Mass flows and fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the wastewater treatment plant of a fluorochemical manufacturing facility

Science of the Total Environment

Volumn 576, Issue , 2017, Pages 549-558

  Dauchy, Xavier ^a   Boiteux, Virginie ^a   Bach, Cristina ^a   Colin, Adeline ^a   Hemard, Jessica ^a   Rosin, Christophe ^a   Munoz, Jean François ^a  

^a FRENCH AGENCY FOR FOOD   (France)

Author keywords

Fluorochemical facility; PFAS; Sewage sludge; Soil; Wastewater

Indexed keywords

EFFLUENT TREATMENT; INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS; INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT; MANUFACTURE; MASS TRANSFER; RECLAMATION; SEWAGE PUMPING PLANTS; SEWAGE SLUDGE; SOILS; SULFUR COMPOUNDS; WASTEWATER; WASTEWATER TREATMENT; WATER TREATMENT PLANTS;

FLUOROTELOMER SULFONAMIDE ALKYLBETAINE; INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS; MANUFACTURING FACILITY; OXIDATIVE CONVERSION; PERFLUOROALKYL CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; PFAS; POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES; WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS;

EFFLUENTS;

ALIPHATIC COMPOUND; FLUORINE; FLUOROTELOMER SULFONAMIDE ALKYLBETAINE; FLUOROTELOMER SULFONAMIDE PROPYL N,N DIMETHYLAMINE; POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; SEWAGE; SLUDGE; SOIL POLLUTION; WASTE FACILITY; WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT;

ADSORPTION; ARTICLE; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); DEGRADATION; EFFLUENT; FLOW; FLOW RATE; MASS FLOW; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RIVER; SLUDGE; WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT; WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT; WATER SAMPLING;

