메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue , 2017, Pages 271-279

Liquid cell transmission electron microscopy observation of lithium metal growth and dissolution: Root growth, dead lithium and lithium flotsams

Author keywords

Electrodeposition; In situ TEM; Liquid cell; Lithium dendrite; Mossy lithium

Indexed keywords

ELECTRODEPOSITION; ELECTRODES; ELECTROLYTES; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; HIGH RESOLUTION TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; LIQUIDS; SEEBECK EFFECT; SHRINKAGE; SOLID ELECTROLYTES; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; VOLCANOES;

EID: 85007524332     PISSN: 22112855     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.12.001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (419)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 0030285345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The application of atomic force microscopy for the study of Li deposition processes
    • [1] Aurbach, D., Cohen, Y., The application of atomic force microscopy for the study of Li deposition processes. J. Electrochem. Soc. 143 (1996), 3525–3532.
    • (1996) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.143 , pp. 3525-3532
    • Aurbach, D.1    Cohen, Y.2
  • 2
    • 0036603992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A short review of failure mechanisms of lithium metal and lithiated graphite anodes in liquid electrolyte solutions
    • [2] Aurbach, D., Zinigrad, E., Cohen, Y., Teller, H., A short review of failure mechanisms of lithium metal and lithiated graphite anodes in liquid electrolyte solutions. Solid State Ion. 148 (2002), 405–416.
    • (2002) Solid State Ion. , vol.148 , pp. 405-416
    • Aurbach, D.1    Zinigrad, E.2    Cohen, Y.3    Teller, H.4
  • 3
    • 84861183867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History, evolution, and future status of energy storage
    • [3] Whittingham, M.S., History, evolution, and future status of energy storage. Proc. IEEE 100 (2012), 1518–1534.
    • (2012) Proc. IEEE , vol.100 , pp. 1518-1534
    • Whittingham, M.S.1
  • 5
    • 0001658455 scopus 로고
    • Electrical Energy Storage and Intercalation Chemistry
    • [5] Whittingham, M.S., Electrical Energy Storage and Intercalation Chemistry. Science 192 (1976), 1126–1127.
    • (1976) Science , vol.192 , pp. 1126-1127
    • Whittingham, M.S.1
  • 6
    • 84892652912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of lithium deposition in lithium-ion and lithium metal secondary batteries
    • [6] Li, Z., Huang, J., Yann Liaw, B., Metzler, V., Zhang, J., A review of lithium deposition in lithium-ion and lithium metal secondary batteries. J. Power Sources 254 (2014), 168–182.
    • (2014) J. Power Sources , vol.254 , pp. 168-182
    • Li, Z.1    Huang, J.2    Yann Liaw, B.3    Metzler, V.4    Zhang, J.5
  • 7
    • 84990876575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transition of lithium growth mechanisms in liquid electrolytes
    • [7] Bai, P., Li, J., Brushett, F.R., Bazant, M.Z., Transition of lithium growth mechanisms in liquid electrolytes. Energy Environ. Sci. 9 (2016), 3221–3229.
    • (2016) Energy Environ. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 3221-3229
    • Bai, P.1    Li, J.2    Brushett, F.R.3    Bazant, M.Z.4
  • 8
    • 76249131385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenges for rechargeable Li batteries
    • [8] Goodenough, J.B., Kim, Y., Challenges for rechargeable Li batteries. Chem. Mater. 22 (2010), 587–603.
    • (2010) Chem. Mater. , vol.22 , pp. 587-603
    • Goodenough, J.B.1    Kim, Y.2
  • 9
    • 3042780111 scopus 로고
    • Microscopic studies of transition metal chalcogenides
    • [9] Chianelli, R.R., Microscopic studies of transition metal chalcogenides. J. Cryst. Growth 34 (1976), 239–244.
    • (1976) J. Cryst. Growth , vol.34 , pp. 239-244
    • Chianelli, R.R.1
  • 11
    • 33749508278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium metal stripping/plating mechanisms studies: a metallurgical approach
    • [11] Gireaud, L., Grugeon, S., Laruelle, S., Yrieix, B., Tarascon, J.-M., Lithium metal stripping/plating mechanisms studies: a metallurgical approach. Electrochem. Commun. 8 (2006), 1639–1649.
