메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 109-122

Are women “cooler” than men during crises? Exploring gender differences in perceiving organisational crisis preparedness proneness

Author keywords

Gender; Leadership; Managers; Organizational behaviour; Organizational conflict; Sampling methods

Indexed keywords


EID: 84992933442     PISSN: 09649425     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/09649420410525315     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (42)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 0000142026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing women and men: what is being compared and why?
    • Archer, J. (1996), “Comparing women and men: what is being compared and why?”, American Psychologist, Vol. 51, pp. 153-154.
    • (1996) American Psychologist , vol.51 , pp. 153-154
    • Archer, J.1
  • 3
    • 0347999700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics and dilemmas of women leading women
    • Bartunek, J.M., Walsh, K. and Lacey, C.A. (2000), “Dynamics and dilemmas of women leading women”, Organization Science, Vol. 11 No. 6, pp. 589-610.
    • (2000) Organization Science , vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp. 589-610
    • Bartunek, J.M.1    Walsh, K.2    Lacey, C.A.3
  • 6
    • 0033936941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Questioning the notion of feminine leadership: a critical perspective on the gender labeling of leadership
    • Billing, Y.D. and Alvesson, M. (2000), “Questioning the notion of feminine leadership: a critical perspective on the gender labeling of leadership”, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 7 No. 3, pp. 144-157.
    • (2000) Gender, Work and Organization , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 144-157
    • Billing, Y.D.1    Alvesson, M.2
  • 7
    • 0031505906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of managerial helping responses based on social role theory
    • Bowes-Sperry, L., Veiga, J.F. and Yanouzas, J.N. (1997), “An analysis of managerial helping responses based on social role theory”, Group & Organization Management, Vol. 22 No. 4, pp. 445-459.
    • (1997) Group & Organization Management , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 445-459
    • Bowes-Sperry, L.1    Veiga, J.F.2    Yanouzas, J.N.3
  • 8
    • 0001909803 scopus 로고
    • The escalation of commitment to a failing course of action: toward theoretical progress
    • Brockner, J. (1992), “The escalation of commitment to a failing course of action: toward theoretical progress”, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 39-61.
    • (1992) Academy of Management Review , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-61
    • Brockner, J.1
  • 9
    • 0002638315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-viewing gender, leadership and managerial behavior: do three decades of research tell us anything?
    • Sage Thousand Oaks, CA
    • Butterfield, D.A. and Grinnell, J.P. (1999), “Re-viewing gender, leadership and managerial behavior: do three decades of research tell us anything?”, in Ed. Powell, G.N. (Ed.), Handbook of Gender & Work, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, pp. 223-238.
    • (1999) Handbook of Gender & Work , pp. 223-238
    • Butterfield, D.A.1    Grinnell, J.P.2
  • 10
    • 0033411103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in risk-taking: a meta-analysis
    • Byrnes, J.P., Miller, D.C. and Schafer, W.D. (1999), “Gender differences in risk-taking: a meta-analysis”, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 125 No. 3, pp. 367-383.
    • (1999) Psychological Bulletin , vol.125 , Issue.3 , pp. 367-383
    • Byrnes, J.P.1    Miller, D.C.2    Schafer, W.D.3
  • 12
    • 72249112461 scopus 로고
    • Top managerial prestige and organizational bankruptcy
    • D’Aveni, R.A. (1990), “Top managerial prestige and organizational bankruptcy”, Organization Science, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 121-142.
    • (1990) Organization Science , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-142
    • D’Aveni, R.A.1
  • 13
    • 0002736718 scopus 로고
    • The theory of the business
    • Drucker, P. (1994), “The theory of the business”, Harvard Business Review, September-October, pp. 95-104.
