Sensitivity of wind farm output to wind conditions, land configuration, and installed capacity, under different wake models

Journal of Mechanical Design

Volumn 137, Issue 6, 2015, Pages

  Tong, Weiyang ^a   Chowdhury, Souma ^b   Mehmani, Ali ^a   Messac, Achille ^b   Zhang, Jie ^c  

^a Syracuse University   (United States)

^b MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Fourier amplitude sensitivity testing; Mixed discrete particle swarm optimization; Sensitivity analysis; Unrestricted wind farm layout optimization; Wake model

Indexed keywords

ASPECT RATIO; ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM INTERCONNECTION; ELECTRIC UTILITIES; PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION (PSO); WAKES; WIND FARM;

DISCRETE PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION; FOURIER AMPLITUDE SENSITIVITY TESTING; FOURIER AMPLITUDES; KEY FACTORS; MIXED-DISCRETE PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION; POWER- GENERATIONS; UNRESTRICTED WIND FARM LAYOUT OPTIMIZATION; WAKE MODEL; WIND FARM; WIND FARM LAYOUT OPTIMIZATIONS;

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS;

EID: 84994056592     PISSN: 10500472     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1115/1.4029892     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. European Wind Energy Association (EWEA), 2009, "Wind Energy - The Facts: A Guide to the Technology, Economics and Future of Wind Power," Vol. I, Earthscan, Sterling, VA.
2. Méchali, M., Barthelmie, R., Frandsen, S., Jensen, L., and Réthoré, P.-E., 2006, "Wake Effects at Horns Rev and Their Influence on Energy Production," Proceedings of the European Wind Energy Conference and Exhibition.
3. Chowdhury, S., Zhang, J., Messac, A., and Castillo, L., 2013, "Optimizing the Arrangement and the Selection of Turbines for Wind Farms Subject to Varying Wind Conditions," Renewable Energy, 52, pp. 273-282.
4. Kusiak, A., Zhang, Z., and Li, M., 2010, "Optimization of Wind Turbine Performance With Data-Driven Models," IEEE Trans. Sustainable Energy, 1(2), pp. 66-76.
5. González, J. S., Rodriguez, A. G. G., Mora, J. C., Santos, J. R., and Payan, M. B., 2010, "Optimization of Wind Farm Turbines Layout Using an Evolutive Algorithm," Renewable Energy, 35(8), pp. 1671-1681.
6. Du Pont, B. L., and Cagan, J., 2012, "An Extended Pattern Search Approach to Wind Farm Layout Optimization," ASME J. Mech. Des., 134(8), p. 081002.
7. Chen, L., and MacDonald, E., 2012, "Considering Landowner Participation in Wind Farm Layout Optimization," ASME J. Mech. Des., 134(8), p. 084506.
8. Jensen, N. O., 1983, "A Note on Wind Generator Interaction," Technical Report No. Risø-M-2411, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark.
9. Katic, I., Højstrup, J., and Jensen, N. O., 1986, "A Simple Model for Cluster Efficiency," Proceedings of the European Wind Energy Conference and Exhibition, Vol. 1, pp. 407-410.
10. Frandsen, S., Barthelmie, R., Pryor, S., Rathmann, O., Larsen, S., Højstrup, J., and Thøgersen, M., 2006, "Analytical Modelling of Wind Speed Deficit in Large Offshore Wind Farms," Wind Energy, 9(2), pp. 39-53.
11. Larsen, G. C., 1988, "A Simple Wake Calculation Procedure," Technical Report No. Risø-M-2760, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark.
12. Dekker, J. W. M., and Pierik, J. T. G., eds., 1999, European Wind Turbine Standards II. ECN Solar & Wind Energy, Petten, The Netherlands.
13. Ishihara, T., Yamaguchi, A., and Fujino, Y., 2004, "Development of a New Wake Model Based on a Wind Tunnel Experiment," see http://windeng.t.utokyo. ac.jp/ishihara/posters/2004-gwp-poster.pdf (last accessed Jan. 2015).
14. Saltelli, A., Chan, K., and Scott, E. M., 2009, Sensitivity Analysis (Probability and Statistics), Wiley, NY, USA.
15. Saltelli, A., Tarantola, S., Campolongo, F., and Ratto, M., 2004, Sensitivity Analysis in Practice: A Guide to Assessing Scientific Models (Probability and Statistics), Wiley, NY, USA.
