Elevated serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-6 receptor concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder following accidental man-made traumatic events

Biological Psychiatry

Volumn 45, Issue 7, 1999, Pages 833-839

  Maes, Michael ^a,b,c   Lin, Ai Hua ^a   Delmeire, Laure ^a   Van Gastel, Ann ^a   Kenis, Gunter ^d,e   De Jongh, Raf ^d   Bosmans, Eugène ^e  

^a Clinical Research Center for Mental Health of Antwerp   (Belgium)

^b VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c IRCCS ISTITUTO CENTRO SAN GIOVANNI DI DIO FATEBENEFRATELLI   (Italy)

^d Campus Oost Limburg ^*  (Belgium)

^e Eurogenetics   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Catecholamines; Cytokines; Interleukin 6; Major depression; Posttraumatic stress disorder

Indexed keywords

CD8 ANTIGEN; CYTOKINE; GLYCOPROTEIN GP 130; INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERLEUKIN 6 RECEPTOR;

ACCIDENT; ADULT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; CATECHOLAMINE RELEASE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FIRE; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; INFLAMMATION; LIFE EVENT; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT;

ACCIDENTS; ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANTIGENS, CD8; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DEPRESSION; DISASTERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, CELLULAR; INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN-6; MALE; MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEINS; MIDDLE AGED; PROTEINS; RECEPTORS, INTERLEUKIN-1; RECEPTORS, INTERLEUKIN-6; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SIALOGLYCOPROTEINS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STATISTICS; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; SURVIVORS; UTEROGLOBIN;