    • (1994) Harvard Business Review , pp. 95-104
    • Drucker, P.1
  • 14
    • 0002765782 scopus 로고
    • Gender and leadership style: transformational and transactional leadership in the Roman Catholic church
    • Druskat, V.U. (1994), “Gender and leadership style: transformational and transactional leadership in the Roman Catholic church”, The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 5 No. 2, pp. 99-119.
    • (1994) The Leadership Quarterly , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 99-119
    • Druskat, V.U.1
  • 15
    • 0036671198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of transformational leadership on follower development and performance: a field experiment
    • Dvir, T., Eden, D., Avolio, B.J. and Shamir, B. (2002), “Impact of transformational leadership on follower development and performance: a field experiment”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 45 No. 4, pp. 535-745.
    • (2002) Academy of Management Journal , vol.45 , Issue.4 , pp. 535-745
    • Dvir, T.1    Eden, D.2    Avolio, B.J.3    Shamir, B.4
  • 16
    • 0035209117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The leadership styles of women and men
    • Eagly, A.H. and Johannesen-Schmidt, M.C. (2001), “The leadership styles of women and men”, Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 57 No. 4, pp. 781-797.
    • (2001) Journal of Social Issues , vol.57 , Issue.4 , pp. 781-797
    • Eagly, A.H.1    Johannesen-Schmidt, M.C.2
  • 17
    • 0001232190 scopus 로고
    • Gender and leadership style: a meta-analysis
    • Eagly, A.H. and Johnson, B.T. (1990), “Gender and leadership style: a meta-analysis”, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 108 No. 2, pp. 233-256.
    • (1990) Psychological Bulletin , vol.108 , Issue.2 , pp. 233-256
    • Eagly, A.H.1    Johnson, B.T.2
  • 18
    • 0001983842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social role theory of sex differences and similarities: a current appraisal
    • Erlbaum Mawah, NJ
    • Eagly, A.H., Wood, W. and Diekman, A.B. (2000), “Social role theory of sex differences and similarities: a current appraisal”, in Ed. Eckes, T. and Ed. Trautner, H.M. (Eds), The Developmental Social Psychology of Gender, Erlbaum, Mawah, NJ, pp. 123-174.
    • (2000) The Developmental Social Psychology of Gender , pp. 123-174
    • Eagly, A.H.1    Wood, W.2    Diekman, A.B.3
  • 19
    • 84989078882 scopus 로고
    • Strategic groups as reference groups: theory, modeling and empirical examination of industry and competitive strategy
    • Feigenbaum, A. and Thomas, H. (1995), “Strategic groups as reference groups: theory, modeling and empirical examination of industry and competitive strategy”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 16, pp. 461-476.
    • (1995) Strategic Management Journal , vol.16 , pp. 461-476
    • Feigenbaum, A.1    Thomas, H.2
  • 20
    • 0000138053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gendered organizational cultures: narratives of women travelers in a male world
    • Gherardi, S. (1996), “Gendered organizational cultures: narratives of women travelers in a male world”, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 3 No. 4, pp. 187-201.
    • (1996) Gender, Work and Organization , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 187-201
    • Gherardi, S.1
  • 21
    • 84993002651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The power 50: why are women more successful in some countries than in others
    • Guyon, J. and Murphy, C. (2002), “The power 50: why are women more successful in some countries than in others”, Fortune, 14 October, pp. 50-57.
    • (2002) Fortune , pp. 50-57
    • Guyon, J.1    Murphy, C.2
  • 22
    • 0000585667 scopus 로고
    • Top team deterioration as part of the downward spiral of large corporate bankruptcies
    • Hambrick, D.C. and D’Aveni, R.A. (1992), “Top team deterioration as part of the downward spiral of large corporate bankruptcies”, Management Science, Vol. 38 No. 10, pp. 1445-1466.
    • (1992) Management Science , vol.38 , Issue.10 , pp. 1445-1466
    • Hambrick, D.C.1    D’Aveni, R.A.2
  • 25
    • 0007149784 scopus 로고
    • Debate: ways men and women lead (Letters to the editor)
    • Kanter, R.M. (1991), “Debate: ways men and women lead (Letters to the editor)”, Harvard Business Review, January-February, pp. 150-160.
