-
1
-
-
85009612423
-
-
Symposium at annual meeting, 18 Feb., Denver, CO. Available at, accessed 7 June 2007
-
AAAS (AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE). 2003. Bigger, faster, stronger: Genetic enhancement and athletics. Symposium at annual meeting, 18 Feb., Denver, CO. Available at http://health.ucsd.edu/news/2003/02_18_Friedmann.html, accessed 7 June 2007.
-
(2003)
Bigger, faster, stronger: Genetic enhancement and athletics
-
-
-
2
-
-
85009616358
-
-
Issues paper 26, available at, accessed 7 June 2007
-
AUSTRALIA LAW REFORM COMMISSION. 2001. Protection of human genetic information-12. Other services and contexts. Issues paper 26, available at http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/other/alrc/publications/issues/26/, accessed 7 June 2007.
-
(2001)
Protection of human genetic information-12. Other services and contexts
-
-
-
3
-
-
33746180264
-
-
Sydney: Australian Law Reform Commission of the Australian National Government
-
AUSTRALIA LAW REFORM COMMISSION. 2003. ALRC 96: Essentially Yours. Sydney: Australian Law Reform Commission of the Australian National Government.
-
(2003)
ALRC 96: Essentially Yours
-
-
-
4
-
-
84888255814
-
Sport and the element of chance
-
BAILEY, C.I. 1980. Sport and the element of chance. Journal of Sport Behaviour 3 (2): 69-75.
-
(1980)
Journal of Sport Behaviour
, vol.3
, Issue.2
, pp. 69-75
-
-
Bailey, C.I.1
-
6
-
-
0032416479
-
Viral mediated expression of insulin-like growth factor I blocks the aging-related loss of skeletal muscle function
-
BARTON-DAVIS, E.R., D.I. SHOTURMA, A. MUSARO, N. ROSENTHAL and H.L. SWEENEY. 1998. Viral mediated expression of insulin-like growth factor I blocks the aging-related loss of skeletal muscle function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 95: 15603-7.
-
(1998)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA)
, vol.95
, pp. 15603-15607
-
-
Barton-Davis, E.R.1
Shoturma, D.I.2
Musaro, A.3
Rosenthal, N.4
Sweeney, H.L.5
-
7
-
-
24944532713
-
Disease, illness, sickness, health, healing and wholeness: Exploring some elusive concepts
-
BOYD, K.M. 2000. Disease, illness, sickness, health, healing and wholeness: Exploring some elusive concepts. Journal of Medical Ethics: Medical Humanities 26 (1): 9-17.
-
(2000)
Journal of Medical Ethics: Medical Humanities
, vol.26
, Issue.1
, pp. 9-17
-
-
Boyd, K.M.1
-
8
-
-
0004232461
-
Enhancements of human function: Some distinctions for policymakers
-
edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
-
BROCK, D.W. 1998. Enhancements of human function: Some distinctions for policymakers. In Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications, edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press: 48-69.
-
(1998)
Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications
, pp. 48-69
-
-
Brock, D.W.1
-
10
-
-
0035818285
-
Bradykinin B2bkr receptor polymorphism and left-ventricular growth response
-
6 Oct
-
BRULL, D., S. DHAMRAIT, S. MYERSON, J. ERDMANN, V. REGITZ-ZAGROSEK, M. WORLD, D. PENNELL, S.E. HUMPRHIES and H. MONTGOMERY. 2001. Bradykinin B2bkr receptor polymorphism and left-ventricular growth response. The Lancet 358 (6 Oct.): 1155-6.
-
(2001)
The Lancet
, vol.358
, pp. 1155-1156
-
-
Brull, D.1
Dhamrait, S.2
Myerson, S.3
Erdmann, J.4
Regitz-Zagrosek, V.5
World, M.6
Pennell, D.7
Humprhies, S.E.8
Montgomery, H.9
-
11
-
-
33747108194
-
Having children: Introduction
-
edited by R.F. Chadwick. London: Routledge
-
CHADWICK, R.F. 1987. Having children: Introduction. In Ethics, Reproduction and Genetic Control, edited by R.F. Chadwick. London: Routledge: 3-43.
