Current strategies in chemoradiation for esophageal cancer

Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 156-165

  Lloyd, Shane ^a   Chang, Bryan W ^a  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Esophageal cancer; Positron emission tomography (PET); Radiotherapy

Indexed keywords

CARBOPLATIN; CETUXIMAB; CISPLATIN; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2; ETOPOSIDE; EXCISION REPAIR CROSS COMPLEMENTING PROTEIN 1; FLUOROURACIL; FOLINIC ACID; PACLITAXEL; PANITUMUMAB; TRASTUZUMAB;

CANCER SURVIVAL; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE COURSE; ENDOSCOPIC ECHOGRAPHY; ESOPHAGUS CANCER; ESOPHAGUS RESECTION; HUMAN; IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY; INCIDENCE; INTENSITY MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PROTON THERAPY; RADIATION DOSE; REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; SURGICAL APPROACH; TOXICITY; TRANSTHORACIC ESOPHAGECTOMY; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

EID: 84995748203     PISSN: 20786891     EISSN: 2219679X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2014.033     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. American Cancer Society. Esophagus Cancer. Available online: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/esophaguscancer/ detailedguide/esophagus-cancer-key-statistics. Accessed December 3, 2013.
2. Blot WJ, McLaughlin J. The changing epidemiology of esophageal cancer. Semin Oncol 1999;26:2-8.
3. Lagergren J, Bergstrom R, Lindgren A, et al. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux as a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med 1999;340:825-31.
4. Brown LM, Swanson CA, Gridley G, et al. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus: role of obesity and diet. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:104-9.
5. Zhang ZF, Kurtz R, Sun M. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia:medical conditions, tobacco, alcohol and socioeconomic factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1996;5:761-8.
6. Halperin EC, Wazer DE, Perez CA, et al. eds. Perez and Brady's Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008.
7. Hulscher JB, van Sandick JW, de Boer AG, et al. Extended transthoracic resection compared with limited transhiatal resection for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1662-9.
8. Cooper JS, Guo MD, Herskovic A, et al. Chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced esophageal cancer: long-term follow-up of a prospective randomized trial (RTOG 85-01). Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. JAMA 1999;281:1623-7.
9. Bedenne L, Michel P, Bouche´ O, et al. Chemoradiation followed by surgery compared with chemoradiation alone in squamous cancer of the esophagus: FFCD 9102. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:1160-8.
10. Stahl M, Stuschke M, Lehmann N, et al. Chemoradiation with and without surgery in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:2310-7.
11. Swisher SG, Winter KA, Komaki RU, et al. A Phase II study of a paclitaxel-based chemoradiation regimen with selective surgical salvage for resectable locoregionally advanced esophageal cancer: initial reporting of RTOG 0246. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012;82:1967-72.
12. Tepper J, Krasna MJ, Niedzwiecki D, et al. Phase III trial of trimodality therapy with cisplatin, fluorouracil, radiotherapy, and surgery compared with surgery alone for esophageal cancer: CALGB 9781. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:1086-92.
13. Walsh TN, Noonan N, Hollywood D, et al. A comparison of multimodal therapy and surgery for esophageal adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med 1996;335:462-7.
14. van Hagen P, Hulshof MC, van Lanschot JJ, et al. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for esophageal or junctional cancer. N Engl J Med 2012;366:2074-84.
15. Bosset JF, Gignoux M, Triboulet JP, et al. Chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery compared with surgery alone in squamous-cell cancer of the esophagus. N Engl J Med 1997;337:161-7.
16. Gebski V, Burmeister B, Smithers BM, et al. Survival benefits from neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy in oesophageal carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol 2007;8:226-34.
17. RTOG 1010. A Phase III Trial Evaluating the Addition of Trastuzumab to Trimodality Treatment of Her2-Overexpressing Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. In: RTOG. org [Internet]. Philadelphia (PA): Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. [cited 2014 Mar 30]. Available online: http://www.rtog.org/ClinicalTrials/ProtocolTable/ StudyDetails.aspx?study=1010
18. Cancer and Leukemia Group B; National Cancer Institute. PET Scan Imaging in Assessing Response in Patients With Esophageal Cancer Receiving Combination Chemotherapy. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000-[cited 2013 Dec 18]. Available online: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ show/NCT01333033
19. Forastiere AA, Orringer MB, Perez-Tamayo C, et al. Preoperative chemoradiation followed by transhiatal esophagectomy for carcinoma of the esophagus: final report. J Clin Oncol 1993;11:1118-23.
20. Heath EI, Burtness BA, Heitmiller RF, et al. Phase II evaluation of preoperative chemoradiation and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:868-76.