    • (1991) Harvard Business Review , pp. 150-160
    • Kanter, R.M.1
  • 26
    • 0005431279 scopus 로고
    • Perception and organizational crisis management
    • Kuklan, H. (1988), “Perception and organizational crisis management”, Theory and Decision, Vol. 25, pp. 259-274.
    • (1988) Theory and Decision , vol.25 , pp. 259-274
    • Kuklan, H.1
  • 27
    • 0002716863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing organizations for competitive advantage: the power of unlearning and learning
    • Lei, D., Slocum, J.W. and Pitts, R.A. (1999), “Designing organizations for competitive advantage: the power of unlearning and learning”, Organizational Dynamics, Winter, pp. 24-38.
    • (1999) Organizational Dynamics , pp. 24-38
    • Lei, D.1    Slocum, J.W.2    Pitts, R.A.3
  • 29
    • 0005049310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of transformational and transactional leadership: a meta-analytic review of the MLQ literature
    • Lowe, K.B., Kroeck, K.G. and Sivasubramaniam, N. (1996), “Effectiveness of transformational and transactional leadership: a meta-analytic review of the MLQ literature”, Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 7 No. 3, pp. 385-425.
    • (1996) Leadership Quarterly , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 385-425
    • Lowe, K.B.1    Kroeck, K.G.2    Sivasubramaniam, N.3
  • 30
    • 0002665067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narcissitic leaders
    • Maccoby, M. (2000), “Narcissitic leaders”, Harvard Business Review, January-February, pp. 69-77.
    • (2000) Harvard Business Review , pp. 69-77
    • Maccoby, M.1
  • 31
    • 0002719489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategic innovation in established companies
    • Markides, C. (1998), “Strategic innovation in established companies”, Sloan Management Review, Vol. 39 No. 3, pp. 31-42.
    • (1998) Sloan Management Review , vol.39 , Issue.3 , pp. 31-42
    • Markides, C.1
  • 32
    • 0002078649 scopus 로고
    • Preventing corporate crises: stock market losses as a deterrent to the production of hazardous products
    • Markus, A., Bromiley, A.P. and Goodman, R. (1987), “Preventing corporate crises: stock market losses as a deterrent to the production of hazardous products”, Columbia Journal of World Business, Vol. 23, pp. 33-42.
    • (1987) Columbia Journal of World Business , vol.23 , pp. 33-42
    • Markus, A.1    Bromiley, A.P.2    Goodman, R.3
  • 33
    • 0020433862 scopus 로고
    • Adapting to environmental jolts
    • Meyer, A.D. (1982), “Adapting to environmental jolts”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 27, pp. 515-536.
    • (1982) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.27 , pp. 515-536
    • Meyer, A.D.1
  • 35
    • 0344014920 scopus 로고
    • The architecture of simplicity
    • Miller, D. (1992), “The architecture of simplicity”, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 116-138.
    • (1992) Academy of Management Review , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 116-138
    • Miller, D.1
  • 36
    • 0000455278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cockpits, hangars, boys and galleys: corporate masculinities and the development of British Airways
    • Mills, A.J. (1998), “Cockpits, hangars, boys and galleys: corporate masculinities and the development of British Airways”, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 5 No. 3, pp. 172-188.
    • (1998) Gender, Work and Organization , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 172-188
    • Mills, A.J.1
  • 38
    • 0032744131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feminist insight on gendered work: new directions in research on women and entrepreneurship
    • Mirchandani, K. (1999), “Feminist insight on gendered work: new directions in research on women and entrepreneurship”, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 6 No. 4, pp. 224-235.