-
(1987)
Ethics, Reproduction and Genetic Control
, pp. 3-43
-
-
Chadwick, R.F.1
-
12
-
-
4243543944
-
Do means matter?
-
edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
-
COLE-RURNER, R. 1998. Do means matter? In Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications, edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press: 151-61.
-
(1998)
Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications
, pp. 151-161
-
-
Cole-Rurner, R.1
-
14
-
-
0022763852
-
Banning drugs in sports: A skeptical view
-
FOST, N. 1986. Banning drugs in sports: A skeptical view. Hastings Center Report 16: 5-10.
-
(1986)
Hastings Center Report
, vol.16
, pp. 5-10
-
-
Fost, N.1
-
15
-
-
0031705720
-
Elite endurance athletes and the Ace I Allele-the role of genes in athletic performance
-
GAYAGAY, GEORGE., BING. YU, BRETT. HAMBLY, TANYA. BOSTON, ALAN. HAHN, DAVID S. CELERMAJER and R. J. TRENT. 1998. Elite endurance athletes and the Ace I Allele-the role of genes in athletic performance. Human Genetics 103 (1): 48-50.
-
(1998)
Human Genetics
, vol.103
, Issue.1
, pp. 48-50
-
-
Gayagay, G.1
Bing, Y.2
Brett, H.3
Tanya, B.4
Alan, H.5
Celermajer, D.S.6
Trent, R.J.7
-
20
-
-
85050709714
-
Civil rights, doping control and the world anti-doping code
-
HOULIHAN, B. 2004. Civil rights, doping control and the world anti-doping code. Sport in Society 7 (3): 420-37.
-
(2004)
Sport in Society
, vol.7
, Issue.3
, pp. 420-437
-
-
Houlihan, B.1
-
21
-
-
85009620437
-
-
Press release, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, available at, accessed 7 June 2007
-
INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE. 2001. IOC Gene Therapy Working Group-Conclusion. Press release, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, available at http://www.olympic.org/uk/news/publications/press_uk.asp?release1/4179, accessed 7 June 2007.
-
(2001)
IOC Gene Therapy Working Group-Conclusion
-
-
-
22
-
-
0002495605
-
What does enhancement mean?
-
edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
-
JUENGST, E.T. 1998. What does enhancement mean? In Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications, edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press: 29-47.
-
(1998)
Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications
, pp. 29-47
-
-
Juengst, E.T.1
-
23
-
-
33746179501
-
-
American Association for the Advancement of Science press release, available at, accessed 7 June 2007
-
KANE, D. 2004. Athletics, genetic enhancement and ethics. American Association for the Advancement of Science press release, available at http://www.aaas.org/news/releases/2004/0224athalete.shtml, accessed 7 June 2007.
-
(2004)
Athletics, genetic enhancement and ethics
-
-
Kane, D.1
-
24
-
-
0031889376
-
Gene therapy in sports medicine
-
LAMSAM, C., F.H. FU, P.D. ROBBINS and C.H. EVANS. 1997. Gene therapy in sports medicine. Sports Medicine 25 (2): 73-7.
-
(1997)
Sports Medicine
, vol.25
, Issue.2
, pp. 73-77
-
-
Lamsam, C.1
Fu, F.H.2
Robbins, P.D.3
Evans, C.H.4
-
25
-
-
0028024228
-
Distinguishing genetics and eugenics on the basis of fairness
-
LEDLEY, F.D. 1994. Distinguishing genetics and eugenics on the basis of fairness. Journal of Medical Ethics 20: 157-64.