21. Burmeister BH, Smithers BM, Gebski V, et al. Surgery alone versus chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for resectable cancer of the oesophagus: a randomised controlled phase III trial. Lancet Oncol 2005;6:659-68.
22. Minsky BD, Pajak T, Ginsberg R, et al. INT0123 (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 94-05) phase III trial of combined-modality therapy for esophageal cancer highdose versus standard dose radiation therapy. J Clin Oncol 2002;20:1167-74.
23. Gaspar LE, Winter K, Kocha WI, et al. A phase I/II study of external beam radiation, brachytherapy, and concurrent chemotherapy for patients with localized carcinoma of the esophagus (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study 9207): final report. Cancer 2000;88:988-95.
24. Settle SH, Bucci MK, Palmer MB, et al. PET/CT fusion with treatment planning CT (TP CT) shows predominant pattern of locoregional failure in esophageal patients treated with chemoradiation (CRT) is in GTV. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008;72:S72-3.
25. Wang SL, Liao Z, Vaporciyan AA, et al. Investigation of clinical and dosimetric factors associated with postoperative pulmonary complications in esophageal cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;64:692-99.
26. Gagliardi G, Constine LS, Moiseenko V, et al. Radiation dose-volume effects in the heart. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010;76:S77-85.
27. Wei X, Liu HH, Tucker SL, et al. Risk factors for pericardial effusion in inoperable esophageal cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008;70:707-14.
28. Chandra A, Guerrero TM, Liu HH, et al. Feasibility of using intensity-modulated radiotherapy to improve lung sparing in treatment planning for distal esophageal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2005;77:247-53.
29. Kole TP, Aghayere O, Kwah J, et al. Comparison of heart and coronary artery doses associated with intensitymodulated radiotherapy versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for distal esophageal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012;83:1580-6.
30. Nutting CM, Bedford JL, Cosgrove VP, et al. A comparison of conformal and intensity-modulated techniques for oesophageal radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2001;61:157-63.
31. Hawkins MA, Bedford JL, Warrington AP, et al. Volumetric modulated arc therapy planning for distal oesophageal malignancies. Br J Radiol 2012;85:44-52.
32. La TH, Minn AY, Su Z, et al. Multimodality treatment with intensity modulated radiation therapy for esophageal cancer. Dis Esophagus 2010;23:300-8.
33. Welsh J, Gomez D, Palmer MB, et al. Intensity-modulated proton therapy further reduces normal tissue exposure during definitive therapy for locally advanced distal esophageal tumors: a dosimetric study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011;81:1336-42.
34. Loma Linda University. Proton Therapy for Esophageal Cancer. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000-[cited 2014 Mar 28]. Available online: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/ NCT01684904
35. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. Proton Beam Therapy (PBT) Versus Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Trial. In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000-[cited 2014 Mar 29]. Available online: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ show/NCT01512589
36. Rosenberg JC, Franklin R, Steiger Z. Squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus: an interdisciplinary approach. Curr Probl Cancer 1981;5:1-52.
37. Akiyama H, Tsurumaru M, Kawamura T, et al. Principles of surgical treatment for carcinoma of the esophagus: analysis of lymph node involvement. Circles represent potential sites of lymph node involvement while squares represent the dominant site of lymphatic spread. Ann Surg 1981;194:438.
38. Button MR, Morgan CA, Croydon ES, et al. Study to determine adequate margins in radiotherapy planning for esophageal carcinoma by detailing patterns of recurrence after definitive chemoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;73:818-23.
39. RTOG 1010. A Phase III Trial Evaluating the Addition of Trastuzumab to Trimodality Treatment of Her2-Overexpressing Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. In: RTOG. org [Internet]. Philadelphia (PA): Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. [cited 2014 Mar 30]. Available online: http://www.rtog.org/ClinicalTrials/ProtocolTable/ StudyDetails.aspx?study=1010
40. Moureau-Zabotto L, Touboul E, Lerouge D, et al. Impact of CT and 18F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography image fusion for conformal radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005;63:340.
41. Weber WA, Ott K, Becker K, et al. Prediction of response to preoperative chemotherapy in adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction by metabolic imaging. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:3058-65.
42. Ott K, Weber WA, Lordick F, et al. Metabolic imaging predicts response, survival, and recurrence in adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:4692-8.
43. Ilson DH, Minsky BD, Ku GY, et al. Phase 2 trial of induction and concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly irinotecan and cisplatin followed by surgery for esophageal cancer. Cancer 2012;118:2820-7.
44. Kauppi JT, Oksala N, Salo JA, et al. Locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma: response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and survival predicted by ([18F])FDG PET/CT. Acta Oncol 2012;51:636-44.
