Comprehensive evidence-based review on European antitussives

BMJ Open Respiratory Research

Volumn 3, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 1-8

  Morice, Alyn ^a   Kardos, Peter ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HULL   (United Kingdom)

^b Group Practice and Allergy   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; AMBROXOL; ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; ANTITUSSIVE AGENT; BUTAMIRATE; CODEINE; DECONGESTIVE AGENT; DEXTROMETHORPHAN; DIPHENHYDRAMINE; DOXYLAMINE; EPHEDRINE SULFATE; HELICIDINE; LEVDROPROPIZINE; MENTHOL; MORPHINE; MUCOLYTIC AGENT; NON PRESCRIPTION DRUG; OXOMEMAZINE; PARACETAMOL; PENTOXYVERINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; BRONCHITIS; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); COMMON COLD; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); COUGH COUNTING; COUGHING; DISEASE ASSESSMENT; DRUG EFFICACY; EUROPE; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION; GERMANY; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROVOCATION TEST; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); VIRAL UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE;

EID: 85006184184     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20524439     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2016-000137     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Eccles R. Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza. Lancet Infect Dis 2005;5: 718-25.
2. Burt CW, Schappert SM. Ambulatory care visits to physician offices, hospital outpatient departments, and emergency departments:United States, 1999-2000. Vital Health Stat 2004;157: 1-70.
3. Wenzel RP, Fowler AA III. Clinical practice. Acute bronchitis. N Engl J Med 2006;355: 2125-30.
4. Braman SS. Chronic cough due to acute bronchitis: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2006;129: 95S-103S.
5. Hueston WJ, Mainous AG III, Dacus EN, et al. Does acute bronchitis really exist? A reconceptualization of acute viral respiratory infections. J Fam Pract 2000;49: 401-6.
6. Albert RH. Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis. Am Fam Physician 2010;82: 1345-50.
7. Thompson M, Vodicka TA, Blair PS, et al., TARGET Programme Team. Duration of symptoms of respiratory tract infections in children: systematic review. BMJ 2013;347:f7027.
8. Acute Cough Illness (Acute Bronchitis) http://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/ community/materials-references/print-materials/hcp/ adult-acute-cough-illness.pdf (accessed Jan 2016).
9. Fahey T, Stocks N, Thomas T. Quantitative systematic review of randomised controlled trials comparing antibiotic with placebo for acute cough in adults. BMJ 1998;316: 906-10.
10. Butler CC, Hood K, Verheij T, et al. Variation in antibiotic prescribing and its impact on recovery in patients with acute cough in primary care: prospective study in 13 countries. BMJ 2009;338:b2242.
11. Lee PC, Jawad MS, Hull JD, et al. The antitussive effect of placebo treatment on cough associated with acute upper respiratory infection. Psychosom Med 2005;67: 314-17.
12. Antibiotic resistance: a final warning. Lancet 2013;382: 1072.
13. Witek TJ, Ramsey DL, Carr AN, et al. The natural history of community-acquired common colds symptoms assessed over 4-years. Rhinology 2015;53: 81-8.
14. Gwaltney JM Jr, Hendley JO, Simon G, et al. Rhinovirus infections in an industrial population. II. Characteristics of illness and antibody response. JAMA 1967;202: 494-500.
15. Matthys H, de MC, Carls C, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of myrtol standardized in acute bronchitis. A multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group clinical trial vs. cefuroxime and ambroxol. Arzneimittelforschung 2000;50: 700-11.
16. Abdullah H, Heaney LG, Cosby SL, et al. Rhinovirus upregulates transient receptor potential channels in a human neuronal cell line:implications for respiratory virus-induced cough reflex sensitivity. Thorax 2014;69: 46-54.
17. Atkinson SK, Sadofsky LR, Morice AH. How does rhinovirus cause the common cold cough? BMJ Open Resp Res 2016;3:e000118.
18. Rubin BK. Mucolytics, expectorants, and mucokinetic medications. Respir Care 2007;52: 859-65.