-
(1994)
Journal of Medical Ethics
, vol.20
, pp. 157-164
-
-
Ledley, F.D.1
-
26
-
-
1342325478
-
Viral expression of insulin-like growth factor-I enhances muscle hypertrophy in resistance-trained rats
-
LEE, S., E.R. BARTON, H.L. SWEENEY and R.P. FARRAR. 2004. Viral expression of insulin-like growth factor-I enhances muscle hypertrophy in resistance-trained rats. Journal of Applied Physiology 96: 1097-1104.
-
(2004)
Journal of Applied Physiology
, vol.96
, pp. 1097-1104
-
-
Lee, S.1
Barton, E.R.2
Sweeney, H.L.3
Farrar, R.P.4
-
27
-
-
33748681355
-
Editorial: Should ‘artificial’ high altitude environments be considered doping?
-
LEVINE, B.D. 2006. Editorial: should ‘artificial’ high altitude environments be considered doping? Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports 16: 297-301.
-
(2006)
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports
, vol.16
, pp. 297-301
-
-
Levine, B.D.1
-
28
-
-
0037102256
-
Transcriptional co-activator Pgc-1 drives the formation of slow-twitch muscle fibres
-
LIN, J., H. WU, P.T. TARR, C. ZHANG, Z. WU, O. BOSS, L.F. MICHAEL, P. PUIGSERVER, E. ISOTANI, E.N. OLSON, B.B. LOWELL, R. BASSEL-DUBY and B.M. SPIEGELMANN. 2002. Transcriptional co-activator Pgc-1 drives the formation of slow-twitch muscle fibres. Nature 418: 797-801.
-
(2002)
Nature
, vol.418
, pp. 797-801
-
-
Lin, J.1
Wu, H.2
Tarr, P.T.3
Zhang, C.4
Wu, Z.5
Boss, O.6
Michael, L.F.7
Puigserver, P.8
Isotani, E.9
Olson, E.N.10
Lowell, B.B.11
Bassel-Duby, R.12
Spiegelmann, B.M.13
-
29
-
-
27444441084
-
Cosmetic surgery, suspect norms, and the ethics of complicity
-
edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
-
LITTLE, M.O. 1998. Cosmetic surgery, suspect norms, and the ethics of complicity. In Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications, edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press: 162-76.
-
(1998)
Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications
, pp. 162-176
-
-
Little, M.O.1
-
32
-
-
0034763437
-
Ethics, molecular biology, and sports medicine
-
MCCRORY, P. 2001. Ethics, molecular biology, and sports medicine. British Journal of Sports Medicine 35 (3): 142-3.
-
(2001)
British Journal of Sports Medicine
, vol.35
, Issue.3
, pp. 142-143
-
-
McCrory, P.1
-
33
-
-
41449091633
-
Enhancements and the ethical significance of vulnerability
-
edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
-
MCKENNY, G.P. 1998. Enhancements and the ethical significance of vulnerability. In Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications, edited by E. Parens. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press: 222-37.
-
(1998)
Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications
, pp. 222-237
-
-
McKenny, G.P.1
-
34
-
-
34447639056
-
Performance technologies: Drugs and Fastskin at the Sydney 2000 Olympics
-
Nov
-
MAGDALINSKI, T. 2000. Performance technologies: Drugs and Fastskin at the Sydney 2000 Olympics. Media International Australia 97 (Nov.): 59-69.
-
(2000)
Media International Australia
, vol.97
, pp. 59-69
-
-
Magdalinski, T.1
-
35
-
-
0033973873
-
Gene therapy and tissue engineering in sports medicine
-
available at, accessed 7 June 2007
-
MARTINEK, V., F.H. FU and J. HUARD. 2000. Gene therapy and tissue engineering in sports medicine. The Physician and Sports Medicine 28 (2), available at http://www.physsportsmed.com/issues/2000/02_00/huard.htm, accessed 7 June 2007.