    • (2006) Electrochem. Commun. , vol.8 , pp. 1639-1649
    • Gireaud, L.1    Grugeon, S.2    Laruelle, S.3    Yrieix, B.4    Tarascon, J.-M.5
  • 13
    • 84898074315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of dendritic growth investigated by in situ light microscopy during electrodeposition and dissolution of lithium
    • [13] Steiger, J., Kramer, D., Mönig, R., Mechanisms of dendritic growth investigated by in situ light microscopy during electrodeposition and dissolution of lithium. J. Power Sources 261 (2014), 112–119.
    • (2014) J. Power Sources , vol.261 , pp. 112-119
    • Steiger, J.1    Kramer, D.2    Mönig, R.3
  • 14
    • 84902660610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microscopic observations of the formation, growth and shrinkage of lithium moss during electrodeposition and dissolution
    • [14] Steiger, J., Kramer, D., Mönig, R., Microscopic observations of the formation, growth and shrinkage of lithium moss during electrodeposition and dissolution. Electrochimica Acta 136 (2014), 529–536.
    • (2014) Electrochimica Acta , vol.136 , pp. 529-536
    • Steiger, J.1    Kramer, D.2    Mönig, R.3
  • 15
    • 52649141034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of electrolyte composition on lithium dendrite growth
    • [15] Crowther, O., West, A.C., Effect of electrolyte composition on lithium dendrite growth. J. Electrochem. Soc. 155 (2008), A806–A811.
    • (2008) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.155 , pp. A806-A811
    • Crowther, O.1    West, A.C.2
  • 16
    • 0142116433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendrite growth in lithium/polymer systems A propagation model for liquid electrolytes under Galvanostatic conditions
    • [16] Monroe, C., Newman, J., Dendrite growth in lithium/polymer systems A propagation model for liquid electrolytes under Galvanostatic conditions. J. Electrochem. Soc. 150 (2003), A1377–A1384.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.150 , pp. A1377-A1384
    • Monroe, C.1    Newman, J.2
  • 18
    • 0000598420 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of the dendritic electrocrystallization of zinc
    • [18] Diggle, J.W., Despic, A.R., Bockris, J.O., The mechanism of the dendritic electrocrystallization of zinc. J. Electrochem. Soc. 116 (1969), 1503–1514.
    • (1969) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.116 , pp. 1503-1514
    • Diggle, J.W.1    Despic, A.R.2    Bockris, J.O.3
  • 19
    • 0032140097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A consideration of the morphology of electrochemically deposited lithium in an organic electrolyte
    • [19] Yamaki, J., Tobishima, S., Hayashi, K., Saito, K., Nemoto, Y., Arakawa, M., A consideration of the morphology of electrochemically deposited lithium in an organic electrolyte. J. Power Sources 74 (1998), 219–227.
    • (1998) J. Power Sources , vol.74 , pp. 219-227
    • Yamaki, J.1    Tobishima, S.2    Hayashi, K.3    Saito, K.4    Nemoto, Y.5    Arakawa, M.6
  • 20
    • 0346334088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of vinylene carbonate as additive to electrolyte for lithium metal anode
    • [20] Ota, H., Shima, K., Ue, M., Yamaki, J., Effect of vinylene carbonate as additive to electrolyte for lithium metal anode. Electrochimica Acta 49 (2004), 565–572.
    • (2004) Electrochimica Acta , vol.49 , pp. 565-572
    • Ota, H.1    Shima, K.2    Ue, M.3    Yamaki, J.4
  • 22
    • 0036962155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of some organic additives on lithium deposition in propylene carbonate
    • [22] Mogi, R., Inaba, M., Jeong, S.-K., Iriyama, Y., Abe, T., Ogumi, Z., Effects of some organic additives on lithium deposition in propylene carbonate. J. Electrochem. Soc. 149 (2002), A1578–A1583.
    • (2002) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.149 , pp. A1578-A1583
    • Mogi, R.1    Inaba, M.2    Jeong, S.-K.3    Iriyama, Y.4    Abe, T.5    Ogumi, Z.6
  • 23
    • 84856729748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reviving rechargeable lithium metal batteries: enabling next-generation high-energy and high-power cells
    • [23] Zhamu, A., Chen, G., Liu, C., Neff, D., Fang, Q., Yu, Z., Xiong, W., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Jang, B.Z., Reviving rechargeable lithium metal batteries: enabling next-generation high-energy and high-power cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 5 (2012), 5701–5707.