19. Lehrl S, Matthys H, Kamin W, et al. The BSS-a valid clinical instrument to measure the severity of acute bronchitis. Pulm Respir Res 2014;1: 00016.
20. Morice AH, Widdicombe J, Dicpinigaitis P, et al. Understanding cough. Eur Respir J 2002;19: 6-7.
21. Morice AH, Kantar A, Dicpinigaitis PV, et al. Treating acute cough:wet versus dry-have we got the paradigm wrong? ERJ Open Res 2015;1: 00055-2015.
22. Nadel JA. Mucous hypersecretion and relationship to cough. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2013;26: 510-13.
23. Gwaltney JM, Druce HM. Efficacy of brompheniramine maleate for the treatment of rhinovirus colds. Clin Infect Dis 1997;25: 1188-94.
24. Morice AH, Fontana GA, Belvisi MG, et al. ERS guidelines on the assessment of cough. Eur Respir J 2007;29: 1256-76.
25. Parvez L, Vaidya M, Sakhardande A, et al. Evaluation of antitussive agents in man. Pulm Pharmacol 1996;9: 299-308.
26. Gasche Y, Daali Y, Fathi M, et al. Codeine intoxication associated with ultrarapid CYP2D6 metabolism. N Engl J Med 2004;351: 2827-31.
27. Dicpinigaitis PV, Morice AH, Birring SS, et al. Antitussive drugs- past, present, and future. Pharmacol Rev 2014;66: 468-512.
28. Eccles R, Morris S, Jawad M. Lack of effect of codeine in the treatment of cough associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection. J Clin Pharm Ther 1992;17: 175-80.
29. Freestone C, Eccles R, Morris S, et al. Assessment of the antitussive efficacy of codeine using cough sound pressure levels as a means of measuring cough. Pulm Pharmacol 1996;9: 365.
30. European Medicines Agency. Codeine not to be used in children below 12 years for cough and cold. 24 April 2015, EMA/249413/2015.
31. U.S. Food and Drug Administration Drug Safety Communications. FDA evaluating the potential risks of using codeine cough-and-cold medicines in children. 1 July 2015.
32. Pavesi L, Subburaj S, Porter-Shaw K. Application and validation of a computerized cough acquisition system for objective monitoring of acute cough: a meta-analysis. Chest 2001;120: 1121-8.
33. Faruqi S, Wright C, Thompson R, et al. A randomized placebo controlled trial to evaluate the effects of butamirate and dextromethorphan on capsaicin induced cough in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2014;78: 1272-80.
34. Abdul-Manap R, Wright CE, Rostami-Hodjegan A, et al. Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) activity in relation to the antitussive effect of dextromethorphan. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999;47: 586-7.
35. Brown C, Fezoui M, Selig WM, et al. Antitussive activity of sigma-1 receptor agonists in the guinea-pig. Br J Pharmacol 2004;141: 233-40.
36. Talbott MW, Barch GK, Gabel LP. A new method for evaluating antitussives in cats using an electrode-cannula. Eur J Pharmacol 1975;34: 59-63.
37. Lejeune J, Weibel MA. Comparison of 2 antitussive agents in pediatrics (butamirate citrate in drinkable solution and zipeprol syrup). Rev Med Suisse Romande 1990;110: 181-5.
38. Germouty J, Weibel MA. Clinical comparison of butamirate citrate with a codeine-based antitussive agent. Rev Med Suisse Romande 1990;110: 983-6.
39. Charpin J, Weibel MA. Comparative evaluation of the antitussive activity of butamirate citrate linctus versus clobutinol syrup. Respiration 1990;57: 275-9.
40. Zanasi A, Lanata L, Fontana G, et al. Levodropropizine for treating cough in adult and children: a meta-analysis of published studies. Multidiscip Respir Med 2015;10: 19.
41. Fiocchi A, Arancio R, Murgo P, et al. Levodropropizine effectiveness on nocturnal cough in asthmatic children. Eur Res J 1991;4: 594.
42. Allegra L, Bossi R. Clinical trials with the new antitussive levodropropizine in adult bronchitic patients. Arzneimittelforschung 1988;38: 1163-6.
43. Banderali G, Riva E, Fiocchi A, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of levodropropizine and dropropizine in children with non-productive cough. J Int Med Res 1995;23: 175-83.
44. Catena E, Daffonchio L. Efficacy and tolerability of levodropropizine in adult patients with non-productive cough, comparison with dextromethorphan. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 1997;10: 89-96.
45. Terminology, definitions, and classification of chronic pulmonary emphysema and related conditions: a report of the conclusions of a CIBA guest symposium. Thorax 1959;14: 286-99.