16. Lackner, M. A., Rogers, A. L., and Manwell, J. F., 2008, "Uncertainty Analysis in MCP-Based Wind Resource Assessment and Energy Production Estimation," ASME J. Sol. Energy Eng., 130(3), p. 031006.
17. Rocklin, M. D., and Constantinescu, E. M., 2009, "Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis for Wind Power Generation," see www.mcs.anl.gov/papers/P1704.pdf (last accessed Jan. 2015).
18. Kubik, M. L., Coker, P. J., and Hunt, C., 2011, "Using Meteorological Wind Data to Estimate Turbine Generation Output: A Sensitivity Analysis," Proceedings of the World Renewable Energy Congress (WREC), pp. 4074-4081.
19. Capps, S., Hall, A., and Hughes, M., 2012, "Sensitivity of Southern California Wind Energy to Turbine Characteristics," Wind Energy, 17(1), pp. 141-159.
20. Fuglsang, P., and Thomsen, K., 1998, "Cost Optimization of Wind Turbines for Large-Scale Off-Shore Wind Farms," Technical Report No. Risø-R-1000, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark.
21. Haughton, J., Giuffre, D., Barrett, J., and Tuerck, D. G., 2004, "An Economic Analysis of a Wind Farm in Nantucket Sound," see http://www.beaconhill.org/BHIStudies/Windmills2004/WindFarmArmyCorps.pdf.
22. Dykes, K., Ning, A., Graf, P., Scott, G., Damiani, R., Hand, M., Meadows, R., Musial, W., Moriarty, P., and Veers, P., 2012, "Sensitivity Analysis of Offshore Wind Cost of Energy," Technical Report No. NREL/PO-5000-56411, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.
23. Dinwoodie, I., and McMillan, D., 2012, "Sensitivity of Offshore Wind Turbine Operation & Maintenance Costs to Operational Parameters," Proceedings of the 42nd ESReDA Seminar on Risk and Reliability for Wind Energy and other Renewable Sources.
24. Martínez, E., Jiménez, E., Blanco, J., and Sanz, F., 2010, "LCA Sensitivity Analysis of a Multi-Megawatt Wind Turbine," Appl. Energy, 87(7), pp. 2293-2303.
25. Gu, Y., Xie, L., Rollow, B., and Hesselbaek, B., 2011, "Congestion-Induced Wind Curtailment: Sensitivity Analysis and Case Studies," Proceedings of the North American Power Symposium, IEEE.
26. Zack, J., Natenberg, E., Young, S., Manobianco, J., and Kamath, C., 2010, "Application of Ensemble Sensitivity Analysis to Observation Targeting for Short-Term Wind Speed Forecasting," Technical Report No. LLNL-TR- 458086, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA.
27. Osborn, J., Wood, F., Richey, C., Sanders, S., Short, W., and Koomey, J., 2001, "A Sensitivity Analysis of the Treatment of Wind Energy in the AEO99 Version of NEMS," Technical Report No. LBNL-44070/TP-28529, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory/National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Berkeley, CA/Golden, CO.
28. Steinbuch, M., de Boer, W., Bosgra, O., Peters, S., and Ploeg, J., 1988, "Optimal Control of Wind Power Plants," J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 27(1-3), pp. 237-246.
29. Johnson, K. E., and Thomas, N., 2009, "Wind Farm Control: Addressing the Aerodynamic Interaction Among Wind Turbines," Proceedings of the American Control Conference (ACC).
30. Brand, M. S. A. J., and Wisniewski, R., 2011, "A Wind Farm Controller for Load and Power Optimization in a Farm," Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Aided Control System Design (CACSD).
31. Kusiak, A., and Song, Z., 2010, "Design of Wind Farm Layout for Maximum Wind Energy Capture," Renewable Energy, 35, pp. 685-694.
32. Marden, J. R., Ruben, S. D., and Pao, L. Y., 2013, "A Model-Free Approach to Wind Farm Control Using Game Theoretic Methods," IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol., 21(4), pp. 1207-1214.
33. GE Energy, 2009, "GE 1.5MW Wind Turbine Series," see http://geosci. uchicago.edu/m~oyer/GEOS24705/Readings/GEA14954C15-MW-Broch.pdf (last accessed Jan 2015).
34. Hansen, M. O. L., 2008, Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines, 2nd ed., Earthscan, Sterling, VA.
35. Sørensen, J. N., and Myken, A., 1992, "Unsteady Actuator Disc Model for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines," J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 39(1-3), pp. 139-149.