    • (1999) Gender, Work and Organization , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 224-235
    • Mirchandani, K.1
  • 39
    • 0000946566 scopus 로고
    • Effective crisis management
    • Mitroff, I.I. (1987), “Effective crisis management”, Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 1 No. 3, pp. 283-292.
    • (1987) Academy of Management Executive , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 283-292
    • Mitroff, I.I.1
  • 41
    • 0038481757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptual and empirical issues in the development of a general theory of crisis management
    • Mitroff, I.I., Pauchant, T. and Shrivastava, P. (1998), “Conceptual and empirical issues in the development of a general theory of crisis management”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 33, pp. 83-107.
    • (1998) Technological Forecasting and Social Change , vol.33 , pp. 83-107
    • Mitroff, I.I.1    Pauchant, T.2    Shrivastava, P.3
  • 42
    • 84970404213 scopus 로고
    • Do (some), organizations cause their own crises? Culture profiles of crisis prone versus crisis prepared organizations
    • Mitroff, I.I., Pauchant, T., Finney, M. and Pearson, C. (1989), “Do (some), organizations cause their own crises? Culture profiles of crisis prone versus crisis prepared organizations”, Industrial Crisis Quarterly, Vol. 3, pp. 269-283.
    • (1989) Industrial Crisis Quarterly , vol.3 , pp. 269-283
    • Mitroff, I.I.1    Pauchant, T.2    Finney, M.3    Pearson, C.4
  • 43
    • 24944575644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophy husbands
    • Morris, B. (2002), “Trophy husbands”, Fortune, 14 October, pp. 59-66.
    • (2002) Fortune , pp. 59-66
    • Morris, B.1
  • 44
    • 0030496109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Business failure pathways: environmental stress and organizational response
    • Moulton, W.N., Thomas, H. and Pruett, M. (1996), “Business failure pathways: environmental stress and organizational response”, Journal of Management, Vol. 22 No. 4, pp. 571-595.
    • (1996) Journal of Management , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 571-595
    • Moulton, W.N.1    Thomas, H.2    Pruett, M.3
  • 45
    • 84980294711 scopus 로고
    • Risk reporting and the management of industrial crises
    • Nelkin, D. (1988), “Risk reporting and the management of industrial crises”, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 25 No. 4, pp. 341-351.
    • (1988) Journal of Management Studies , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 341-351
    • Nelkin, D.1
  • 46
    • 48549110174 scopus 로고
    • To avoid organizational crisis, unlearn
    • Nystrom, P.C. and Starbuck, W.H. (1984), “To avoid organizational crisis, unlearn”, Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 12 No. 4, pp. 53-64.
    • (1984) Organizational Dynamics , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 53-64
    • Nystrom, P.C.1    Starbuck, W.H.2
  • 47
    • 84965450853 scopus 로고
    • Recent research in crisis management: a study of 24 authors’ publications from 1986 to 1991
    • Pauchant, T.C. and Douville, R. (1992), “Recent research in crisis management: a study of 24 authors’ publications from 1986 to 1991”, Industrial and Environmental Crisis Quarterly, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 43-66.
    • (1992) Industrial and Environmental Crisis Quarterly , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-66
    • Pauchant, T.C.1    Douville, R.2
  • 50
    • 0002569320 scopus 로고
    • From crisis prone to crisis prepared: a framework for crisis management
    • Pearson, C.M. and Mitroff, I.I. (1993), “From crisis prone to crisis prepared: a framework for crisis management”, Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 48-59.
    • (1993) Academy of Management Executive , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 48-59
    • Pearson, C.M.1    Mitroff, I.I.2
  • 51
    • 0003069731 scopus 로고
    • One more time: do female and male managers differ?
    • Powell, G.N. (1990), “One more time: do female and male managers differ?”, Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 94 No. 3, pp. 68-75.