EID: 84993982601     PISSN: 00489697     EISSN: 18791026     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.130     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Ahrens, L., Felizeter, S., Sturm, R., Xie, Z., Ebinghaus, R., Polyfluorinated compounds in waste water treatment plant effluents and surface waters along the river Elbe, Germany. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 58:9 (2009), 1326–1333.
2. Ahrens, L., Norstrom, K., Viktor, T., Cousins, A.P., Josefsson, S., Stockholm Arlanda Airport as a source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to water, sediment and fish. Chemosphere 129 (2015), 33–38.
3. Ahrens, L., Shoeib, M., Harner, T., Lee, S.C., Guo, R., Reiner, E.J., Wastewater treatment plant and landfills as sources of polyfluoroalkyl compounds to the atmosphere. Environ. Sci. Technol. 45:19 (2011), 8098–8105.
4. Arvaniti, O.S., Andersen, H.R., Thomaidis, N.S., Stasinakis, A.S., Sorption of perfluorinated compounds onto different types of sewage sludge and assessment of its importance during wastewater treatment. Chemosphere 111 (2014), 405–411.
5. Arvaniti, O.S., Ventouri, E.I., Stasinakis, A.S., Thomaidis, N.S., Occurrence of different classes of perfluorinated compounds in Greek wastewater treatment plants and determination of their solid-water distribution coefficients. J. Hazard. Mater. 239-240 (2012), 24–31.
6. Bach, C., Boiteux, V., Hemard, J., Colin, A., Rosin, C., Munoz, J.-F., Dauchy, X., Simultaneous determination of perfluoroalkyl iodides, perfluoroalkane sulfonamides, fluorotelomer alcohols, fluorotelomer iodides and fluorotelomer acrylates and methacrylates in water and sediments using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1448 (2016), 98–106.
7. Becker, A.M., Gerstmann, S., Frank, H., Perfluorooctane surfactants in waste waters, the major source of river pollution. Chemosphere 72:1 (2008), 115–121.
8. Boiteux, V., Bach, C., Sagres, V., Hemard, J., Colin, A., Rosin, C., Munoz, J.-F., Dauchy, X., Analysis of 29 per- and polyfluorinated compounds in water, sediment, soil and sludge by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 96:8 (2016), 705–728.
9. Bossi, R., Strand, J., Sortkjær, O., Larsen, M.M., Perfluoroalkyl compounds in Danish wastewater treatment plants and aquatic environments. Environ. Int. 34:4 (2008), 443–450.
10. Buck, R.C., Franklin, J., Berger, U., Conder, J.M., Cousins, I.T., de Voogt, P., Jensen, A.A., Kannan, K., Mabury, S.A., van Leeuwen, S.P., Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment: terminology, classification, and origins. Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. 7:4 (2011), 513–541.
11. Campo, J., Masia, A., Pico, Y., Farre, M., Barcelo, D., Distribution and fate of perfluoroalkyl substances in Mediterranean Spanish sewage treatment plants. Sci. Total Environ. 472 (2014), 912–922.
12. Castiglioni, S., Valsecchi, S., Polesello, S., Rusconi, M., Melis, M., Palmiotto, M., Manenti, A., Davoli, E., Zuccato, E., Sources and fate of perfluorinated compounds in the aqueous environment and in drinking water of a highly urbanized and industrialized area in Italy. J. Hazard. Mater. 282 (2015), 51–60.
13. Dauchy, X., Boiteux, V., Rosin, C., Munoz, J.F., Relationship between industrial discharges and contamination of raw water resources by perfluorinated compounds. Part I: case study of a fluoropolymer manufacturing plant. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 89:3 (2012), 525–530.
14. Dauchy, X., Boiteux, V., Rosin, C., Munoz, J.F., Relationship between industrial discharges and contamination of raw water resources by perfluorinated compounds: part II: case study of a fluorotelomer polymer manufacturing plant. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 89:3 (2012), 531–536.
15. Dinglasan-Panlilio, M.J.A., Mabury, S.A., Significant residual fluorinated alcohols present in various fluorinated materials. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40:5 (2006), 1447–1453.
16. Dinglasan, M.J.A., Ye, Y., Edwards, E.A., Mabury, S.A., Fluorotelomer Alcohol Biodegradation Yields Poly- and Perfluorinated Acids. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38:10 (2004), 2857–2864.
17. Guerra, P., Kim, M., Kinsman, L., Ng, T., Alaee, M., Smyth, S.A., Parameters affecting the formation of perfluoroalkyl acids during wastewater treatment. J. Hazard. Mater. 272 (2014), 148–154.
18. Hagenaars, A., Meyer, I.J., Herzke, D., Pardo, B.G., Martinez, P., Pabon, M., De Coen, W., Knapen, D., The search for alternative aqueous film forming foams (AFFF) with a low environmental impact: physiological and transcriptomic effects of two Forafac® fluorosurfactants in turbot. Aquat. Toxicol. 104:3–4 (2011), 168–176.
19. Harding-Marjanovic, K.C., Houtz, E.F., Yi, S., Field, J.A., Sedlak, D.L., Alvarez-Cohen, L., Aerobic biotransformation of fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonate (Lodyne) in AFFF-amended microcosms. Environ. Sci. Technol. 49:13 (2015), 7666–7674.
20. Higgins, C.P., Luthy, R.G., Sorption of perfluorinated surfactants on sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40:23 (2006), 7251–7256.
21. Houtz, E.F., Sedlak, D.L., Oxidative conversion as a means of detecting precursors to perfluoroalkyl acids in urban runoff. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46:17 (2012), 9342–9349.
22. Kim, S.K., Im, J.K., Kang, Y.M., Jung, S.Y., Kho, Y.L., Zoh, K.D., Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs)-derived national discharge loads of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). J. Hazard. Mater. 201-202 (2012), 82–91.
23. Kissa, E., Fluorinated Surfactants and Repellents. 2001, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
24. Kunacheva, C., Tanaka, S., Fujii, S., Boontanon, S.K., Musirat, C., Wongwattana, T., Shivakoti, B.R., Mass flows of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in central wastewater treatment plants of industrial zones in Thailand. Chemosphere 83:6 (2011), 737–744.