    • (2012) Energy Environ. Sci. , vol.5 , pp. 5701-5707
    • Zhamu, A.1    Chen, G.2    Liu, C.3    Neff, D.4    Fang, Q.5    Yu, Z.6    Xiong, W.7    Wang, Y.8    Wang, X.9    Jang, B.Z.10
  • 26
    • 0030676302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ observation of lithium deposition processes in solid polymer and gel electrolytes
    • [26] Osaka, T., Homma, T., Momma, T., Yarimizu, H., In situ observation of lithium deposition processes in solid polymer and gel electrolytes. J. Electroanal. Chem. 421 (1997), 153–156.
    • (1997) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.421 , pp. 153-156
    • Osaka, T.1    Homma, T.2    Momma, T.3    Yarimizu, H.4
  • 30
    • 0021765862 scopus 로고
    • Fractal growth of copper electrodeposits
    • [30] Brady, R.M., Ball, R.C., Fractal growth of copper electrodeposits. Nature 309 (1984), 225–229.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.309 , pp. 225-229
    • Brady, R.M.1    Ball, R.C.2
  • 31
    • 4243734213 scopus 로고
    • Morphology and microstructure in electrochemical deposition of zinc
    • [31] Grier, D., Ben-Jacob, E., Clarke, R., Sander, L.M., Morphology and microstructure in electrochemical deposition of zinc. Phys. Rev. Lett. 56 (1986), 1264–1267.
    • (1986) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.56 , pp. 1264-1267
    • Grier, D.1    Ben-Jacob, E.2    Clarke, R.3    Sander, L.M.4
  • 33
    • 0000084434 scopus 로고
    • Experimental aspects of dense morphology in copper electrodeposition
    • [33] Fleury, V., Rosso, M., Chazalviel, J.-N., Sapoval, B., Experimental aspects of dense morphology in copper electrodeposition. Phys. Rev. A 44 (1991), 6693–6705.
    • (1991) Phys. Rev. A , vol.44 , pp. 6693-6705
    • Fleury, V.1    Rosso, M.2    Chazalviel, J.-N.3    Sapoval, B.4
  • 34
    • 0001572554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamical characterization of one-dimensional stationary growth regimes in diffusion-limited electrodeposition processes
    • [34] Léger, C., Elezgaray, J., Argoul, F., Dynamical characterization of one-dimensional stationary growth regimes in diffusion-limited electrodeposition processes. Phys. Rev. E 58 (1998), 7700–7709.
    • (1998) Phys. Rev. E , vol.58 , pp. 7700-7709
    • Léger, C.1    Elezgaray, J.2    Argoul, F.3
  • 35
    • 0033185271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendritic growth mechanisms in lithium/polymer cells
    • [35] Brissot, C., Rosso, M., Chazalviel, J.-N., Lascaud, S., Dendritic growth mechanisms in lithium/polymer cells. J. Power Sources 81–82 (1999), 925–929.
    • (1999) J. Power Sources , vol.81-82 , pp. 925-929
    • Brissot, C.1    Rosso, M.2    Chazalviel, J.-N.3    Lascaud, S.4
  • 37
    • 84875518576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental and theoretical investigation of
    • [37] Tang, M., Lu, S., Newman, J., Experimental and theoretical investigation of. J. Electrochem. Soc. 159 (2012), A1775–A1785.
    • (2012) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.159 , pp. A1775-A1785
    • Tang, M.1    Lu, S.2    Newman, J.3
  • 38
    • 0036898777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Live scanning electron microscope observations of dendritic growth in lithium/polymer cells
    • [38] Dollé, M., Sannier, L., Beaudoin, B., Trentin, M., Tarascon, J.-M., Live scanning electron microscope observations of dendritic growth in lithium/polymer cells. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 5 (2002), A286–A289.
    • (2002) Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. , vol.5 , pp. A286-A289
    • Dollé, M.1    Sannier, L.2    Beaudoin, B.3    Trentin, M.4    Tarascon, J.-M.5
  • 40
    • 84867327667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ TEM experiments of electrochemical lithiation and delithiation of individual nanostructures
    • [40] Liu, X.H., Liu, Y., Kushima, A., Zhang, S., Zhu, T., Li, J., Huang, J.Y., In situ TEM experiments of electrochemical lithiation and delithiation of individual nanostructures. Adv. Energy Mater. 2 (2012), 722–741.