EID: 0033120020     PISSN: 00063223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00131-0     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Abreu P., Llorente E., Hernandez M.M., Gonzales M.C. Interleukin-1 stimulates tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the median eminence. Neuroimmunology. 5:1994;1356-1358.
2. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 3rd ed. 1980;American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC.
3. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 3rd ed, rev. 1987;American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC.
4. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. 1994;American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC.
5. Arora R.C., Fichtner C.G., O'Connor F., Crayton J.W. Paroxetine binding in the blood platelets of post-traumatic stress disorder patients. Life Sci. 53:1993;919-928.
6. Benigni F., Fantuzzi G., Sacco S., et al. Six different cytokines that share GP 130 as receptor subunit. Blood. 87:1996;1851-1854.
7. Blanchard E.B., Kolb L.C., Prins A., Gates S., McCoy G.C. Changes in plasma norepinephrine to combat-related stimuli among Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis. 179:1991;371-373.
8. Burges Watson I.P., Muller H.K., Jones I.H., Bradley A.J. Cell-mediated immunity in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Med J Aust. 8:1993;513-516.
9. Burges Watson I.P., Muller H.K., Hoffman L., Wilson G., Jones I.H. Cell-mediated immunity in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Med J Aust. 162:1995;55-56.
10. Cavaillon J.-M. Interleukin-6. Cavaillon J.-M. Les Cytokines. 1996;184-199 Masson, Paris.
11. Cunningham E.T. Jr, de Souza E.B. Interleukin 1 receptors in the brain and endocrine tissues. Immunol Today. 14:1993;171-176.
12. Dinarello C.A. The biological properties of interleukin-1. Eur Cytokine Netw. 5:1994;517-531.
13. Dunn A.J. Systemic interleukin-1 administration stimulates hypothalamic norepinephrine metabolism parallelling the increased plasma corticosterone. Life Sci. 43:1988;429-435.
14. Durum S.K., Oppenheim J.J. Macrophage-derived mediators Interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6, interferon, and related cytokines . Paul W.E. Fundamental Immunology. 1989;639-676 Raven Press, New York.
15. Fukata J., Usui T., Naitoh Y., Nakai Y., Imura H. Effects of recombinant human interleukin-1 alpha, -1 beta, 2 and 6 on ACTH synthesis and release in the mouse pituitary tumour cell line AtT-20. J Endocrinol. 122:1989;33-39.
16. Gabellec M.-M., Griffais R., Fillion G., Haour F. Expression of interleukin 1α, interleukin-1β and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist mRNA in mouse brain Regulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment . Mol Brain Res. 31:1995;122-130.
17. Gearing D.P., Comeau M.R., Friend D.J., et al. The IL-6 signal transducer, gp130 An oncostatin M receptor and affinity converter for the LIF receptor . Science. 255:1992;1434-1437.
18. Grillon C., Southwick S.M., Charney D.S. The psychobiological basis of posttraumatic stress disorder. Mol Psychiatry. 1:1996;278-297.
19. Haas H.S., Schauenstein K. Neuroimmunomodulation via limbic structures The neuroanatomy of psychoimmunology . Prog Neurobiol. 51:1997;195-222.
20. Haefeli W.E., Bargetzi M.J., Starnes H.F., Blaschke T.F., Hoffman B.B. Evidence for activation of the sympathetic nervous system by recombinant human interleukin-1β in humans. J Immunother. 13:1993;136-140.
21. Hammer M.B., Diamond B.I. Elevated plasma dopamine in posttraumatic stress disorder A preliminary report . Biol Psychiatry. 33:1993;304-306.
22. Hirano T. Interleukin-6. Thomson A.W. The Cytokine Handbook. 1991;169-190 Academic Press, London.
23. Ironson G., Wynings C., Schneiderman N., et al. Posttraumatic stress symptoms, intrusive thoughts, loss, and immune function after hurricane Andrew. Psychosom Med. 59:1997;128-141.
24. Janca A., Üstun T.B., Sartorius N. New versions of World Health Organization instruments for the assessment of mental disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 90:1994;73-83.
25. Kent S., Bluthé R.-M., Kelley K.W., Dantzer R. Sickness behavior as a new target for drug development. Trends in Pharmacological Science (TiPS). 13:1992;24-28.
26. Kosten T.R., Mason J.W., Giller E.L., Ostroff R.B., Harkness L. Sustained urinary norepinephrine and epinephrine elevation in post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 12:1987;13-20.
27. Kushima Y., Hama T., Hatanaka H. Interleukin-6 as a neurotrophic factor for promoting the survival of cultured catecholaminergic neurons in a chemically defined medium from fetal and postnatal rat midbrains. Neurosci Res. 13:1992;267-280.
28. LeMay L.G., Vander A.J., Kluger M.J. The effects of psychological stress on plasma interleukin-6 activity in rats. Physiol Behav. 47:1990;957-961.
29. Linthorst A.C.E., Flachskamm C., Holsboer F., Reul J.M.H.M. Intraperitoneal administration of bacterial endotoxin enhances noradrenergic neurotransmission in the rat preoptic area Relationship with body temperature and hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical axis activity . Eur J Neurosci. 7:1995;2418-2430.
30. Maes M. The immune pathophysiology of major depression. Honig A., van Praag H. Depression Neurobiological, Psychopathological and Therapeutic Advances . 1997;197-215 Chichester, U.K, Wiley.
31. Maes M., Meltzer H.Y., Bosmans E., et al. Increased plasma concentrations of interleukin-6, soluble interleukin-6, soluble interleukin-2 and transferrin receptor in major depression. J Affect Disord. 34:1995;301-309.
32. Maes M., Smith R., Scharpe S. The monocyte-T lymphocyte hypothesis of major depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 20:1995;111-116.
33. Maes M., Vandoolaeghe E., Ranjan R., Bosmans E., Bergmans R., Desnyder R. Increased serum interleukin-1-receptor-antagonist concentrations in major depression. J Affect Disord. 36:1995;29-36.
34. Maes M., Vandoolaeghe E., Ranjan R., et al. Increased serum soluble CD8 or suppressor/cytotoxic antigen concentrations in depression Suppressive effects of glucocorticoids . Biol Psychiatry. 40:1996;1273-1281.
35. Maes M, Song C, Lin A, et al (in press a): The effects of psychological stress on humans: Increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and a Th-1-like response in stress-induced anxiety. Cytokine.