    • (1990) Academy of Management Executive , vol.94 , Issue.3 , pp. 68-75
    • Powell, G.N.1
  • 52
    • 0031280680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in risk behavior in financial decision-making: an experimental analysis
    • Powell, M. and Ansic, D. (1997), “Gender differences in risk behavior in financial decision-making: an experimental analysis”, Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol. 18 No. 6, pp. 605-628.
    • (1997) Journal of Economic Psychology , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 605-628
    • Powell, M.1    Ansic, D.2
  • 53
    • 0031498186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of mock bureaucracy in mining disasters: an analysis of the Westray mine explosion
    • Prasad, P. and Hynes, T. (1997), “Patterns of mock bureaucracy in mining disasters: an analysis of the Westray mine explosion”, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 34, pp. 601-623.
    • (1997) Journal of Management Studies , vol.34 , pp. 601-623
    • Prasad, P.1    Hynes, T.2
  • 54
    • 85050782493 scopus 로고
    • Preparing for the worst: the process of effective crisis management
    • Reilly, A.H. (1993), “Preparing for the worst: the process of effective crisis management”, Industrial and Environmental Crisis Quarterly, Vol. 7, pp. 144-155.
    • (1993) Industrial and Environmental Crisis Quarterly , vol.7 , pp. 144-155
    • Reilly, A.H.1
  • 55
    • 0042895160 scopus 로고
    • Why we probably will not save mankind: a natural configuration of crisis-proneness
    • Richardson, B. (1993), “Why we probably will not save mankind: a natural configuration of crisis-proneness”, Disaster Prevention and Management, Vol. 2 No. 4, pp. 32-59.
    • (1993) Disaster Prevention and Management , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 32-59
    • Richardson, B.1
  • 56
    • 0002591806 scopus 로고
    • Crisis management and management strategy – time to ‘loop the loop’?
    • Richardson, B. (1994), “Crisis management and management strategy – time to ‘loop the loop’?”, Disaster Prevention and Management, Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 59-80.
    • (1994) Disaster Prevention and Management , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 59-80
    • Richardson, B.1
  • 57
    • 84970870347 scopus 로고
    • Paradox management for crisis avoidance
    • Richardson, B. (1995), “Paradox management for crisis avoidance”, Management Decision, Vol. 33 No. 1, pp. 5-18.
    • (1995) Management Decision , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-18
    • Richardson, B.1
  • 58
    • 84968054162 scopus 로고
    • Managing high reliability organizations
    • Roberts, K.H. (1990), “Managing high reliability organizations”, California Management Review, Vol. 32 No. 4, pp. 101-113.
    • (1990) California Management Review , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 101-113
    • Roberts, K.H.1
  • 59
    • 84970404207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New challenges in organizational research: high reliability organizations
    • Roberts, K.H. (1998), “New challenges in organizational research: high reliability organizations”, Industrial Crisis Quarterly, Vol. 3, pp. 111-125.
    • (1998) Industrial Crisis Quarterly , vol.3 , pp. 111-125
    • Roberts, K.H.1
  • 60
    • 0025518327 scopus 로고
    • Ways women lead
    • Rosener, J. (1990), “Ways women lead”, Harvard Business Review, November-December, Vol. 68 No. 6, pp. 119-125.
    • (1990) Harvard Business Review , vol.68 , Issue.6 , pp. 119-125
    • Rosener, J.1
  • 61
    • 0001888966 scopus 로고
    • On the psychodynamics of organizational disaster: the case of the space shuttle Challenger
    • Schwartz, H.S. (1987), “On the psychodynamics of organizational disaster: the case of the space shuttle Challenger”, Columbia Journal of World Business, Spring, pp. 59-67.
    • (1987) Columbia Journal of World Business , pp. 59-67
    • Schwartz, H.S.1
  • 62
    • 84970442966 scopus 로고
    • Organization disaster and organization decay: the case of the national aeronautics and space administration
    • Schwartz, H. (1989), “Organization disaster and organization decay: the case of the national aeronautics and space administration”, Industrial Crisis Quarterly, Vol. 3, pp. 319-334.