    • (2012) Adv. Energy Mater. , vol.2 , pp. 722-741
    • Liu, X.H.1    Liu, Y.2    Kushima, A.3    Zhang, S.4    Zhu, T.5    Li, J.6    Huang, J.Y.7
  • 41
    • 80755135549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron microscopy of specimens in liquid
    • [41] de Jonge, N., Ross, F.M., Electron microscopy of specimens in liquid. Nat. Nanotechnol. 6 (2011), 695–704.
    • (2011) Nat. Nanotechnol. , vol.6 , pp. 695-704
    • de Jonge, N.1    Ross, F.M.2
  • 42
    • 84861449679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time imaging of Pt3Fe nanorod growth in solution
    • [42] Liao, H.-G., Cui, L., Whitelam, S., Zheng, H., Real-time imaging of Pt3Fe nanorod growth in solution. Science 336 (2012), 1011–1014.
    • (2012) Science , vol.336 , pp. 1011-1014
    • Liao, H.-G.1    Cui, L.2    Whitelam, S.3    Zheng, H.4
  • 43
    • 84889576742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and morphological evolution of lead dendrites during electrochemical migration
    • [43] Sun, M., Liao, H.-G., Niu, K., Zheng, H., Structural and morphological evolution of lead dendrites during electrochemical migration. Sci. Rep., 3, 2013, 3227.
    • (2013) Sci. Rep. , vol.3 , pp. 3227
    • Sun, M.1    Liao, H.-G.2    Niu, K.3    Zheng, H.4
  • 44
    • 84893458737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct visualization of initial SEI morphology and growth kinetics during lithium deposition by in situ electrochemical transmission electron microscopy
    • [44] Sacci, R.L., Dudney, N.J., More, K.L., Parent, L.R., Arslan, I., Browning, N.D., Unocic, R.R., Direct visualization of initial SEI morphology and growth kinetics during lithium deposition by in situ electrochemical transmission electron microscopy. Chem. Commun. 50 (2014), 2104–2107.
    • (2014) Chem. Commun. , vol.50 , pp. 2104-2107
    • Sacci, R.L.1    Dudney, N.J.2    More, K.L.3    Parent, L.R.4    Arslan, I.5    Browning, N.D.6    Unocic, R.R.7
  • 45
    • 84897984987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualization of electrode–electrolyte interfaces in LiPF6/EC/DEC electrolyte for lithium ion batteries via in situ TEM
    • [45] Zeng, Z., Liang, W.-I., Liao, H.-G., Xin, H.L., Chu, Y.-H., Zheng, H., Visualization of electrode–electrolyte interfaces in LiPF6/EC/DEC electrolyte for lithium ion batteries via in situ TEM. Nano Lett. 14 (2014), 1745–1750.
    • (2014) Nano Lett. , vol.14 , pp. 1745-1750
    • Zeng, Z.1    Liang, W.-I.2    Liao, H.-G.3    Xin, H.L.4    Chu, Y.-H.5    Zheng, H.6
  • 47
    • 84949639404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charging/discharging nanomorphology asymmetry and rate-dependent capacity degradation in Li-Oxygen battery
    • [47] Kushima, A., Koido, T., Fujiwara, Y., Kuriyama, N., Kusumi, N., Li, J., Charging/discharging nanomorphology asymmetry and rate-dependent capacity degradation in Li-Oxygen battery. Nano Lett. 15 (2015), 8260–8265.
    • (2015) Nano Lett. , vol.15 , pp. 8260-8265
    • Kushima, A.1    Koido, T.2    Fujiwara, Y.3    Kuriyama, N.4    Kusumi, N.5    Li, J.6
  • 49
    • 84941933178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of reaction kinetics and oxygen crossover in aprotic Li–O2 batteries based on a dimethyl sulfoxide electrolyte
    • [49] Marinaro, M., Balasubramanian, P., Gucciardi, E., Theil, S., Jörissen, L., Wohlfahrt-Mehrens, M., Importance of reaction kinetics and oxygen crossover in aprotic Li–O2 batteries based on a dimethyl sulfoxide electrolyte. ChemSusChem 8 (2015), 3139–3145.