36. Larsen, G. C., Madsen, H. A., Bingöl, F., Mann, J., Ott, S., Sørensen, J. N., Okulov, V., Troldborg, N., Nielsen, M., Thomsen, K., Larsen, T. J., and Mikkelsen, R., 2007, "Dynamic Wake Meandering Modeling," Technical Report No. Risø-R-1607, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark.
37. Churchfield, M., and Lee, S., 2012, "High-fidelity analysis of wind plant and wind turbine fluid physics and structural response using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and FAST," See wind.nrel.gov/designcodes/simulators/SOWFA/ (last accessed Jan. 2015).
38. Fleming, P., Gebraad, P., Churchfield, M., Lee, S., Johnson, K., Michalakes, J., and van Wingerden, J.-W., 2013, "Sowfa+Super Controller User's Manual," National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.
39. Annoni, J., Seiler, P., Johnson, K., Fleming, P., and Gebraad, P., 2014, "Evaluating Wake Models for Wind Farm Control," Proceedings of the American Control Conference (ACC).
40. Gaumond, M., Réthoré, P.-E., Bechmann, A., Ott, S., Larsen, G. C., Pena Diaz, A., and Kurt, K. S., 2012, "Benchmarking of Wind Turbine Wake Models in Large Offshore Windfarms," Proceedings of the Science of Making Torque From Wind.
41. Beaucage, P., Brower, M., Robinson, N., and Alonge, C., 2012, "Overview of Six Commercial and Research Wake Models for Large Offshore Wind Farms," Proceedings of the European Wind Energy Associate (EWEA).
42. Barthelmie, R., and Pryor, S. C., 2013, "An Overview of Data for Wake Model Evaluation in the Virtual Wakes Laboratory," Appl. Energy, 104, pp. 838-844.
43. Herbert-Acero, J. F., Probst, O., Réthoré, P.-E., Larsen, G. C., and Castillo-Villar, K. K., 2014, "A Review of Methodological Approaches for the Design and Optimization of Wind Farms," Energies, 7(11), pp. 6930-7016.
44. Garza, J., Blatt, A., Gandoin, R., and Hui, S., 2011, "Evaluation of Two Novel Wake Models in Offshore Wind Farms," Proceedings of the European Wind Energy Associate Offshore Conference.
45. Ott, S., Berg, J., and Nielsen, M., 2011, "Linearised CFD Models for Wakes," Technical Report No. Risø-R-1772, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark.
46. Chowdhury, S., Zhang, J., Messac, A., and Castillo, L., 2012, "Characterizing the Influence of Land Area and Nameplate Capacity on the Optimal Wind Farm Performance," Proceedings of the 6th ASME International Conference on Energy Sustainability, pp. 1349-1359.
47. Denholm, P., Hand, M., Jackson, M., and Ong, S., 2009, "Land-Use Requirements of Modern Wind Power Plants in the United States," Technical Report No. NREL/TP-6A2-45834, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.
48. Chowdhury, S., Tong, W., Messac, A., and Zhang, J., 2013, "A Mixed-Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm With Explicit Diversity-Preservation," Struct. Multidisc. Optim., 47(3), pp. 367-388.
49. Saltelli, A., and Bolado, R., 1998, "An Alternative Way to Compute Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (FAST)," Comput. Stat. Data Anal., 26(4), pp. 445-460.
50. Cukier, R. I., Fortuin, C. M., Shuler, K. E., Petschek, A. G., and Schaibly, J. H., 1973, "Study of the Sensitivity of Coupled Reaction Systems to Uncertainties in Rate Coefficients. I Theory," J. Chem. Phys., 59(8), pp. 3873-3878.
51. Schaibly, J. H., and Shuler, K. E., 1973, "Study of the Sensitivity of Coupled Reaction Systems to Uncertainties in Rate Coefficients. II. Applications," J. Chem. Phys., 59(8), pp. 3879-3888.
52. Cukier, R. I., Levine, H. B., and Shuler, K. E., 1975, "Study of the Sensitivity of Coupled Reaction Systems to Uncertainties in Rate Coefficients. III. Analysis of the Approximations," J. Chem. Phys., 63(3), pp. 1140-1149.
53. Cukier, R. I., 1978, "Nonlinear Sensitivity Analysis of Multiparameter Model Systems," J. Comput. Phys., 26(1), pp. 1-42.
54. IEC-61400-1, 2005, Wind Turbines-Part 1: Design Requirements, 3rd ed., International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva, Switzerland.