Treatment effect of sublingual immunotherapy tablets and pharmacotherapies for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis: Pooled analyses

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Volumn 138, Issue 4, 2016, Pages 1081-1088.e4

  Durham, Stephen R ^a   Creticos, Peter S ^b   Nelson, Harold S ^c   Li, Ziliang ^d   Kaur, Amarjot ^d   Meltzer, Eli O ^e   Nolte, Hendrik ^d  

^a ROYAL BROMPTON AND HAREFIELD NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d MERCK RESEARCH LABORATORIES   (United States)

^e ALLERGY AND ASTHMA MEDICAL GROUP AND RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Allergen immunotherapy; allergic rhinoconjunctivitis; antihistamine; grass; house dust mite; intranasal corticosteroid; leukotriene receptor antagonists; meta analysis; ragweed; sublingual immunotherapy tablet

Indexed keywords

DESLORATADINE; GRASS POLLEN EXTRACT; HOUSE DUST ALLERGEN; MOMETASONE FUROATE; MONTELUKAST; PLACEBO; RAGWEED POLLEN EXTRACT; ANTIALLERGIC AGENT; LORATADINE; TABLET;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CHILD; DERMATOPHAGOIDES; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PERENNIAL RHINITIS; PHLEUM PRATENSE; POLLEN ALLERGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAGWEED; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASE ASSESSMENT; RHINITIS; RHINOCONJUNCTIVITIS; SUBLINGUAL IMMUNOTHERAPY; TABLET; TOTAL NASAL SYMPTOM SCORE; VERY ELDERLY; ANALOGS AND DERIVATIVES; COMPARATIVE STUDY; IMMUNOLOGY; META ANALYSIS; RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, PERENNIAL; RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL; THERAPEUTIC USE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

AMBROSIA; ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENTS; HUMANS; LORATADINE; MOMETASONE FUROATE; PHLEUM; RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, PERENNIAL; RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL; SUBLINGUAL IMMUNOTHERAPY; TABLETS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84992169487     PISSN: 00916749     EISSN: 10976825     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.061     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. 1 Bousquet, J., Khaltaev, N., Cruz, A.A., Denburg, J., Fokkens, W.J., Togias, A., et al. Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008 update (in collaboration with the World Health Organization, GA(2)LEN and AllerGen). Allergy 63 (2008), 8–160.
2. 2 Calderon, M.A., Frankland, A.W., Demoly, P., Allergen immunotherapy and allergic rhinitis: false beliefs. BMC Med, 11, 2013, 255.
3. 3 Bielory, L., Skoner, D.P., Blaiss, M.S., Leatherman, B., Dykewicz, M.S., Smith, N., et al. Ocular and nasal allergy symptom burden in America: the Allergies, Immunotherapy, and RhinoconjunctivitiS (AIRS) surveys. Allergy Asthma Proc 35 (2014), 211–218.
4. 4 Leger, D., Annesi-Maesano, I., Carat, F., Rugina, M., Chanal, I., Pribil, C., et al. Allergic rhinitis and its consequences on quality of sleep: An unexplored area. Arch Intern Med 166 (2006), 1744–1748.
5. 5 Meltzer, E.O., Blaiss, M.S., Naclerio, R.M., Stoloff, S.W., Derebery, M.J., Nelson, H.S., et al. Burden of allergic rhinitis: Allergies in America, Latin America, and Asia-Pacific adult surveys. Allergy Asthma Proc 33:suppl 1 (2012), S113–S141.
6. 6 Cox, L., Nelson, H., Lockey, R., Calabria, C., Chacko, T., Finegold, I., et al. Allergen immunotherapy: a practice parameter third update. J Allergy Clin Immunol 127:suppl (2011), S1–S55.
7. 7 Eifan, A.O., Shamji, M.H., Durham, S.R., Long-term clinical and immunological effects of allergen immunotherapy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 11 (2011), 586–593.
8. 8 Durham, S.R., Walker, S.M., Varga, E.M., Jacobson, M.R., O'Brien, F., Noble, W., et al. Long-term clinical efficacy of grass-pollen immunotherapy. N Engl J Med 341 (1999), 468–475.
9. 9 Grastek (Timothy grass pollen allergen extract tablet for sublingual use). Full prescribing information, 2014, Merck & Co, Kenilworth (NJ).
