Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with worse endothelial function among veterans

Journal of the American Heart Association

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2015, Pages

  Grenon, S Marlene ^a,c,d   Owens, Christopher D ^a,c,d   Alley, Hugh ^a,c,d   Perez, Sandra ^a,c,d   Whooley, Mary A ^a,c   Neylan, Thomas C ^b,c   Aschbacher, Kirstin ^b   Gasper, Warren J ^a,c,d   Hilton, Joan F ^b   Cohen, Beth E ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c SAN FRANCISCO VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d Viperx Lab   (United States)

Author keywords

Endothelial dysfunction; Endothelial function; Mental disorder; Posttraumatic stress disorder

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR;

AGE; AGED; ANXIETY ASSESSMENT; ARTERY BLOOD FLOW; ARTICLE; B SCAN; BLOOD VESSEL REACTIVITY; BRACHIAL ARTERY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL EVALUATION; COMORBIDITY; DEMOGRAPHY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DSM-IV; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; FEMALE; GENDER; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; OUTPATIENT; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER CHECKLIST; PRIORITY JOURNAL; ULTRASOUND TRANSDUCER; UNITED STATES; UNIVARIATE ANALYSIS; VASODILATATION; VETERAN; BLOOD FLOW; CALIFORNIA; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CHECKLIST; CHI SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; COMPLICATION; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY; HYPEREMIA; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOLOGY; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; STATISTICAL MODEL; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; VETERANS HEALTH;

ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; AGE FACTORS; AGED; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; BRACHIAL ARTERY; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CHECKLIST; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; COMORBIDITY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSION; ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPEREMIA; HYPERTENSION; LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; OUTPATIENTS; PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SAN FRANCISCO; SEX FACTORS; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER; VASODILATION; VETERANS HEALTH;