    • (1989) Industrial Crisis Quarterly , vol.3 , pp. 319-334
    • Schwartz, H.1
  • 63
    • 20444433830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executives’ orientations as predictors of crisis management policies and practices
    • Sheaffer, Z. and Mano-Negrin, R. (2003), “Executives’ orientations as predictors of crisis management policies and practices”, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 40 No. 2.
    • (2003) Journal of Management Studies , vol.40 , Issue.2
    • Sheaffer, Z.1    Mano-Negrin, R.2
  • 64
    • 84980204591 scopus 로고
    • Editorial: Industrial crisis management: learning from organizational failures
    • Shrivastava, P. (1988), “Editorial: Industrial crisis management: learning from organizational failures”, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 25 No. 4, pp. 283-284.
    • (1988) Journal of Management Studies , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 283-284
    • Shrivastava, P.1
  • 65
    • 84965506931 scopus 로고
    • Crisis theory/practice: towards a sustainable future
    • Shrivastava, P. (1993), “Crisis theory/practice: towards a sustainable future”, Industrial and Environmental Crisis Quarterly, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 23-42.
    • (1993) Industrial and Environmental Crisis Quarterly , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-42
    • Shrivastava, P.1
  • 68
    • 0004260596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding business failure: learning and unlearning lessons from industrial crises
    • Stead, E. and Smallman, C. (1999), “Understanding business failure: learning and unlearning lessons from industrial crises”, The Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 1-18.
    • (1999) The Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-18
    • Stead, E.1    Smallman, C.2
  • 69
    • 0005076908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The feminization of management? Issues of ‘sameness’ and ‘difference’ in the role and experiences of female and male retail managers
    • Tomlinson, F., Brockbank, A. and Traves, J. (1997), “The feminization of management? Issues of ‘sameness’ and ‘difference’ in the role and experiences of female and male retail managers”, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 218-229.
    • (1997) Gender, Work and Organization , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 218-229
    • Tomlinson, F.1    Brockbank, A.2    Traves, J.3
  • 70
    • 84855943482 scopus 로고
    • The organizational and interorganizational development of disasters
    • Turner, B.A. (1976), “The organizational and interorganizational development of disasters”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 21, pp. 378-397.
    • (1976) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.21 , pp. 378-397
    • Turner, B.A.1
  • 71
    • 84981982436 scopus 로고
    • Causes of disaster: sloppy management
    • Turner, B.A. (1994), “Causes of disaster: sloppy management”, British Journal of Management, Vol. 5 No. 3, pp. 215-219.
    • (1994) British Journal of Management , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 215-219
    • Turner, B.A.1
  • 72
    • 0040601612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Desperately seeking differences: is management style gendered?
    • Wajcman, J.C. (1996), “Desperately seeking differences: is management style gendered?”, British Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 34 No. 3, pp. 333-349.
    • (1996) British Journal of Industrial Relations , vol.34 , Issue.3 , pp. 333-349
    • Wajcman, J.C.1
  • 73
    • 0011589688 scopus 로고
    • Organizational decline: a neglected topic in organizational science
    • Whetten, D.A. (1980a), “Organizational decline: a neglected topic in organizational science”, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 5, pp. 577-588.
    • (1980) Academy of Management Review , vol.5 , pp. 577-588
    • Whetten, D.A.1
  • 74
    • 0002157061 scopus 로고
    • Sources, responses and effects of organizational decline
    • Jossey Bass San Francisco, CA
    • Whetten, D.A. (1980b), “Sources, responses and effects of organizational decline”, in Ed. Kimberly, J.R., Ed. Miles R.H. and Associates (Eds), The Organizational Life Cycle, Jossey Bass, San Francisco, CA, pp. 342-374.