-
(2000)
The Physician and Sports Medicine
, vol.28
, Issue.2
-
-
Martinek, V.1
Fu, F.H.2
Huard, J.3
-
37
-
-
16744368147
-
Human gene for physical performance
-
MONTGOMERY, H., R. MARSHALL, H. HEMINGWAY, S. MYERSON, P. CLARKSON, C. DOLLERY, M. HAYWARD, D.E. HOLLIMAN, M. JUBB, M. WORLD, E.L. THOMAS, A.E. BRYNES, N. SAEED, M. BARNARD, J.D. BELL, K. PRASAD, M. RAYSON, P.J. TALMUD and S.E. HUMPHRIES. 1998. Human gene for physical performance. Nature 393 (21): 221-2.
-
(1998)
Nature
, vol.393
, Issue.21
, pp. 221-222
-
-
Montgomery, H.1
Marshall, R.2
Hemingway, H.3
Myerson, S.4
Clarkson, P.5
Dollery, C.6
Hayward, M.7
Holliman, D.E.8
Jubb, M.9
World, M.10
Thomas, E.L.11
Brynes, A.E.12
Saeed, N.13
Barnard, M.14
Bell, J.D.15
Prasad, K.16
Rayson, M.17
Talmud, P.J.18
Humphries, S.E.19
-
38
-
-
0032994455
-
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene insertion/ deletion polymorphism and response to physical training
-
MONTGOMERY, H., P. CLARKSON, M. BARNARD, J. BELL, A. BRYNES, C. DOLLERY, J. HAJNAL, H. HEMINGWAY, D. MERCER, P. JARMAN, R. MARSHALL, K. PRASAD, M. RAYSON, N. SAEED, P. TALMUD, L. THOMAS, M. JUBB, M. WORLD and S. HUMPHRIES. 1999. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene insertion/ deletion polymorphism and response to physical training. The Lancet 353 (13): 541-5.
-
(1999)
The Lancet
, vol.353
, Issue.13
, pp. 541-545
-
-
Montgomery, H.1
Clarkson, P.2
Barnard, M.3
Bell, J.4
Brynes, A.5
Dollery, C.6
Hajnal, J.7
Hemingway, H.8
Mercer, D.9
Jarman, P.10
Marshall, R.11
Prasad, K.12
Rayson, M.13
Saeed, N.14
Talmud, P.15
Thomas, L.16
Jubb, M.17
World, M.18
Humphries, S.19
-
40
-
-
0020808540
-
The coercive power of drugs in sports
-
August
-
MURRAY, T.H. 1983. The coercive power of drugs in sports. Hastings Center Report (August): 24-30.
-
(1983)
Hastings Center Report
, pp. 24-30
-
-
Murray, T.H.1
-
41
-
-
0004902673
-
Drugs, sports, and ethics
-
edited by T.H. Murray, W. Gaylin and R. Macklin. Clifton, NJ: Humana Press
-
MURRAY, T.H. 1984. Drugs, sports, and ethics. In Feeling Good and Doing Better, edited by T.H. Murray, W. Gaylin and R. Macklin. Clifton, NJ: Humana Press: 107-26.
-
(1984)
Feeling Good and Doing Better
, pp. 107-126
-
-
Murray, T.H.1
-
42
-
-
0029315607
-
The goodness of fragility: On the prospect of genetic technologies aimed at the enhancement of human capacities
-
PARENS, E. 1995. The goodness of fragility: On the prospect of genetic technologies aimed at the enhancement of human capacities. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 5 (2): 141-53.
-
(1995)
Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal
, vol.5
, Issue.2
, pp. 141-153
-
-
Parens, E.1
-
44
-
-
33750682655
-
The human gene map for performance and health-related fitness phenotypes: The 2005 update
-
RANKINEN, T., M.S. BRAY, J.M. HAGBERG, L. PÉRUSSE, S.M. ROTH, B. WOLFARTH and C. BOUCHARD. 2006. The human gene map for performance and health-related fitness phenotypes: The 2005 update. Medicine and Science in Sport & Exercise 38 (11): 1863-88.