    • (2015) ChemSusChem , vol.8 , pp. 3139-3145
    • Marinaro, M.1    Balasubramanian, P.2    Gucciardi, E.3    Theil, S.4    Jörissen, L.5    Wohlfahrt-Mehrens, M.6
  • 50
    • 84987589412 scopus 로고
    • Theory of ultramicroelectrodes
    • [50] Aoki, K., Theory of ultramicroelectrodes. Electroanalysis 5 (1993), 627–639.
    • (1993) Electroanalysis , vol.5 , pp. 627-639
    • Aoki, K.1
  • 51
    • 20444368787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport properties of LiPF6-based Li-ion battery electrolytes
    • [51] Valøen, L.O., Reimers, J.N., Transport properties of LiPF6-based Li-ion battery electrolytes. J. Electrochem. Soc. 152 (2005), A882–A891.
    • (2005) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.152 , pp. A882-A891
    • Valøen, L.O.1    Reimers, J.N.2
  • 52
    • 0001428026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface films of lithium: an overview of electrochemical studies
    • [52] Munichandraiah, N., Scanlon, L.G., Marsh, R.A., Surface films of lithium: an overview of electrochemical studies. J. Power Sources 72 (1998), 203–210.
    • (1998) J. Power Sources , vol.72 , pp. 203-210
    • Munichandraiah, N.1    Scanlon, L.G.2    Marsh, R.A.3
  • 54
    • 84875457929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory of SEI formation in rechargeable batteries: capacity fade, accelerated aging and lifetime prediction
    • [54] Pinson, M.B., Bazant, M.Z., Theory of SEI formation in rechargeable batteries: capacity fade, accelerated aging and lifetime prediction. J. Electrochem. Soc. 160 (2013), A243–A250.
    • (2013) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.160 , pp. A243-A250
    • Pinson, M.B.1    Bazant, M.Z.2
  • 55
    • 84891075826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal resistance matching for parallel-connected lithium-ion cells and impacts on battery pack cycle life
    • [55] Gogoana, R., Pinson, M.B., Bazant, M.Z., Sarma, S.E., Internal resistance matching for parallel-connected lithium-ion cells and impacts on battery pack cycle life. J. Power Sources 252 (2014), 8–13.
    • (2014) J. Power Sources , vol.252 , pp. 8-13
    • Gogoana, R.1    Pinson, M.B.2    Bazant, M.Z.3    Sarma, S.E.4
  • 56
    • 0028764183 scopus 로고
    • Self-diffusion of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide in solutions and gels of cellulose acetates by pulsed field gradient NMR
    • [56] Ilyina, E., Daragan, V., Self-diffusion of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide in solutions and gels of cellulose acetates by pulsed field gradient NMR. Macromolecules 27 (1994), 3759–3763.
    • (1994) Macromolecules , vol.27 , pp. 3759-3763
    • Ilyina, E.1    Daragan, V.2
  • 57
    • 0005761335 scopus 로고
    • Theory of the oxidation of metals
    • [57] Cabrera, N., Mott, N.F., Theory of the oxidation of metals. Rep. Prog. Phys., 12, 1949, 163.
    • (1949) Rep. Prog. Phys. , vol.12 , pp. 163
    • Cabrera, N.1    Mott, N.F.2
  • 58
    • 84890572462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of subsurface structures underneath dendrites formed on cycled lithium metal electrodes
    • [58] Harry, K.J., Hallinan, D.T., Parkinson, D.Y., MacDowell, A.A., Balsara, N.P., Detection of subsurface structures underneath dendrites formed on cycled lithium metal electrodes. Nat. Mater. 13 (2014), 69–73.
    • (2014) Nat. Mater. , vol.13 , pp. 69-73
    • Harry, K.J.1    Hallinan, D.T.2    Parkinson, D.Y.3    MacDowell, A.A.4    Balsara, N.P.5
  • 59
    • 0036903478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal-based very thin film anodes for lithium ion microbatteries
    • [59] Taillades, G., Benjelloun, N., Sarradin, J., Ribes, M., Metal-based very thin film anodes for lithium ion microbatteries. Solid State Ion. 152–153 (2002), 119–124.
    • (2002) Solid State Ion. , vol.152-153 , pp. 119-124
    • Taillades, G.1    Benjelloun, N.2    Sarradin, J.3    Ribes, M.4
  • 60
    • 84924745368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ TEM study of the Li–Au reaction in an electrochemical liquid cell
    • [60] Zeng, Z., Liang, W.-I., Chu, Y.-H., Zheng, H., In situ TEM study of the Li–Au reaction in an electrochemical liquid cell. Faraday Discuss. 176 (2015), 95–107.