46. Malerba M, Ragnoli B. Ambroxol in the 21st century:pharmacological and clinical update. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2008;4: 1119-29.
47. Germouty J, Jirou-Najou JL. Clinical efficacy of ambroxol in the treatment of bronchial stasis. Respiration 1987;51(Suppl 1): 37-41.
48. Ericsson CH, Juhasz J, Jonsson E, et al. Ambroxol therapy in simple chronic bronchitis: effects on subjective symptoms and ventilatory function. Eur J Respir Dis 1986;69: 248-55.
49. Chalumeau M, Duijvestijn YC. Acetylcysteine and carbocysteine for acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in paediatric patients without chronic broncho-pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;5:CD003124.
50. Smith SM, Schroeder K, Fahey T. Over-the-counter (OTC) medications for acute cough in children and adults in community settings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;(11):CD001831.
51. Pujet JC, Keddad K, Sévenier F, et al. Comparative study of two antitussive drugs in the treatment of acute dry cough of infectious origin (prospective, randomized, single blind study). Therapie 2002;57: 457-63.
52. Alison M. Therapeutic trials in children and particularly in infants of a new expectorant cough syrup with oxomemazine base. J Med Lyon 1965;46: 1683-6.
53. Chapuis, Dalmais, Belpois, et al. [Oxomemazine (new antihistaminic). Its value in general medicine]. Lyon Med 1965;214: 413-16.
54. Sergysels R, Art G. A double-masked, placebo-controlled polysomnographic study of the antitussive effects of helicidine. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2001;62: 35-47.
55. Mainil J. Inhibition of Hemophilus pertussis in vitro and lysis of mucoid substances which it secretes, with an extract of secretions of Gastropoda. Ann Pharm Fr 1950;8: 734-6.
56. Bautista DM, Siemens J, Glazer JM, et al. The menthol receptor TRPM8 is the principal detector of environmental cold. Nature 2007;448: 204-8.
57. Al Aboud K. The founder of Vicks: Lunsford Richardson (1854-1919). Skinmed 2010;8: 100-1.
58. Plevkova J, Biringerova Z, Gavliakova S, et al. The role of nasal trigeminal nerves expressing TRP channels in modulation of cough threshold and urge to cough-possible clinical application. Clin Transl Allergy 2013;3(Suppl 2):O17.
59. Wise PM, Breslin PA, Dalton P. Sweet taste and menthol increase cough reflex thresholds. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2012;25: 236-41.
60. Morice AH, Marshall AE, Higgins KS, et al. Effect of inhaled menthol on citric acid induced cough in normal subjects. Thorax 1994;49: 1024-6.
61. Kenia P, Houghton T, Beardsmore C. Does inhaling menthol affect nasal patency or cough? Pediatr Pulmonol 2008;43: 532-7.
62. Irwin RS, Baumann MH, Bolser DC, et al. (ACCP) ACoCP. Diagnosis and management of cough executive summary: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2006;129: 1S-23S.
63. Chronic cough. Lancet 1981;2: 907-8.
64. Packman EW, Ciccone PE, Wilson J, et al. Antitussive effects of diphenhydramine on the citric acid aerosol-induced cough response in humans. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1991;29: 218-22.
65. Dicpinigaitis PV, Dhar S, Johnson A, et al. Inhibition of cough reflex sensitivity by diphenhydramine during acute viral respiratory tract infection. Int J Clin Pharm 2015;37: 471-4.
66. Beeh KM, Beier J, Esperester A, et al. Antiinflammatory properties of ambroxol. Eur J Med Res 2008;13: 557-62.
67. Rahman I, Skwarska E, MacNee W. Attenuation of oxidant/ antioxidant imbalance during treatment of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 1997;52: 565-8.
68. Dicpinigaitis PV, Gayle YE. Effect of guaifenesin on cough reflex sensitivity. Chest 2003;124: 2178-81.
69. Kamei J, Nakanishi Y, Ishikawa Y, et al. Possible involvement of tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels in cough reflex. Eur J Pharmacol 2011;652: 117-20.
70. Mizoguchi H, Wilson A, Jerdack GR, et al. Efficacy of a single evening dose of syrup containing paracetamol, dextromethorphan hydrobromide, doxylamine succinate and ephedrine sulfate in subjects with multiple common cold symptoms. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007;45: 230-6.