    • (1980) The Organizational Life Cycle , pp. 342-374
    • Whetten, D.A.1
  • 75
    • 0023481022 scopus 로고
    • Organizational growth and decline processes
    • Whetten, D.A. (1987), “Organizational growth and decline processes”, Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 13, pp. 335-358.
    • (1987) Annual Review of Sociology , vol.13 , pp. 335-358
    • Whetten, D.A.1
  • 76
    • 85050255346 scopus 로고
    • On gender
    • Wilson, J.Q. (1993), “On gender”, Public Interest, Vol. 112, pp. 3-26.
    • (1993) Public Interest , vol.112 , pp. 3-26
    • Wilson, J.Q.1
  • 77
    • 1842639946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences among managers and non managers: an analysis of assessment data
    • Xia, J.L. and Whyte, G. (1997), “Gender differences among managers and non managers: an analysis of assessment data”, Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, Vol. 14 No. 3, pp. 340-353.
    • (1997) Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 340-353
    • Xia, J.L.1    Whyte, G.2
  • 78
    • 0033937615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Through the brick wall, and the glass ceiling: women in the civil service in Bangladesh
    • Zafarullah, H. (2000), “Through the brick wall, and the glass ceiling: women in the civil service in Bangladesh”, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 7 No. 3, pp. 197-209.
    • (2000) Gender, Work and Organization , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 197-209
    • Zafarullah, H.1
  • 79
    • 34248023291 scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of male and female managerial communication style in two organizations
    • Birdsall, P.A. (1980), “Comparative analysis of male and female managerial communication style in two organizations”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 16, pp. 83-196.
    • (1980) Journal of Vocational Behavior , vol.16 , pp. 83-196
    • Birdsall, P.A.1
  • 80
    • 0001783782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender effects on social influence and emergent leadership
    • Sage Thousand Oaks, CA.
    • Carli, L.L. and Eagly, A.H. (1999), “Gender effects on social influence and emergent leadership”, in Ed. Powell, G.N. (Ed.), Handbook of Gender and Work, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
    • (1999) Handbook of Gender and Work
    • Carli, L.L.1    Eagly, A.H.2
  • 81
    • 0000828298 scopus 로고
    • The science and politics of comparing women and men
    • Eagly, A.H. (1995), “The science and politics of comparing women and men”, American Psychologist, Vol. 50, pp. 145-158.
    • (1995) American Psychologist , vol.50 , pp. 145-158
    • Eagly, A.H.1
  • 82
    • 84937300746 scopus 로고
    • Sex stereotypes and their effects in the workplace: what we know and what we don’t know
    • Heilman, M.E. (1995), “Sex stereotypes and their effects in the workplace: what we know and what we don’t know”, Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, Vol. 10 No. 6, pp. 3-26.
    • (1995) Journal of Social Behavior and Personality , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 3-26
    • Heilman, M.E.1
  • 83
    • 84982021425 scopus 로고
    • Decision-making, risk and gender: are managers different?
    • Johnson, J. and Powell, P. (1994), “Decision-making, risk and gender: are managers different?”, British Journal of Management, Vol. 5, pp. 123-138.
    • (1994) British Journal of Management , vol.5 , pp. 123-138
    • Johnson, J.1    Powell, P.2
  • 84
    • 84968140401 scopus 로고
    • Causes of failure in network organizations
    • Miles, R.E. and Snow, C.C. (1992), “Causes of failure in network organizations”, California Management Review, Vol. 34 No. 4, pp. 57-72.
    • (1992) California Management Review , vol.34 , Issue.4 , pp. 57-72
    • Miles, R.E.1    Snow, C.C.2
  • 86
    • 84970673839 scopus 로고
    • Transformational leadership: beyond initiation and consideration
    • Seltzer, J. and Bass, B.M. (1990), “Transformational leadership: beyond initiation and consideration”, Journal of Management, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 693-703.
    • (1990) Journal of Management , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 693-703
    • Seltzer, J.1    Bass, B.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.