45. Lordick F, Ott K, Krause BJ, et al. PET to assess early metabolic response and to guide treatment of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction: the MUNICON phase II trial. Lancet Oncol 2007;8:797-805.
46. Gillham CM, Lucey JA, Keogan M, et al. (18)FDG uptake during induction chemoradiation for oesophageal cancer fails to predict histomorphological tumour response. Br J Cancer 2006;95:1174-9.
47. van Heijl M, Omloo JM, van Berge Henegouwen MI, et al. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for evaluating early response during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with potentially curable esophageal cancer. Ann Surg 2011;253:56-63.
48. Wieder HA, Bru¨cher BL, Zimmermann F, et al. Time course of tumor metabolic activity during chemoradiotherapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and response to treatment. J Clin Oncol 2004;22:900-8.
49. Downey RJ, Akhurst T, Ilson D, et al. Whole body 18FDG-PET and the response of esophageal cancer to induction therapy: results of a prospective trial. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:428-32.
50. Flamen P, Van Cutsem E, Lerut A, et al. Positron emission tomography for assessment of the response to induction radiochemotherapy in locally advanced oesophageal cancer. Ann Oncol 2002;13:361-8.
51. Vallbo¨hmer D, Ho¨lscher AH, Dietlein M, et al. [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography for the assessment of histopathologic response and prognosis after completion of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in esophageal cancer. Ann Surg 2009;250:888-94.
52. Wu AJ, Goodman KA. Positron emission tomography imaging for gastroesophageal junction tumors. Semin Radiat Oncol 2013;23:10-5.
53. zum Bu¨schenfelde CM, Herrmann K, Schuster T, et al. (18)F-FDG PET-guided salvage neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: the MUNICON II trial. J Nucl Med 2011;52:1189-96.
54. Lorenzen S, von Gall C, Stange A, et al. Sequential FDGPET and induction chemotherapy in locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the Oesophago-gastric junction (AEG): The Heidelberg Imaging program in Cancer of the oesophago-gastric junction during Neoadjuvant treatment: HICON trial. BMC Cancer 2011;11:266.
55. Murthy SB, Patnana SV, Xiao L, et al. The standardized uptake value of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography after chemoradiation and clinical outcome in patients with localized gastroesophageal carcinoma. Oncology 2010;78:316-22.
56. Kim MK, Cho KJ, Kwon GY, et al. Patients with ERCC1-negative locally advanced esophageal cancers may benefit from preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2008;14:4225-31.
57. Leichman LP, Goldman BH, Bohanes PO, et al. S0356: a phase II clinical and prospective molecular trial with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and external-beam radiation therapy before surgery for patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:4555-60.
58. Brien TP, Odze RD, Sheehan CE, et al. HER-2/neu gene amplification by FISH predicts poor survival in Barrett's esophagus-associated adenocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 2000;31:35-9.
59. Suntharalingam M, Winter K, Ilson DH. The initial report of RTOG 0436: A phase III trial evaluating the addition of cetuximab to paclitaxel, cisplatin, and radiation for patients with esophageal cancer treated without surgery. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:abstr LBA6.
60. Lordick F, Kang YK, Chung HC, et al. Capecitabine and cisplatin with or without cetuximab for patients with previously untreated advanced gastric cancer (EXPAND): a randomised, open-label phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2013;14:490-9.
61. Waddell T, Chau I, Cunningham D, et al. Epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine with or without panitumumab for patients with previously untreated advanced oesophagogastric cancer (REAL3): a randomised, openlabel phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2013;14:481-9.
62. Meluch AA, Greco FA, Gray JR, et al. Preoperative therapy with concurrent paclitaxel/carboplatin/infusional 5-FU and radiation therapy in locoregional esophageal cancer: final results of a Minnie Pearl Cancer Research Network phase II trial. Cancer J 2003;9:251-60.
63. Urba SG, Orringer MB, Ianettonni M, et al. Concurrent cisplatin, paclitaxel, and radiotherapy as preoperative treatment for patients with locoregional esophageal carcinoma. Cancer 2003;98:2177-83.
64. Suntharalingam M, Moughan J, Coia LR, et al. The national practice for patients receiving radiation therapy for carcinoma of the esophagus: results of the 1996-1999 Patterns of Care Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003;56:981-7.
65. Kelsey CR, Chino JP, Willett CG, et al. Paclitaxel-based chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of patients with operable esophageal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007;69:770-6.
66. Wright CD, Wain JC, Lynch TJ, et al. Induction therapy for esophageal cancer with paclitaxel and hyperfractionated radiotherapy: a phase I and II study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1997;114:811-5.
67. Raoul JL, Le Prise´ E, Meunier B, et al. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiotherapy with concurrent low-dose chemotherapy for squamous cell esophageal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1998;42:29-34.