10. 10 Oralair (sweet vernal, orchard, perennial rye, timothy, and Kentucky blue grass mixed pollens allergen extract tablet for sublingual use). Full prescribing information, 2014, Stallergenes, Antony (France).
11. 11 Ragwitek (short ragweed pollen allergen extract tablet for sublingual use). Full prescribing information, 2014, Merck & Co, Kenilworth (NJ).
12. 12 Bergmann, K.C., Demoly, P., Worm, M., Fokkens, W.J., Carrillo, T., Tabar, A.I., et al. Efficacy and safety of sublingual tablets of house dust mite allergen extracts in adults with allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 133 (2014), 1608–1614.e6.
13. 13 Demoly, P., Emminger, W., Rehm, D., Backer, V., Tommerup, L., Kleine-Tebbe, J., Effective treatment of house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis with 2 doses of the SQ HDM SLIT-tablet: results from a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 137 (2016), 444–451.
14. 14 Nolte, H., Maloney, J., Nelson, H.S., Bernstein, D.I., Lu, S., Li, Z., et al. Onset and dose-related efficacy of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy tablets in an environmental exposure chamber. J Allergy Clin Immunol 135 (2015), 1494–1501.e6.
15. 15 Nolte, H., Bernstein, D.I., Nelson, H.S., Kleine-Tebbe, J., Sussman, G.L., Seitzberg, D., Rehm, D., et al. Efficacy of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy tablet in North American adolescents and adults in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2016 [In press].
16. 16 Wallace, D.V., Dykewicz, M.S., Bernstein, D.I., Blessing-Moore, J., Cox, L., Khan, D.A., et al. The diagnosis and management of rhinitis: an updated practice parameter. J Allergy Clin Immunol 122:suppl (2008), S1–S84.
17. 17 Pullerits, T., Praks, L., Ristioja, V., Lotvall, J., Comparison of a nasal glucocorticoid, antileukotriene, and a combination of antileukotriene and antihistamine in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 109 (2002), 949–955.
18. 18 Kaszuba, S.M., Baroody, F.M., deTineo, M., Haney, L., Blair, C., Naclerio, R.M., Superiority of an intranasal corticosteroid compared with an oral antihistamine in the as-needed treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Arch Intern Med 161 (2001), 2581–2587.
19. 19 Weiner, J.M., Abramson, M.J., Puy, R.M., Intranasal corticosteroids versus oral H1 receptor antagonists in allergic rhinitis: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 317 (1998), 1624–1629.
20. 20 Rak, S., Heinrich, C., Jacobsen, L., Scheynius, A., Venge, P., A double-blinded, comparative study of the effects of short preseason specific immunotherapy and topical steroids in patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 108 (2001), 921–928.
21. 21 Matricardi, P.M., Kuna, P., Panetta, V., Wahn, U., Narkus, A., Subcutaneous immunotherapy and pharmacotherapy in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a comparison based on meta-analyses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 128 (2011), 791–799.e6.
22. 22 Devillier, P., Dreyfus, J.F., Demoly, P., Calderon, M.A., A meta-analysis of sublingual allergen immunotherapy and pharmacotherapy in pollen-induced seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. BMC Med, 12, 2014, 71.
23. 23 Blaiss, M., Maloney, J., Nolte, H., Gawchik, S., Yao, R., Skoner, D.P., Efficacy and safety of timothy grass allergy immunotherapy tablets in North American children and adolescents. J Allergy Clin Immunol 127 (2011), 64–71.e4.
24. 24 Bufe, A., Eberle, P., Franke-Beckmann, E., Funck, J., Kimmig, M., Klimek, L., et al. Safety and efficacy in children of an SQ-standardized grass allergen tablet for sublingual immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 123 (2009), 167–173.e7.
25. 25 Creticos, P.S., Maloney, J., Bernstein, D.I., Casale, T., Kaur, A., Fisher, R., et al. Randomized controlled trial of a ragweed allergy immunotherapy tablet in North American and European adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 131 (2013), 1342–1349.e6.
26. 26 Dahl, R., Kapp, A., Colombo, G., de Monchy, J.G., Rak, S., Emminger, W., et al. Efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy with grass allergen tablets for seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 118 (2006), 434–440.
27. 27 Maloney, J., Bernstein, D.I., Nelson, H., Creticos, P., Hebert, J., Noonan, M., et al. Efficacy and safety of grass sublingual immunotherapy tablet, MK-7243: a large randomized controlled trial. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 112 (2014), 146–153.e2.