-
(2006)
Medicine and Science in Sport & Exercise
, vol.38
, Issue.11
, pp. 1863-1888
-
-
Rankinen, T.1
Bray, M.S.2
Hagberg, J.M.3
Perusse, L.4
Roth, S.M.5
Wolfarth, B.6
Bouchard, C.7
-
45
-
-
0029385043
-
A theory of health and disease: The objectivist-subjectivist dichotomy
-
SADE, R.M. 1995. A theory of health and disease: The objectivist-subjectivist dichotomy. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 20 (5): 513-25.
-
(1995)
Journal of Medicine and Philosophy
, vol.20
, Issue.5
, pp. 513-525
-
-
Sade, R.M.1
-
48
-
-
0030669598
-
Long-term erythropoietin expression in rodents and non-human primates following intramuscular injection of a replication-defective adenoviral vector
-
SVENSSON, E.C., H.B. BLACK, D.L. DUGGER, S.K. TRIPATHY, E. GOLDWASSER, Z. HAO, L. CHU and J.M. LEIDEN. 1997. Long-term erythropoietin expression in rodents and non-human primates following intramuscular injection of a replication-defective adenoviral vector. Human Gene Therapy 8 (15): 1797-1806.
-
(1997)
Human Gene Therapy
, vol.8
, Issue.15
, pp. 1797-1806
-
-
Svensson, E.C.1
Black, H.B.2
Dugger, D.L.3
Tripathy, S.K.4
Goldwasser, E.5
Hao, Z.6
Chu, L.7
Leiden, J.M.8
-
50
-
-
2342457638
-
Has the President’s Council on Bioethics missed the boat?
-
TURNER, L. 2003. Has the President’s Council on Bioethics missed the boat? British Medical Journal 327: 629.
-
(2003)
British Medical Journal
, vol.327
, pp. 629
-
-
Turner, L.1
-
51
-
-
33746192793
-
-
Washington, DC: The President’s Council on Bioethics (available at, accessed 7 June 2007)
-
US PRESIDENT’S COUNCIL ON BIOETHICS. 2002a. Session 4: Enhancement 2: Potential for Genetic Enhancements in Sports. Washington, DC: The President’s Council on Bioethics (available at http://www.bioethics.gov/transcripts/jul02/session4.html, accessed 7 June 2007)
-
(2002)
Session 4: Enhancement 2: Potential for Genetic Enhancements in Sports
-
-
-
52
-
-
33746179290
-
-
Washington, DC: The President’s Council on Bioethics (available at, accessed 7 June 2007
-
US PRESIDENT’S COUNCIL ON BIOETHICS. 2002b. Sixth Meeting: Session 7: Enhancement 5: Genetic Enhancement of Muscle. Washington, DC: The President’s Council on Bioethics (available at http://www.bioethics.gov/transcripts/sep02/session7.html, accessed 7 June 2007)
-
(2002)
Sixth Meeting: Session 7: Enhancement 5: Genetic Enhancement of Muscle
-
-
-
53
-
-
85009598394
-
-
Press release, World Anti-Doping Agency, New York, available at, accessed 7 June 2007
-
WORLD ANTI-DOPING AGENCY. 2002. WADA conference sheds light on the potential of gene doping. Press release, World Anti-Doping Agency, New York, available at http://www.wada-ama.org, accessed 7 June 2007.
-
(2002)
WADA conference sheds light on the potential of gene doping
-
-
-
54
-
-
33746192867
-
-
Available at, accessed 7 June 2007
-
WORLD ANTI-DOPING AGENCY. 2003. International standard for the prohibited list 2004. Available at http://www.wada-ama.org/docs/web/standards_harmonization/code/list_standard_2004.pdf, accessed 7 June 2007.
-
(2003)
International standard for the prohibited list 2004
-
-
-
55
-
-
33746179447
-
-
Montreal: World Anti-Doping Agency
-
WORLD ANTI-DOPING AGENCY. 2005. The Stockholm Declaration. Montreal: World Anti-Doping Agency.
-
(2005)
The Stockholm Declaration
-
-
|