The War on Cancer: A Military Perspective

Frontiers in Oncology

Volumn 4, Issue , 2015, Pages

  Oronsky, Bryan ^a   Carter, Corey A ^b   Mackie, Vernon ^b   Scicinski, Jan ^a   Oronsky, Arnold ^c   Oronsky, Neil ^d   Caroen, Scott ^a   Parker, Christopher ^a   Lybeck, Michelle ^a   Reid, Tony ^e  

^a Toyota InfoTechnology Center USA Inc   (United States)

^b WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c InterWest Partners   (United States)

^d CFLS   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO   (United States)

Author keywords

epigenetic modulation; metronomic dosing; military; Optimox; RRx 001; war on cancer

Indexed keywords

EID: 85007356978     PISSN: None     EISSN: 2234943X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00387     Document Type: Review

References (31)

1. Litwak RS. Regime Change: US Strategy Through the Prism of 9/11. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press (2007).
2. Hixson WL. Containment on the perimeter: George F. Kennan and Vietnam. Diplomatic Hist (1988) 12(2):149–63.10.1111/j.1467-7709.1988.tb00469.x
3. Temple NJ Burkitt DP. The war on cancer – failure of therapy and research: discussion paper. J R Soc Med (1991) 84(2):95–8.
4. Hanin L. Why victory in the war on cancer remains elusive: biomedical hypotheses and mathematical models. Cancers (Basel) (2011) 3(1):340–67.10.3390/cancers301034024212619
5. Hanahan D Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell (2011) 144(5):646–74.10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013
6. Johnson DDP. Darwinian selection in asymmetric warfare: the natural advantage of insurgents and terrorists. J Wash Acad Sci (2009) 95(3):89–112.
7. Nagl JA. Counterinsurgency Lessons from Malaya and Vietnam: Learning to Eat Soup with a Knife. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers (2002).
8. Greaves M Maley CC. Clonal evolution in cancer. Nature (2012) 481:306–13.10.1038/nature10762
9. Aktipis CA Nesse RM. Evolutionary foundations in cancer biology. Evol Appl (2013) 6(1):144–59.10.1111/eva.12034
10. Venditti C Meade A Pagel M. Phylogenies reveal new interpretation of speciation and the Red Queen. Nature (2010) 463:349–52.10.1038/nature0863020010607
11. Mansoor PR. Surge: My Journey with General David Petraeus and the Remaking of the Iraq War. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press (2013).
12. Chandrasekaran R. The Afghan surge is over: so did it work? Foreign Policy (2014). Available from: http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/09/25/the_afghan_surge_is_over
13. Hochster HS. Stop and go: yes or no? J Clin Oncol (2009) 27(34):5677–9.10.1200/JCO.2009.24.5209
14. Grothey A Hart LL Rowland KM Ansari RH Alberts SR Chowhan NM et al. Intermittent oxaliplatin (oxali) administration and time-to-treatment-failure (TTF) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): final results of the Phase III CONcePT trial. J Clin Oncol (2008) 26(15 Suppl):4010.
15. Berry S Cosby R Asmis T Chan K Hammad N Krzyzanowska MK. Cancer care Ontario’s gastrointestinal disease site group, continuous versus intermittent chemotherapy strategies in metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol (2014).10.1093/annonc/mdu27225057174
16. Dolgin E. The mathematician versus the malignancy. Nat Med (2014) 20:460–3.10.1038/nm0514-460
17. Turturro F Leary C Stephens J Veillon D Lowery-Nordberg M. Caution using hypomethylating agents in myelodysplasia or myeloid leukemia with complex cytogenetics. J Clin Oncol (2010) 28(22):380–1.10.1200/JCO.2010.28.5775
18. Gatenby RA Silva AS Gillies RJ Frieden BR. Adaptive therapy. Cancer Res (2009) 69(11):4894–903.10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-365819487300
19. Silva AS Kam Y Khin ZP Minton SE Gillies RJ Gatenby RA. Evolutionary approaches to prolong progression-free survival in breast cancer. Cancer Res (2012) 72(24):6362–70.10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-223523066036
20. Army Doctrine Reference Publication (ADRP) 3-0. Unified Land Operations Headquarters, Department of the Army, 2012 (2014). Available from: http://armypubs.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_a/pdf/adrp3_0.pdf
21. Juergens RA Wrangle J Vendetti FP Murphy SC Zhao M Coleman B et al. Combination epigenetic therapy has efficacy in patients with refractory advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Discov (2011) 1:598–607.10.1158/2159-8290.CD-11-021422586682
22. Juergens RA Rudin CM. Aberrant epigenetic regulation: a central contributor to lung carcinogenesis and a new therapeutic target. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book (2013).10.1200/EdBook_AM.2013.33.e29523714528
23. Reid T Dad S Korn R Oronsky B Knox S Scicinski J. Two case reports of resensitization to previous chemotherapy with the novel hypoxia-activated hypomethylating anticancer agent RRx-001 in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Case Rep Oncol (2014) 7(1):79–85.10.1159/00035838224575021
24. Oronsky B Oronsky N Knox S Fanger G Scicinski J. Episensitization: therapeutic tumor resensitization by epigenetic agents: a review and reassessment. Anticancer Agents Med Chem (2014) 14(8):1121–7.10.2174/187152061466614041814461024893730
25. Hufbauer GC Schott JJ. Economic sanctions and U. S. foreign policy. PS Polit Sci Polit (1985) 18(4):727–35.10.1017/S1049096500022654
26. Browder T Butterfield CE Kraling BM Shi B Marshall B O’Reilly MS et al. Antiangiogenic scheduling of chemotherapy improves efficacy against experimental drug-resistant cancer. Cancer Res (2000) 60:1878–86.10766175
27. Mross K Steinbild S. Metronomic anti-cancer therapy – an ongoing treatment option for advanced cancer patients. J Cancer Ther Res (2012) 1:32.10.7243/2049-7962-1-32
28. Lien K Georgsdottir S Sivanathan L Chan K Emmenegger U. Low-dose metronomic chemotherapy: a systematic literature analysis. Eur J Cancer (2013) 49(16):3387–95.10.1016/j.ejca.2013.06.03823880474
29. Orlando L Cardillo A Rocca A Balduzzi A Ghisini R Peruzzotti G et al. Prolonged clinical benefit with metronomic chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Anticancer Drugs (2006) 17(8):961–7.10.1097/01.cad.0000224454.46824.fc16940806
30. He S Shen J Hong L Niu L Niu D. Capecitabine “metronomic” chemotherapy for palliative treatment of elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer after fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. Med Oncol (2012) 29(1):100–6.10.1007/s12032-010-9791-x21264547
31. American Society of Clinical Oncology. The state of cancer care in America, 2014: a report by the American society of clinical oncology. J Oncol Pract (2014) 10(2):119–42.10.1200/JOP.2014.001386