25. Lin, A.Y.-C., Panchangam, S.C., Lo, C.-C., The impact of semiconductor, electronics and optoelectronic industries on downstream perfluorinated chemical contamination in Taiwanese rivers. Environ. Pollut. 157:4 (2009), 1365–1372.
26. Loganathan, B.G., Sajwan, K.S., Sinclair, E., Senthil Kumar, K., Kannan, K., Perfluoroalkyl sulfonates and perfluorocarboxylates in two wastewater treatment facilities in Kentucky and Georgia. Water Res. 41:20 (2007), 4611–4620.
27. Ma, R., Shih, K., Perfluorochemicals in wastewater treatment plants and sediments in Hong Kong. Environ. Pollut. 158:5 (2010), 1354–1362.
28. Moe, M.K., Huber, S., Svenson, J., Hagenaars, A., Pabon, M., Trümper, M., Berger, U., Knapen, D., Herzke, D., The structure of the fire fighting foam surfactant Forafac®1157 and its biological and photolytic transformation products. Chemosphere 89:7 (2012), 869–875.
29. Pabon, M., Corpart, J.M., Fluorinated surfactants: synthesis, properties, effluent treatment. J. Fluor. Chem. 114:2 (2002), 149–156.
30. Pan, Y., Shi, Y., Wang, J., Cai, Y., Evaluation of perfluorinated compounds in seven wastewater treatment plants in Beijing urban areas. SCIENCE CHINA Chem. 54:3 (2011), 552–558.
31. Perkola, N., Sainio, P., Survey of perfluorinated alkyl acids in Finnish effluents, storm water, landfill leachate and sludge. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 20:11 (2013), 7979–7987.
32. Prevedouros, K., Cousins, I.T., Buck, R.C., Korzeniowski, S.H., Sources, fate and transport of perfluorocarboxylates. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40:1 (2006), 32–44.
33. Schultz, M.M., Barofsky, D.F., Field, J.A., Quantitative determination of fluorotelomer sulfonates in groundwater by LC MS/MS. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38:6 (2004), 1828–1835.
34. Schultz, M.M., Higgins, C.P., Huset, C.A., Luthy, R.G., Barofsky, D.F., Field, J.A., Fluorochemical mass flows in a municipal wastewater treatment facility. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40:23 (2006), 7350–7357.
35. Shivakoti, B.R., Tanaka, S., Fujii, S., Kunacheva, C., Boontanon, S.K., Musirat, C., Seneviratne, S.T.M.L.D., Tanaka, H., Occurrences and behavior of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in several wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Japan and Thailand. J. Environ. Monit. 12:6 (2010), 1255–1264.
36. Sinclair, E., Kannan, K., Mass loading and fate of perfluoroalkyl surfactants in wastewater treatment plants. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40:5 (2006), 1408–1414.
37. Skutlarek, D., Exner, M., Färber, H., Perfluorinated surfactants in surface and drinking waters. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 13:5 (2006), 299–307.
38. Sun, H., Zhang, X., Wang, L., Zhang, T., Li, F., He, N., Alder, A.C., Perfluoroalkyl compounds in municipal WWTPs in Tianjin, China-concentrations, distribution and mass flow. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 19:5 (2012), 1405–1415.
39. US-EPA, Fact Sheet: 2010/2015 PFOA Stewardship Program. https://www.epa.gov/assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca/fact-sheet-20102015-pfoa-stewardship-program#what, 2006.
40. Vierke, L., Ahrens, L., Shoeib, M., Reiner, E.J., Guo, R., Palm, W.-U., Ebinghaus, R., Harner, T., Air concentrations and particle–gas partitioning of polyfluoroalkyl compounds at a wastewater treatment plant. Environ. Chem. 8:4 (2011), 363–371.
41. Wagner, A., Raue, B., Brauch, H.J., Worch, E., Lange, F.T., Determination of adsorbable organic fluorine from aqueous environmental samples by adsorption to polystyrene-divinylbenzene based activated carbon and combustion ion chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 1295 (2013), 82–89.
42. Wang, N., Liu, J., Buck, R.C., Korzeniowski, S.H., Wolstenholme, B.W., Folsom, P.W., Sulecki, L.M., 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate aerobic biotransformation in activated sludge of waste water treatment plants. Chemosphere 82:6 (2011), 853–858.
43. Wang, Y., Fu, J., Wang, T., Liang, Y., Pan, Y., Cai, Y., Jiang, G., Distribution of perfluorooctane sulfonate and other perfluorochemicals in the ambient environment around a manufacturing facility in China. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44:21 (2010), 8062–8067.
44. Washington, J.W., Naile, J.E., Jenkins, T.M., Lynch, D.G., Characterizing fluorotelomer and polyfluoroalkyl substances in new and aged fluorotelomer-based polymers for degradation studies with GC/MS and LC/MS/MS. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48:10 (2014), 5762–5769.
45. Weinberg, I., Dreyer, A., Ebinghaus, R., Waste water treatment plants as sources of polyfluorinated compounds, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and musk fragrances to ambient air. Environ. Pollut. 159:1 (2011), 125–132.
46. Weiner, B., Yeung, L.W.Y., Marchington, E.B., D'Agostino, L.A., Mabury, S.A., Organic fluorine content in aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs) and biodegradation of the foam component 6:2 fluorotelomermercaptoalkylamido sulfonate (6:2 FTSAS). Environ. Chem. 10:6 (2013), 486–493.
47. Xiao, F., Halbach, T.R., Simcik, M.F., Gulliver, J.S., Input characterization of perfluoroalkyl substances in wastewater treatment plants: source discrimination by exploratory data analysis. Water Res. 46:9 (2012), 3101–3109.
48. Yu, J., Hu, J., Tanaka, S., Fujii, S., Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in sewage treatment plants. Water Res. 43:9 (2009), 2399–2408.
49. Zhang, S., Lu, X., Wang, N., Buck, R.C., Biotransformation potential of 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTSA) in aerobic and anaerobic sediment. Chemosphere 154 (2016), 224–230.
50. Zhao, L., McCausland, P.K., Folsom, P.W., Wolstenholme, B.W., Sun, H., Wang, N., Buck, R.C., 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol aerobic biotransformation in activated sludge from two domestic wastewater treatment plants. Chemosphere 92:4 (2013), 464–470.