28. 28 Murphy, K., Gawchik, S., Bernstein, D., Andersen, J., Rud Pedersen, M., A phase 3 trial assessing the efficacy and safety of grass allergy immunotherapy tablet in subjects with grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis with or without conjunctivitis, with or without asthma. J Negat Results Biomed, 12, 2013, 10.
29. 29 Nelson, H.S., Nolte, H., Creticos, P., Maloney, J., Wu, J., Bernstein, D.I., Efficacy and safety of timothy grass allergy immunotherapy tablet treatment in North American adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 127 (2011), 72–80.e2.
30. 30 Nolte, H., Hebert, J., Berman, G., Gawchik, S., White, M., Kaur, A., et al. Randomized controlled trial of ragweed allergy immunotherapy tablet efficacy and safety in North American adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 110 (2013), 450–456.e4.
31. 31 Chervinsky, P., Philip, G., Malice, M.P., Bardelas, J., Nayak, A., Marchal, J.L., et al. Montelukast for treating fall allergic rhinitis: effect of pollen exposure in 3 studies. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 92 (2004), 367–373.
32. 32 Nayak, A.S., Philip, G., Lu, S., Malice, M.P., Reiss, T.F., Efficacy and tolerability of montelukast alone or in combination with loratadine in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial performed in the fall. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 88 (2002), 592–600.
33. 33 Philip, G., Malmstrom, K., Hampel, F.C., Weinstein, S.F., LaForce, C.F., Ratner, P.H., et al. Montelukast for treating seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial performed in the spring. Clin Exp Allergy 32 (2002), 1020–1028.
34. 34 van Adelsberg, J., Philip, G., LaForce, C.F., Weinstein, S.F., Menten, J., Malice, M.P., et al. Randomized controlled trial evaluating the clinical benefit of montelukast for treating spring seasonal allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 90 (2003), 214–222.
35. 35 van Adelsberg, J., Philip, G., Pedinoff, A.J., Meltzer, E.O., Ratner, P.H., Menten, J., et al. Montelukast improves symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis over a 4-week treatment period. Allergy 58 (2003), 1268–1276.
36. 36 Baena-Cagnani, C.E., Berger, W.E., DuBuske, L.M., Gurne, S.E., Stryszak, P., Lorber, R., et al. Comparative effects of desloratadine versus montelukast on asthma symptoms and use of beta 2-agonists in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 130 (2003), 307–313.
37. 37 Patel, P., Philip, G., Yang, W., Call, R., Horak, F., LaForce, C., et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of montelukast for treating perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 95 (2005), 551–557.
38. 38 Philip, G., Williams-Herman, D., Patel, P., Weinstein, S.F., Alon, A., Gilles, L., et al. Efficacy of montelukast for treating perennial allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc 28 (2007), 296–304.
39. 39 Salmun, L.M., Lorber, R., 24-hour efficacy of once-daily desloratadine therapy in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis [ISRCTN32042139]. BMC Fam Pract, 3, 2002, 14.
40. 40 Anolik, R., Clinical benefits of combination treatment with mometasone furoate nasal spray and loratadine vs monotherapy with mometasone furoate in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 100 (2008), 264–271.
41. 41 Berkowitz, R.B., Bernstein, D.I., LaForce, C., Pedinoff, A.J., Rooklin, A.R., Damaraju, C.R., et al. Onset of action of mometasone furoate nasal spray (NASONEX) in seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergy 54 (1999), 64–69.
42. 42 Kim, K., Sussman, G., Hebert, J., Lumry, W., Lutsky, B., Gates, D., Desloratadine therapy for symptoms associated with perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 96 (2006), 460–465.
43. 43 Simons, F.E., Prenner, B.M., Finn, A. Jr., Desloratadine Study Group. Efficacy and safety of desloratadine in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 111 (2003), 617–622.
44. 44 Drouin, M., Yang, W.H., Bertrand, B., Van Cauwenberge, P., Clement, P., Dalby, K., et al. Once daily mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray is as effective as twice daily beclomethasone dipropionate for treating perennial allergic rhinitis patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 77 (1996), 153–160.
45. 45 Mandl, M., Nolop, K., Lutsky, B.N., Comparison of once daily mometasone furoate (Nasonex) and fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal sprays for the treatment of perennial rhinitis. The 194-079 Study Group. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 79 (1997), 237–245.