EID: 84991520211     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20479980     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.115.003010     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. McEwen BS. The neurobiology of stress: from serendipity to clinical relevance. Brain Res. 2000;886:172-189.
2. McEwen BS. Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:171-179.
3. NIH Fact Sheet for PTSD. Available at: http://report.nih.gov/nihfactsheets/ ViewFactSheet.aspx?csid=58. Accessed 12/3/15.
4. Manguno-Mire G, Laurel Franklin C. Post-traumatic stress disorder. In: Carlstedt RA, ed. Handbook of integrative Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry, and Behavioral Medicine: Perspectives, Practices, and Research. New York, NY: Springer; 2009:358-378.
5. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, McQueen M, Budaj A, Pais P, Varigos J, Lisheng L. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364:937-952.
6. Edmondson D, Cohen BE. Posttraumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2013;55:548-556.
7. Cohen BE, Marmar C, Ren L, Bertenthal D, Seal KH. Association of cardiovascular risk factors with mental health diagnoses in Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans using VA health care. JAMA. 2009;302:489-492.
8. Joannides R, Haefeli WE, Linder L, Richard V, Bakkali EH, Thuillez C, Luscher TF. Nitric oxide is responsible for flow-dependent dilatation of human peripheral conduit arteries in vivo. Circulation. 1995;91:1314-1319.
9. Bersani FS, Wolkowitz OM, Lindqvist D, Yehuda R, Flory J, Bierer LM, Makotine I, Abu-Amara D, Coy M, Reus VI, Epel ES, Marmar C, Mellon SH. Global arginine bioavailability, a marker of nitric oxide synthetic capacity, is decreased in PTSD and correlated with symptom severity and markers of inflammation. Brain Behav Immun. 2016;52:153-160.
10. Heinz A, Hermann D, Smolka MN, Rieks M, Graf KJ, Pohlau D, Kuhn W, Bauer M. Effects of acute psychological stress on adhesion molecules, interleukins and sex hormones: implications for coronary heart disease. Psychopharmacology. 2003;165:111-117.
11. Spieker LE, Hurlimann D, Ruschitzka F, Corti R, Enseleit F, Shaw S, Hayoz D, Deanfield JE, Luscher TF, Noll G. Mental stress induces prolonged endothelial dysfunction via endothelin-A receptors. Circulation. 2002;105:2817-2820.
12. Ghiadoni L, Donald AE, Cropley M, Mullen MJ, Oakley G, Taylor M, O'Connor G, Betteridge J, Klein N, Steptoe A, Deanfield JE. Mental stress induces transient endothelial dysfunction in humans. Circulation. 2000;102:2473-2478.
13. Blanchard EB, Jones-Alexander J, Buckley TC, Forneris CA. Psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist (PCL). Behav Res Ther. 1996;34:669-673.
14. Using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-IV (PCL). Available at: http://www.ptsd.va.- gov/professional/pages/assessments/assessment-pdf/PCL-handout.pdf. Accessed 12/3/15.
15. Keen SM, Kutter CJ, Niles BL, Krinsley KE. Psychometric properties of PTSD Checklist in sample of male veterans. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2008;45:465-474.
16. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16:606-613.
17. Thijssen DH, Black MA, Pyke KE, Padilla J, Atkinson G, Harris RA, Parker B, Widlansky ME, Tschakovsky ME, Green DJ. Assessment of flow-mediated dilation in humans: a methodological and physiological guideline. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2011;300:H2-H12.
18. Grenon SM, Conte MS, Nosova E, Alley H, Chong K, Harris WS, Vittinghoff E, Owens CD. Association between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content of red blood cells and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg. 2013;58:1283-1290.
19. Grenon SM, Owens CD, Alley H, Chong K, Yen PK, Harris W, Hughes-Fulford M, Conte MS. n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in peripheral artery disease: the OMEGA-PAD trial. Vasc Med. 2013;18:263-274.
20. Grenon SM, Chong K, Alley H, Nosova E, Gasper W, Hiramoto J, Boscardin WJ, Owens CD. Walking disability in patients with peripheral artery disease is associated with arterial endothelial function. J Vasc Surg. 2014;59:1025-1034.
21. Nosova EV, Yen P, Chong KC, Alley HF, Stock EO, Quinn A, Hellmann J, Conte MS, Owens CD, Spite M, Grenon SM. Short-term physical inactivity impairs vascular function. J Surg Res. 2014;190:672-682.
22. Alley H, Owens CD, Gasper WJ, Grenon SM. Ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery in clinical research. J Vis Exp. 2014;e52070.
23. Corretti MC, Anderson TJ, Benjamin EJ, Celermajer D, Charbonneau F, Creager MA, Deanfield J, Drexler H, Gerhard-Herman M, Herrington D, Vallance P, Vita J, Vogel R; International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task F. Guidelines for the ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery: a report of the International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39:257-265.
24. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:461-470.
25. Kubzansky LD, Koenen KC. Is posttraumatic stress disorder related to development of heart disease? An update Cleve Clin J Med. 2009;76(suppl 2): S60-S65.
26. Vaccarino V, Goldberg J, Rooks C, Shah AJ, Veledar E, Faber TL, Votaw JR, Forsberg CW, Bremner JD. Posttraumatic stress disorder and incidence of coronary heart disease: a Twin Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62:970-978.
27. Ahmadi N, Hajsadeghi F, Mirshkarlo HB, Budoff M, Yehuda R, Ebrahimi R. Posttraumatic stress disorder, coronary atherosclerosis, and mortality. Am J Cardiol. 2011;108:29-33.
28. von Kanel R, Hepp U, Traber R, Kraemer B, Mica L, Keel M, Mausbach BT, Schnyder U. Measures of endothelial dysfunction in plasma of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2008;158:363-373.
29. Violanti JM, Andrew ME, Burchfiel CM, Dorn J, Hartley T, Miller DB. Posttraumatic stress symptoms and subclinical cardiovascular disease in police officers. Int J Stress Manag. 2006;13:541-554.
30. Ras RT, Streppel MT, Draijer R, Zock PL. Flow-mediated dilation and cardiovascular risk prediction: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:344-351.
31. Xu Y, Arora RC, Hiebert BM, Lerner B, Szwajcer A, McDonald K, Rigatto C, Komenda P, Sood MM, Tangri N. Non-invasive endothelial function testing and the risk of adverse outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;15:736-746.
32. Liu Y, Mladinov D, Pietrusz JL, Usa K, Liang M. Glucocorticoid response elements and 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. Cardiovasc Res. 2009;81:140-147.
33. Dugue B, Leppanen E, Grasbeck R. Preanalytical factors (biological variation) and the measurement of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in humans: influence of the time of day, food intake, and physical and psychological stress. Clin Chem. 1999;45:1543-1547.
34. Boscarino JA. Posttraumatic stress disorder, exposure to combat, and lower plasma cortisol among Vietnam veterans: findings and clinical implications. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1996;64:191-201.
35. Heim C, Ehlert U, Hellhammer DH. The potential role of hypocortisolism in the pathophysiology of stress-related bodily disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2000;25:1-35.
36. Maes M, Lin AH, Delmeire L, Van Gastel A, Kenis G, De Jongh R, Bosmans E. Elevated serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-6 receptor concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder following accidental man-made traumatic events. Biol Psychiatry. 1999;45:833-839.
37. Szotowski B, Antoniak S, Poller W, Schultheiss HP, Rauch U. Procoagulant soluble tissue factor is released from endothelial cells in response to inflammatory cytokines. Circ Res. 2005;96:1233-1239.
38. von Kanel R, Hepp U, Kraemer B, Traber R, Keel M, Mica L, Schnyder U. Evidence for low-grade systemic proinflammatory activity in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2007;41:744-752.
39. Aschbacher K, O'Donovan A, Wolkowitz OM, Dhabhar FS, Su Y, Epel E. Good stress, bad stress and oxidative stress: insights from anticipatory cortisol reactivity. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013;38:1698-1708.
40. Noll G, Wenzel RR, Schneider M, Oesch V, Binggeli C, Shaw S, Weidmann P, Luscher TF. Increased activation of sympathetic nervous system and endothelin by mental stress in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents. Circulation. 1996;93:866-869.
41. Kosunen KJ. Plasma renin activity, angiotensin II, and aldosterone after mental arithmetic. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1977;37:425-429.
42. Chen H, Zhang L, Zhang M, Song X, Zhang H, Liu Y, Lv S. Relationship of depression, stress and endothelial function in stable angina patients. Physiol Behav. 2013;118:152-158.
43. Flory JD, Yehuda R. Comorbidity between post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder: alternative explanations and treatment considerations. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015;17:141-150.