proximity to a continuous point source. Atmos Environ. 2009;43:3155–3167.
34. 2.5 in close proximity to cigarette smoking. Indoor Air. 2014;24:199–212.
35. Bhangar S, Mullen NA, Hering SV, et al. Ultrafine particle concentrations and exposures in seven residences in northern California. Indoor Air. 2011;21:132–144.
36. Bekö G, Weschler CJ, Wierzbicka A, et al. Ultrafine particles: exposure and source apportionment in 56 Danish homes. Environ Sci Technol. 2013;47:10240–10248.
37. Wierzbicka A, Bohgard M, Pagels JH, et al. Quantification of differences between occupancy and total monitoring periods for better assessment of exposure to particles in indoor environments. Atmos Environ. 2015;106:419–428.
38. Grice EA, Segre JA. The skin microbiome. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011;9:244–253.
39. Findley K, Oh J, Yang J, et al. Topographic diversity of fungal and bacterial communities in human skin. Nature. 2013;498:367–370.
40. Loh W, Ng VV, Holton J. Bacterial flora on the white coats of medical students. J Hosp Infect. 2000;45:65–68.
41. Snyder GM, Thom KA, Furuno JP, et al. Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci on the gowns and gloves of healthcare works. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008;29:583–589.
42. Oliveira AC, Silva MDM, Garbaccio JL. Clothing of health care professional as potential reservoirs of micro-organisms: an integrative review. Texto Contexto — Enferm. 2012;21:684–691.
43. Homaira N, Sheils J, Stelzer-Braid S, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus is present in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Med Virol. 2016;88:196–201.
44. Doig CM. The effect of clothing on the dissemination of bacteria in operating theaters. Brit J Surg. 1972;59:878–881.
45. Hall GS, Mackintosh CA, Hoffman PN. The dispersal of bacteria and skin scales from the body after showering and after application of a skin lotion. J Hyg. 1986;97:289–298.
46. Kiriyama T, Sugiura H, Uehara M. Residual washing detergent in cotton clothes: a factor of winter deterioration of dry skin in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol. 2003;30:708–712.
47. Luongo G, Thorsén G, Östman C. Quinolines in clothing textiles – a source of human exposure and wastewater pollution? Anal Bioanal Chem. 2014;406:2747–2756.