Multi-method assessment of patients with febrile illness reveals over-diagnosis of malaria in rural Uganda

Malaria Journal

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2016, Pages

  Ghai, Ria R ^a,b   Thurber, Mary I ^c   El Bakry, Azza ^d   Chapman, Colin A ^e,f,g   Goldberg, Tony L ^f,h  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d MONTREAL GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^e MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^f MAKERERE UNIVERSITY   (Uganda)

^g WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

Malaria; Misdiagnosis; Plasmodium; Rapid diagnostic tests; Uganda

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC ERROR; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; DNA SEQUENCE; FEMALE; FEVER; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALARIA; MALARIA FALCIPARUM; MALARIA RAPID TEST; MALE; MICROSCOPY; PLASMODIUM MALARIAE INFECTION; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; UGANDA; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICA; AGED; BLOOD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; EVALUATION STUDY; FEVER OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN; INFANT; MIDDLE AGED; NEWBORN; PARASITOLOGY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PROCEDURES; RURAL POPULATION; VERY ELDERLY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICA; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BLOOD; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIAGNOSTIC ERRORS; DIAGNOSTIC TESTS, ROUTINE; FEMALE; FEVER OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALARIA; MALE; MICROSCOPY; MIDDLE AGED; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RURAL POPULATION; UGANDA; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84992187287     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14752875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1502-4     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Amexo M, Tolhurst R, Barnish G, Bates I. Malaria misdiagnosis: effects on the poor and vulnerable. Lancet. 2004;364:1896-8.
2. Mbonye AK, Bygbjerg IC, Magnussen P. Prevention and treatment practises and implications for malaria control in Mukono District, Uganda. J Biosoc Sci. 2008;40:283-96.
3. Ansah EK, Narh-Bana S, Epokor M, Akanpigbiam S, Quartey AA, Gyapong J, et al. Rapid testing for malaria in settings where microscopy is available and peripheral clinics where only presumptive treatment is available: a randomised controlled trial in Ghana. BMJ. 2010;340:c930.
4. Olaleye B, Williams L, D'Alessandro U, Weber M, Mulholland K, Okorie C, et al. Clinical predictors of malaria in Gambian children with fever or a history of fever. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1998;92:300-4.
5. Rooth I, Björkman A. Fever episodes in a holoendemic malaria area of Tanzania: parasitological and clinical findings and diagnostic aspects related to malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1992;86:479-82.
6. Chandramohan D, Jaffar S, Greenwood B. Use of clinical algorithms for diagnosing malaria. Trop Med Int Health. 2002;7:45-52.
7. Kilian AHD, Metzger WG, Mutschelknauss EJ, Kabagambe G, Langi P, Korte R, et al. Reliability of malaria microscopy in epidemiological studies: results of quality control. Trop Med Int Health. 2000;5:3-8.
8. Uneke C. Concurrent malaria and typhoid fever in the tropics: the diagnostic challenges and public health implications. J Vector Borne Dis. 2008;45:133-42.
9. Källander K, Nsungwa-Sabiiti J, Peterson S. Symptom overlap for malaria and pneumonia-policy implications for home management strategies. Acta Trop. 2004;90:211-4.
10. Bell D, Wongsrichanalai C, Barnwell JW. Ensuring quality and access for malaria diagnosis: how can it be achieved? Nat Rev Microbiol. 2006;4:682-95.
11. Oliver M, Develoux M, Abari A, Loutan L. Presumptive diagnosis of malaria results in a significant risk of mistreatment of children in urban Sahel. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1991;85:729-30.
12. Reyburn H, Mbatia R, Drakeley C, Carneiro I, Mwakasungula E, Mwerinde O, et al. Overdiagnosis of malaria in patients with severe febrile illness in Tanzania: a prospective study. BMJ. 2004;329:1212.
13. Redd SC, Luby SP, Hightower AW, Kazembe PN, Nwanyanwu O, Ziba C, et al. Clinical algorithm for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children. Lancet. 1996;347:223-7.
14. Wilson ML. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54:1637-41.
15. Masanja MI, McMorrow M, Kahigwa E, Kachur SP, McElroy PD. Health workers' use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to guide clinical decision making in rural dispensaries, Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010;83:1238-41.
16. WHO. World Malaria Report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015. p. 280.
17. Okello PE, Van Bortel W, Byaruhanga AM, Correwyn A, Roelants P, Talisuna A, et al. Variation in malaria transmission intensity in seven sites throughout Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006;75:219-25.
18. WHO. Guidelines for the treatment of malaria. 3rd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015. p. 313.
19. Batwala V, Magnussen P, Nuwaha F. Are rapid diagnostic tests more accurate in diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria compared to microscopy at rural health centres? Malar J. 2010;9:349.
20. Thurber MI, Ghai RR, Hyeroba D, Weny G, Tumukunde A, Chapman CA, et al. Co-infection and cross-species transmission of divergent Hepatocystis lineages in a wild African primate community. Int J Parasitol. 2013;43:613-9.
21. Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol. 1990;215:403-10.
22. Humar A, Ohrt C, Harrington MA, Pillai D, Kain KC. ParaSight F test compared with the polymerase chain reaction and microscopy for the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in travelers. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997;56:44-8.
23. Ohrt C, Purnomo Sutamihardja MA, Tang D, Kain KC. Impact of microscopy error on estimates of protective efficacy in malaria-prevention trials. J Infect Dis. 2002;186:540-6.
24. Farcas GA, Zhong KJY, Lovegrove FE, Graham CM, Kain KC. Evaluation of the Binax Now ICT test versus polymerase chain reaction and microscopy for the detection of malaria in returned travelers. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003;69:589-92.
25. Hayakawa T, Culleton R, Otani H, Horii T, Tanabe K. Big bang in the evolution of extant malaria parasites. Mol Biol Evol. 2008;25:2233-9.
26. Tyagi S, Pande V, Das A. New insights into the evolutionary history of Plasmodium falciparum from mitochondrial genome sequence analyses of Indian isolates. Mol Ecol. 2014;23:2975-87.
27. Nankabirwa J, Zurovac D, Njogu JN, Rwakimari JB, Counihan H, Snow RW, et al. Malaria misdiagnosis in Uganda - implications for policy change. Malar J. 2009;8:66.
28. Ochola LB, Vounatsou P, Smith T, Mabaso MLH, Newton C. The reliability of diagnostic techniques in the diagnosis and management of malaria in the absence of a gold standard. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6:582-8.
29. Nankabirwa JI, Yeka A, Arinaitwe E, Kigozi R, Drakeley C, Kamya MR, et al. Estimating malaria parasite prevalence from community surveys in Uganda: a comparison of microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests and polymerase chain reaction. Malar J. 2015;14:528.
30. Hopkins H, Bebell L, Kambale W, Dokomajilar C, Rosenthal PJ, Dorsey G. Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria at sites of varying transmission intensity in Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2008;197:510-8.
31. Uganda Ministry of Health. The Uganda Malaria reduction strategic plan, 2014-2020. Kampala, Uganda; 2014. p. 83.
32. D'Acremont V, Lengeler C, Mshinda H, Mtasiwa D, Tanner M, Genton B. Time to move from presumptive malaria treatment to laboratory-confirmed diagnosis and treatment in African children with fever. PLoS Med. 2009;6:e252.
33. Batwala V, Magnussen P, Hansen KS, Nuwaha F. Cost-effectiveness of malaria microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests versus presumptive diagnosis: implications for malaria control in Uganda. Malar J. 2011;10:372.