36. Maes M, Song C, Lin A, et al (in press b): Immune and clinical correlates of psychological stress-induced production of interferon-γ and IL-10 in humans. In: Plotnikoff NP, editor. Cytokines, Stress and Immunity. CRC-Press.
37. Marz P., Gadient R.A., Otten U. Expression of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) and gp130 mRNA in PC12 cells and sympathetic neurons Modulation by tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) . Brain Res. 706:1996;71-79.
38. Minami M., Kuraishi Y., Yamaguchi T., Nakai S., Hirai Y., Satoh M. Immobilization stress induces interleukin-1 beta mRNA in the rat hypothalamus. Neurosci Lett. 25:1991;254-256.
39. Murakami-Mori K., Taga T., Kishimoto T., Nakamura S. The soluble form of the IL-6 receptor (sIL-6Rα) is a potent growth factor for AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) cells; The soluble form of gp130 is antagonistic for IL-6Rα-induced AIDS-KS cell growth. Int Immunol. 8:1996;595-602.
40. Narazaki M., Yasukawa K., Saito T., et al. Soluble forms of the interleukin-6 signal-transducing receptor component gp130 in human serum possessing a potential to inhibit signals through membrane-anchored gp130. Blood. 82:1993;1120-1126.
41. Navarra P., Tsagarakis S., Faria M.S., Rees L.H., Besser G.M., Grossman A.B. Interleukins-1 and -6 stimulate the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone 41 from rat hypothalamus in vitro via the eicosanoid cyclooxygenase pathway. Endocrinology. 128:1991;37-44.
42. Peters L., Andrews G., Cottler L.B., Chatter S., Janca A., Smeets R.M.W. The Composite International diagnostic Interview Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Module Preliminary data . Int J Meth Psychiatry Res. 6:1996;167-174.
43. Peters M., Jacobs S., Ehlers M., et al. The function of the soluble interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor in vivo Sensitization of human soluble IL-6 receptor transgenic mice towards IL-6 and prolongation of the plasma half-life of IL-6 . J Exp Med. 183:1996;1399-1406.
44. Pitman R.K., Orr S.P. Twenty-four hour urinary cortisol and catecholamine excretion in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 27:1990;245-247.
45. Pitossi F., del Rey A., Kabiersch A., Besedovsky H. Induction of cytokine transcripts in the central nervous system and pituitary following peripheral administration of endotoxin to mice. J Neurosci Res. 48:1997;287-298.
46. Ramamoorthy S., Ramamoorthy J.D., Prasad P.D., et al. Regulation of the human serotonin transporter by interleukin-1 beta. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 216:1995;560-567.
47. Resnick H.S., Kilpatrick D.G., Dansky B.S., Saunders B.E., Best C.L. Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women. J Consult Clin Psychol. 61:1993;984-991.
48. Rivier C., Vale W., Brown M. In the rat, interleukin-1α and -β stimulate adrenocorticotropin and catecholamine release. Endocrinology. 125:1989;3096-3102.
49. Saito T., Taga T., Miki D., Futatsugi K., Yawata H., Kishimoto T., et al. Preparation of monoclonal antibodies against the IL-6 signal transducer, gp130, that can inhibit IL-6-mediated function. J Immunol Meth. 163:1993;217-223.
50. Schobitz B., de Kloet E.R., Sutanto W., Holsboer F. Cellular localization of interleukin 6 mRNA and interleukin 6 receptor mRNA in rat brain. Eur J Neurosci. 5:1993;1426-1435.
51. Shintani F., Kanba S., Nakaki T., et al. Interleukin-1β augments release of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in the rat anterior hypothalamus. J Neurosci. 13:1993;3574-3581.
52. Sluzewska A., Rybakowski J., Bosmans E., et al. Indicators of immune activation in major depression. Psychiatry Res. 64:1996;161-167.
53. Solomon G.F., Segerstrom S.C., Grohr P., et al. Shaking up immunity Psychological and immunologic changes after a natural disaster . Psychosom Med. 59:1997;114-127.
54. Soszynski D., Kozak W., Conn C.A., Rudolph K., Kluger M.J. Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists suppress elevation in body temperature and increase in plasma IL-6 in rats exposed to open field. Neuroendocrinology. 63:1996;459-467.
55. Southwick S.M., Krystal J.H., Morgan C.A., et al. Abnormal noradernergic function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 50:1993;226-274.
56. Spitzer R.L., Williams J.B.W., Gibbon M.S.W., First M.B. Structured Clinical Interview according to DSM-III-R. 1990;American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC.
57. Spivak B., Shohat B., Mester R., et al. Elevated levels of serum interleukin-1 in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 42:1997;345-348.
58. Tominaga T., Fukata J., Naito Y., et al. Prostaglandin-dependent in vitro stimulation of adrenocortical steroidogenesis by interleukins. Endocrinology. 128:1991;526-531.
59. Wolfe J., Keane T.M. Diagnostic validity of posttraumatic stress disorder. Wolf M.E., Mosnaim A.D. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Etiology, Phenomenology, and Treatment . 1990;49-63 American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC.
60. Yamasaki K., Taga Y., Hirata Y., et al. Cloning and expression of the human interleukin-6 (BSF-2/IFNβ 2) receptor. Science. 241:1988;825-828.
61. Yehuda R., Levengood R.A., Schmeidler J., Wilson S., Guo L.S., Gerber D. Increased pituitary activation following metyrapone administration in post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 21:1996;1-16.
62. Yirmiya R., Avitsur R., Donchin O., Cohen E. Interleukin-1 inhibits sexual behavior in female but not in male rats. Brain Behav Immun. 9:1995;220-233.
63. Zalcman S., Shanks N., Anisman H. Time-dependent variations of central norepinephrine and dopamine following antigen administration. Brain Res. 557:1991;69-76.
64. Zalcman S., Green-Johnson J.M., Murray L., et al. Cytokine-specific central monoamine alterations induced by interleukin-1, -2 and -6. Brain Res. 643:1994;40-49.
65. Zhou D., Kusnecov A.W., Shurin M.R., De Paoli M., Rabin B. Exposure to physical and psychological stressors elevates plasma interleukin-6 Relationship to the activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis . Endocrinology. 133:1993;2523-2530.
66. Zweig M.H., Campbell G. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots A fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine . Clin Chem. 39:1993;561-577.