    • (2015) Faraday Discuss. , vol.176 , pp. 95-107
    • Zeng, Z.1    Liang, W.-I.2    Chu, Y.-H.3    Zheng, H.4
  • 61
    • 0002305907 scopus 로고
    • Lithium Batteries
    • Academic Press New York, NY
    • [61] Peled, E., Lithium Batteries. 1983, Academic Press, New York, NY.
    • (1983)
    • Peled, E.1
  • 63
    • 0031211597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced model for solid electrolyte interphase electrodes in liquid and polymer electrolytes
    • [63] Peled, E., Golodnitsky, D., Ardel, G., Advanced model for solid electrolyte interphase electrodes in liquid and polymer electrolytes. J. Electrochem. Soc. 144 (1997), L208–L210.
    • (1997) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.144 , pp. L208-L210
    • Peled, E.1    Golodnitsky, D.2    Ardel, G.3
  • 64
    • 0003431520 scopus 로고
    • Fractal Concepts in Surface Growth
    • Cambridge University Press
    • [64] Barbasi, A.-L., Stanley, H.E., Fractal Concepts in Surface Growth. 1995, Cambridge University Press.
    • (1995)
    • Barbasi, A.-L.1    Stanley, H.E.2
  • 65
    • 0009697908 scopus 로고
    • Growth of whiskers in the solid phase
    • [65] Franks, J., Growth of whiskers in the solid phase. Acta Metall. 6 (1958), 103–109.
    • (1958) Acta Metall. , vol.6 , pp. 103-109
    • Franks, J.1
  • 66
    • 0000643191 scopus 로고
    • Irreversible processes of spontaneous whisker growth in bimetallic Cu-Sn thin-film reactions
    • [66] Tu, K.N., Irreversible processes of spontaneous whisker growth in bimetallic Cu-Sn thin-film reactions. Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994), 2030–2034.
    • (1994) Phys. Rev. B , vol.49 , pp. 2030-2034
    • Tu, K.N.1
  • 68
    • 84880101670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualizing size-dependent deformation mechanism transition in Sn
    • [68] Tian, L., Li, J., Sun, J., Ma, E., Shan, Z.-W., Visualizing size-dependent deformation mechanism transition in Sn. Sci. Rep., 3, 2013, 2113.
    • (2013) Sci. Rep. , vol.3 , pp. 2113
    • Tian, L.1    Li, J.2    Sun, J.3    Ma, E.4    Shan, Z.-W.5
  • 69
    • 84921418242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liquid-like pseudoelasticity of sub-10-nm crystalline silver particles
    • [69] Sun, J., He, L., Lo, Y.-C., Xu, T., Bi, H., Sun, L., Zhang, Z., Mao, S.X., Li, J., Liquid-like pseudoelasticity of sub-10-nm crystalline silver particles. Nat. Mater. 13 (2014), 1007–1012.
    • (2014) Nat. Mater. , vol.13 , pp. 1007-1012
    • Sun, J.1    He, L.2    Lo, Y.-C.3    Xu, T.4    Bi, H.5    Sun, L.6    Zhang, Z.7    Mao, S.X.8    Li, J.9
  • 70
    • 67349275043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A highly ordered nanostructured carbon–sulphur cathode for lithium–sulphur batteries
    • [70] Ji, X., Lee, K.T., Nazar, L.F., A highly ordered nanostructured carbon–sulphur cathode for lithium–sulphur batteries. Nat. Mater. 8 (2009), 500–506.
    • (2009) Nat. Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 500-506
    • Ji, X.1    Lee, K.T.2    Nazar, L.F.3
  • 73
    • 84995733061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anion-redox nanolithia cathodes for Li-ion batteries
    • [73] Zhu, Z., Kushima, A., Yin, Z., Qi, L., Amine, K., Lu, J., Li, J., Anion-redox nanolithia cathodes for Li-ion batteries. Nat. Energy, 1, 2016, 16111.
    • (2016) Nat. Energy , vol.1 , pp. 16111
    • Zhu, Z.1    Kushima, A.2    Yin, Z.3    Qi, L.4    Amine, K.5    Lu, J.6    Li, J.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.