Association between early participation in physical activity following acute concussion and persistent postconcussive symptoms in children and adolescents

JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association

Volumn 316, Issue 23, 2016, Pages 2504-2514

  Grool, Anne M ^a   Aglipay, Mary ^a   Momoli, Franco ^a   Meehan, William P ^b   Freedman, Stephen B ^c   Yeates, Keith Owen ^d   Gravel, Jocelyn ^e   Gagnon, Isabelle ^f   Boutis, Kathy ^g   Meeuwisse, Willem ^h   Barrowman, Nick ^a   Ledoux, Andrée Anne ^a   Osmond, Martin H ^a   Zemek, Roger ^a  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF EASTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^b BOSTON CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF MONTREAL   (Canada)

^f MONTREAL CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^g HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

^h UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AEROBIC EXERCISE; CHILD; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMPETITION; CONCUSSION; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; EARLY INTERVENTION; EXERCISE; FEMALE; FULL CONTACT PRACTICE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; NONCONTACT DRILL; PATIENT PARTICIPATION; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; POSTCONCUSSION SYNDROME; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK REDUCTION; SCHOOL CHILD; SPORT SPECIFIC EXERCISE; BRAIN CONCUSSION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPLICATION; POST-CONCUSSION SYNDROME; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RISK; TIME FACTOR;

ADOLESCENT; BRAIN CONCUSSION; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; POST-CONCUSSION SYNDROME; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 85008187600     PISSN: 00987484     EISSN: 15383598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2016.17396     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (42)

1. McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH, AubryM, et al. Consensus statement on concussion in sport. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(5):250-258.
2. Zemek R, Duval S, Dematteo C. Guidelines for Diagnosing and Managing Pediatric Concussion. Toronto, Canada: Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation; 2014.
3. DiFazio M, Silverberg ND, KirkwoodMW, Bernier R, Iverson GL. Prolonged activity restriction after concussion. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2016;55(5):443-451.
4. Cancelliere C, Hincapié CA, KeightleyM, et al. Systematic review of prognosis and return to play after sport concussion. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95(3)(suppl):S210-S229.
5. Schneider KJ, Iverson GL, Emery CA, McCrory P, Herring SA, Meeuwisse WH. The effects of rest and treatment following sport-related concussion. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(5):304-307.
6. Majerske CW, Mihalik JP, Ren D, et al. Concussion in sports. J Athl Train. 2008;43(3):265-274.
7. Thomas DG, Apps JN, Hoffmann RG, McCrea M, Hammeke T. Benefits of strict rest after acute concussion. Pediatrics. 2015;135(2):213-223.
8. Willer B, Leddy JJ. Management of concussion and post-concussion syndrome. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2006;8(5):415-426.
9. Gagnon I, Grilli L, Friedman D, Iverson GL. A pilot study of active rehabilitation for adolescents who are slow to recover from sport-related concussion. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016;26(3):299-306.
10. Leddy JJ, Kozlowski K, Donnelly JP, Pendergast DR, Epstein LH, Willer B. A preliminary study of subsymptom threshold exercise training for refractory post-concussion syndrome. Clin J Sport Med. 2010;20(1):21-27.
11. Silverberg ND, Iverson GL. Is rest after concussion "the best medicine?". J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2013;28(4):250-259.
12. Zemek R, Osmond MH, Barrowman N, et al. Predicting and preventing postconcussive problems in paediatrics (5P) study. BMJ Open. 2013; 3(8):e003550.
13. Zemek R, Barrowman N, Freedman SB, et al; Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) Concussion Team. Clinical risk score for persistent postconcussion symptoms among children with acute concussion in the ED. JAMA. 2016;315(10): 1014-1025.
14. Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic data capture (REDCap)-a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009;42(2):377-381.
15. Gioia GA, Collins M, Isquith PK. Improving identification and diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury with evidence. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2008; 23(4):230-242.
16. Sady MD, Vaughan CG, Gioia GA. Psychometric characteristics of the postconcussion symptom inventory in children and adolescents. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2014;29(4):348-363.
17. McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH, AubryM, et al. Child SCAT3. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(5):263-266.
18. Steindel SJ. International classification of diseases, 10th edition, clinical modification and procedure coding system: descriptive overview of the next generation HIPAA code sets. J AmMed Inform Assoc. 2010;17(3):274-282.
19. Newcombe RG. Two-sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: comparison of seven methods. Stat Med. 1998;17(8):857-872.
20. Haukoos JS, Lewis RJ. The propensity score. JAMA. 2015;314(15):1637-1638.
21. Austin PC. An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies. Multivariate Behav Res. 2011; 46(3):399-424.
22. Kurth T,Walker AM, Glynn RJ, et al. Results of multivariable logistic regression, propensity matching, propensity adjustment, and propensity-based weighting under conditions of nonuniform effect. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;163(3): 262-270.
23. BrookhartMA, Schneeweiss S, Rothman KJ, Glynn RJ, Avorn J, Stürmer T. Variable selection for propensity score models. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;163 (12):1149-1156.
24. Rosenbaum P, Rubin D. The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika. 1983;70(1):41-55. doi:10.1093/biomet/70.1.41
25. Williamson EJ, Forbes A. Introduction to propensity scores. Respirology. 2014;19(5):625-635.
26. YoudenWJ. Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer. 1950;3(1):32-35.
27. Rosenbaum P, Rubin D. Constructing a control group using multivariate matched sampling methods that incorporate the propensity score. Am Stat. 1985;39:33-38. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511810725.019
28. Scott D. Multivariate Density Estimation: Theory, Practice and Visualization. Wiley Series in Probability and Mathematical Statistics. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1992.
29. Khan NA, Hillman CH. The relation of childhood physical activity and aerobic fitness to brain function and cognition. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2014;26 (2):138-146.
30. Hillman CH, Erickson KI, Kramer AF. Be smart, exercise your heart. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008;9(1): 58-65.
31. Veerbeek JM, vanWegen E, van Peppen R, et al. What is the evidence for physical therapy poststroke? PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e87987.
32. Longmuir PE, Colley RC, Wherley VA, Tremblay MS. Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology position stand: benefit and risk for promoting childhood physical activity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014;39(11):1271-1279.
33. Rush E, Simmons D. Physical activity in children. Med Sport Sci. 2014;60:113-121.
34. McKay HA, Petit MA, Schutz RW, Prior JC, Barr SI, Khan KM. Augmented trochanteric bone mineral density after modified physical education classes. J Pediatr. 2000;136(2):156-162.
35. Annesi JJ. Correlations of depression and total mood disturbance with physical activity and self-concept in preadolescents enrolled in an after-school exercise program. Psychol Rep. 2005; 96(3 Pt 2):891-898.
36. Howie EK, Pate RR. Physical activity and academic achievement in children. J Sport Health Sci. 2012;1(3):160-169. doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2012.09.003
37. Chaddock-Heyman L, Hillman CH, Cohen NJ, Kramer AF III. The importance of physical activity and aerobic fitness for cognitive control and memory in children. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev. 2014;79(4):25-50.
38. Moor HM, Eisenhauer RC, Killian KD, et al. The relationship between adherence behaviors and recovery time in adolescents after a sports-related concussion. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2015;10(2): 225-233.
39. Perrey S. Promoting motor function by exercising the brain. Brain Sci. 2013;3(1):101-122.
40. Farquhar WB, Greaney JL. Autonomic exercise physiology in health and disease. Auton Neurosci. 2015;188:1-2.
41. Leddy JJ, Kozlowski K, Fung M, Pendergast DR, Willer B. Regulatory and autoregulatory physiological dysfunction as a primary characteristic of post concussion syndrome. NeuroRehabilitation. 2007;22(3):199-205.
42. Adamo KB, Prince SA, Tricco AC, Connor-Gorber S, TremblayM. A comparison of indirect versus direct measures for assessing physical activity in the pediatric population. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2009;4(1):2-27.