46. 46 Data on file. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co; 1992, 1993, 1994, 1998.
47. 47 Wilson, A.M., O'Byrne, P.M., Parameswaran, K., Leukotriene receptor antagonists for allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 116 (2004), 338–344.
48. 48 Calderon, M.A., Birk, A.O., Andersen, J.S., Durham, S.R., Prolonged preseasonal treatment phase with Grazax sublingual immunotherapy increases clinical efficacy. Allergy 62 (2007), 958–961.
49. 49 Durham, S.R., Emminger, W., Kapp, A., de Monchy, J.G., Rak, S., Scadding, G.K., et al. SQ-standardized sublingual grass immunotherapy: confirmation of disease modification 2 years after 3 years of treatment in a randomized trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 129 (2012), 717–725.e5.
50. 50 Meadows, A., Kaambwa, B., Novielli, N., Huissoon, A., Fry-Smith, A., Meads, C., et al. A systematic review and economic evaluation of subcutaneous and sublingual allergen immunotherapy in adults and children with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Health Technol Assess, 17, 2013 vi, xi-xiv, 1-322.
51. 51 Jacobsen, L., Niggemann, B., Dreborg, S., Ferdousi, H.A., Halken, S., Host, A., et al. Specific immunotherapy has long-term preventive effect of seasonal and perennial asthma: 10-year follow-up on the PAT study. Allergy 62 (2007), 943–948.
52. 52 Lin, S.Y., Erekosima, N., Kim, J.M., Ramanathan, M., Suarez-Cuervo, C., Chelladurai, Y., et al. Sublingual immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: a systematic review. JAMA 309 (2013), 1278–1288.
53. 53 Moller, C., Dreborg, S., Ferdousi, H.A., Halken, S., Host, A., Jacobsen, L., et al. Pollen immunotherapy reduces the development of asthma in children with seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis (the PAT-study). J Allergy Clin Immunol 109 (2002), 251–256.
54. 54 Novembre, E., Galli, E., Landi, F., Caffarelli, C., Pifferi, M., De Marco, E., et al. Coseasonal sublingual immunotherapy reduces the development of asthma in children with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 114 (2004), 851–857.
55. 55 Tao, L., Shi, B., Shi, G., Wan, H., Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy for allergic asthma: retrospective meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trials. Clin Respir J 8 (2014), 192–205.
56. 56 Di Bona, D., Plaia, A., Leto-Barone, M.S., La Piana, S., Di Lorenzo, G., Efficacy of grass pollen allergen sublingual immunotherapy tablets for seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med 175 (2015), 1301–1309.
57. Dahl, R., Kapp, A., Colombo, G., de Monchy, J.G., Rak, S., Emminger, W., et al. Efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy with grass allergen tablets for seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 118 (2006), 434–440.
58. Murphy, K., Gawchik, S., Bernstein, D., Andersen, J., Rud Pedersen, M., A phase 3 trial assessing the efficacy and safety of grass allergy immunotherapy tablet in subjects with grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis with or without conjunctivitis, with or without asthma. J Negat Results Biomed, 12, 2013, 10.
59. Bufe, A., Eberle, P., Franke-Beckmann, E., Funck, J., Kimmig, M., Klimek, L., et al. Safety and efficacy in children of an SQ-standardized grass allergen tablet for sublingual immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 123 (2009), 167–173.e7.
60. Blaiss, M., Maloney, J., Nolte, H., Gawchik, S., Yao, R., Skoner, D.P., Efficacy and safety of timothy grass allergy immunotherapy tablets in North American children and adolescents. J Allergy Clin Immunol 127 (2011), 64–71.e4.
61. Nelson, H.S., Nolte, H., Creticos, P., Maloney, J., Wu, J., Bernstein, D.I., Efficacy and safety of timothy grass allergy immunotherapy tablet treatment in North American adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 127 (2011), 72–80.e2.
62. Maloney, J., Bernstein, D.I., Nelson, H., Creticos, P., Hebert, J., Noonan, M., et al. Efficacy and safety of grass sublingual immunotherapy tablet, MK-7243: a large randomized controlled trial. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 112 (2014), 146–153.e2.
63. Nolte, H., Hebert, J., Berman, G., Gawchik, S., White, M., Kaur, A., et al. Randomized controlled trial of ragweed allergy immunotherapy tablet efficacy and safety in North American adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 110 (2013), 450–456.e4.
