The Internal Structure of Positive and Negative Affect: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the PANAS

Educational and Psychological Measurement

Volumn 70, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 125-141

  Tuccitto, Daniel E ^a   Giacobbi, Peter R ^b   Leite, Walter L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

Author keywords

affect dimensions; CFA; measurement validity; mood content categories; PANAS

Indexed keywords

EID: 84993699097     PISSN: 00131644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0013164409344522     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education. (1999). Standards for educational and psychological testing. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
2. Costa, P.T., & McCrae, R.R. (1980). Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on subjective well-being: Happy and unhappy people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 668-678.
3. Costa, P.T., & McCrae, R.R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
4. Crawford, J.R. (2003). SBDIFF. Retrieved September 19, 2007, from http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~psy086/dept/sbdiff.htm
5. Crawford, J.R., & Henry, J.D. (2004). The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS): Construct validity, measurement properties and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43, 245-265.
6. Crocker, P.R.E. (1997). A confirmatory factor analysis of the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) with a youth sport sample. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19, 91-97.
7. Dielman, T.E., Leech, S.L., Miller, M.V., & Moss, G.E. (1991). Sex and age interactions with the structural interview global Type A behavior pattern and hostility in the prediction of health behaviors. Multivariate Experimental Clinical Research, 10, 67-83.
8. Duda, J.L., & Nicholls, J.G. (1992). Dimensions of achievement motivation in schoolwork and sport. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84, 290-299.
9. Ekkekakis, P., & Petruzzello, S.J. (2000). Analysis of the affect measurement conundrum in exercise psychology. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 1, 71-88.
10. Gold, R.S., & Skinner, M.J. (1992). Situational factors and thought processes associated with unprotected intercourse in young gay men. AIDS, 6, 1021-1030.
11. Hu, L., & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55.
12. Joiner, T.E., Jr., Sandin, B., Chorot, P., Lostao, L., & Marquina, G. (1997). Development and factor analytic validation of the SPANAS among women in Spain: (More) cross-cultural convergence in the structure of mood. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68, 600-615.
13. Jolly, J.B., Dyck, M.J., Kramer, T.A., & Wherry, J.N. (1994). Integration of positive and negative affectivity and cognitive content specificity: Improved discrimination of anxious and depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 544-552.
14. Jöreskog, K.G., & Sörbom, D. (1996). LISREL 8 user's reference guide. Chicago: Scientific Software International.
15. Kelsey, K.S., DeVellis, B.M., Begum, M., Belton, L., Hooten, E.G., & Campbell, M.K. (2006). Positive affective, exercise, and self-reported health in blue-collar women. American Journal of Health Behavior, 30, 199-207.
16. Lazarus, R.S. (1999). Stress and emotion: A new synthesis. New York: Springer.
17. Lonigan, C.J., Hooe, E.S., David, C.F., & Kistner, J.A. (1999). Positive and negative affectivity in children: Confirmatory factor analysis of a two-factor model and its relation to symptoms of anxiety and depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67, 374-386.
18. Marsh, H.W., Hau, K.T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler's (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11, 320-341.
19. McChargue, D., Cohen, L., & Cook, J. (2004). The influence of personality and affect on nicotine dependence among male college students. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 6, 287-294.
20. Mehrabian, A. (1998). Comparison of the PAD and PANAS as models for describing emotions and for differentiating anxiety from depression. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioural Assessment, 19, 331-357.
21. Melvin, G.A., & Molloy, G.N. (2000). Some psychometric properties of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule among Australian youth. Psychological Reports, 86, 1209-1212.
22. Molloy, G.N., Pallant, J.F., & Kantas, A. (2001). A psychometric comparison of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule across age and sex. Psychological Reports, 88, 861-862.
23. Popper, K.R. (1962). Conjectures and refutations: The growth of scientific knowledge. New York: Harper & Row.
24. Raykov, T. (2001). Estimation of congeneric scale reliability using covariance structure analysis with nonlinear constraints. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 54, 315-323.
25. Satorra, A., & Bentler, P.M. (2001). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika, 66, 507-514.
26. Terracciano, A., McCrae, R.R., & Costa, P.T., Jr. (2003). Factorial and construct validity of the Italian Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 19, 131-141.
27. Wang, W.C., & Cunningham, E.G. (2005). Comparison of alternative estimation methods in confirmatory factor analyses of the general health questionnaire. Psychological Reports, 97, 3-10.
28. Watson, D., Clark, L.A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1063-1070.
29. Zevon, M.A., & Tellegen, A. (1982). The structure of mood change: An idiographic/nomothetic analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 111-122.