64. Creticos, P.S., Maloney, J., Bernstein, D.I., Casale, T., Kaur, A., Fisher, R., et al. Randomized controlled trial of a ragweed allergy immunotherapy tablet in North American and European adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 131 (2013), 1342–1349.e6.
65. Demoly, P., Emminger, W., Rehm, D., Backer, V., Tommerup, L., Kleine-Tebbe, J., Effective treatment of house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis with 2 doses of the SQ HDM SLIT-tablet: results from a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 137 (2016), 444–451.
66. Nolte, H., Bernstein, D.I., Nelson, H.S., Kleine-Tebbe, J., Sussman, G.L., Seitzberg, D., Rehm, D., et al. Efficacy of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy tablet in North American adolescents and adults in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2016 [In press].
67. Nayak, A.S., Philip, G., Lu, S., Malice, M.P., Reiss, T.F., Efficacy and tolerability of montelukast alone or in combination with loratadine in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial performed in the fall. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 88 (2002), 592–600.
68. Philip, G., Malmstrom, K., Hampel, F.C., Weinstein, S.F., LaForce, C.F., Ratner, P.H., et al. Montelukast for treating seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial performed in the spring. Clin Exp Allergy 32 (2002), 1020–1028.
69. Chervinsky, P., Philip, G., Malice, M.P., Bardelas, J., Nayak, A., Marchal, J.L., et al. Montelukast for treating fall allergic rhinitis: effect of pollen exposure in 3 studies. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 92 (2004), 367–373.
70. van Adelsberg, J., Philip, G., LaForce, C.F., Weinstein, S.F., Menten, J., Malice, M.P., et al. Randomized controlled trial evaluating the clinical benefit of montelukast for treating spring seasonal allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 90 (2003), 214–222.
71. van Adelsberg, J., Philip, G., Pedinoff, A.J., Meltzer, E.O., Ratner, P.H., Menten, J., et al. Montelukast improves symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis over a 4-week treatment period. Allergy 58 (2003), 1268–1276.
72. Philip, G., Williams-Herman, D., Patel, P., Weinstein, S.F., Alon, A., Gilles, L., et al. Efficacy of montelukast for treating perennial allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc 28 (2007), 296–304.
73. Patel, P., Philip, G., Yang, W., Call, R., Horak, F., LaForce, C., et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of montelukast for treating perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 95 (2005), 551–557.
74. Salmun, L.M., Lorber, R., 24-hour efficacy of once-daily desloratadine therapy in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis [ISRCTN32042139]. BMC Fam Pract, 3, 2002, 14.
75. Data on file. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co; 1992, 1993, 1994, 1998.
76. Baena-Cagnani, C.E., Berger, W.E., DuBuske, L.M., Gurne, S.E., Stryszak, P., Lorber, R., et al. Comparative effects of desloratadine versus montelukast on asthma symptoms and use of beta 2-agonists in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 130 (2003), 307–313.
77. Simons, F.E., Prenner, B.M., Finn, A. Jr., Desloratadine Study Group. Efficacy and safety of desloratadine in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 111 (2003), 617–622.
78. Kim, K., Sussman, G., Hebert, J., Lumry, W., Lutsky, B., Gates, D., Desloratadine therapy for symptoms associated with perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 96 (2006), 460–465.
79. Berkowitz, R.B., Bernstein, D.I., LaForce, C., Pedinoff, A.J., Rooklin, A.R., Damaraju, C.R., et al. Onset of action of mometasone furoate nasal spray (NASONEX) in seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergy 54 (1999), 64–69.
80. Anolik, R., Clinical benefits of combination treatment with mometasone furoate nasal spray and loratadine vs monotherapy with mometasone furoate in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 100 (2008), 264–271.
81. Drouin, M., Yang, W.H., Bertrand, B., Van Cauwenberge, P., Clement, P., Dalby, K., et al. Once daily mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray is as effective as twice daily beclomethasone dipropionate for treating perennial allergic rhinitis patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 77 (1996), 153–160.
82. Mandl, M., Nolop, K., Lutsky, B.N., Comparison of once daily mometasone furoate (Nasonex) and fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal sprays for the treatment of perennial rhinitis. The 194-079 Study Group. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 79 (1997), 237–245.