Electroencephalogram variability in patients with cirrhosis associates with the presence and severity of hepatic encephalopathy

Journal of Hepatology

Volumn 65, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 517-523

  Olesen, Søren Schou ^a   Gram, Mikkel ^a   Jackson, Clive Douglas ^b   Halliday, Edwin ^c   Sandberg, Thomas Holm ^a   Drewes, Asbjørn Mohr ^a,d   Morgan, Marsha Yvonne ^c  

^a AALBORG UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^b ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^d AALBORG UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Biological variability; Cirrhosis; Continuous wavelet transform; Electroencephalogram; Hepatic encephalopathy; Sample entropy; Spectral analysis

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ALCOHOL LIVER CIRRHOSIS; ALPHA RHYTHM; ARTICLE; BETA RHYTHM; CHRONIC ACTIVE HEPATITIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DELTA RHYTHM; DISEASE SEVERITY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH; ENTROPY; FATTY LIVER; FEMALE; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOMETRY; THETA RHYTHM; WAKEFULNESS; WAVELET ANALYSIS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY;

ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HUMANS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; PSYCHOMETRICS;

EID: 84991106717     PISSN: 01688278     EISSN: 16000641     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.05.004     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. [1] Bajaj, J.S., Wade, J.B., Sanyal, A.J., Spectrum of neurocognitive impairment in cirrhosis: Implications for the assessment of hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatology 50 (2009), 2014–2021.
2. [2] Bustamante, J., Rimola, A., Ventura, P.J., Navasa, M., Cirera, I., Reggiardo, V., et al. Prognostic significance of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 30 (1999), 890–895.
3. [3] Amodio, P., Del Piccolo, F., Marchetti, P., Angeli, P., Iemmolo, R., Caregaro, L., et al. Clinical features and survival of cirrhotic patients with subclinical cognitive alterations detected by the number connection test and computerized psychometric tests. Hepatology 29 (1999), 1662–1667.
4. [4] Groeneweg, M., Quero, J.C., De Bruijn, I., Hartmann, I.J.C., Essink-Bot, M.L., Hop, W.C.J., et al. Subclinical hepatic encephalopathy impairs daily functioning. Hepatology 28 (1998), 45–49.
5. [5] Bajaj, J., Minimal hepatic encephalopathy matters in daily life. World J Gastroenterol 14 (2008), 3609–3615.
6. [6] Foley, J.M., Watson, C.W., Adams, R.D., Significance of the electroencephalographic changes in hepatic coma. Trans Am Neurol Assoc 51 (1950), 161–165.
7. [7] Montagnese, S., Amodio, P., Morgan, M.Y., Methods for diagnosing hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis: a multidimensional approach. Metab Brain Dis 19 (2004), 281–312.
8. [8] Sagal, T., Gimeno, V., De Calzada, M.D., Casellas, F., Maci, D., Soriano, M.V., Brain mapping analysis in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Brain Topogr 2 (1990), 221–228.
9. [9] Kullmann, F., Hollerbach, S., Lock, G., Holstege, A., Dierks, T., Schölmerich, J., Brain electrical activity mapping of EEG for the diagnosis of (sub) clinical hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 13 (2001), 513–522.
10. [10] Olesen, S.S., Graversen, C., Hansen, T.M., Blauenfeldt, R.A., Hansen, J.B., Steimle, K., et al. Spectral and dynamic electroencephalogram abnormalities are correlated to psychometric test performance in hepatic encephalopathy. Scand J Gastroenterol 46 (2011), 988–996.
11. [11] Montagnese, S., Jackson, C., Morgan, M.Y., Spatio-temporal decomposition of the electroencephalogram in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 46 (2007), 447–458.
12. [12] Lipsitz, L.A., Goldberger, A.L., Loss of ’complexity’ and aging: potential applications of fractals and chaos theory to senescence. JAMA 267 (1992), 1806–1809.
13. [13] Goldberger, A.L., Peng, C.-K., Lipsitz, L.A., What is physiologic complexity and how does it change with aging and disease?. Neurobiol Aging 23 (2002), 23–26.
14. [14] Elger, C.E., Lehnertz, K., Seizure prediction by non-linear time series analysis of brain electrical activity. Eur J Neurosci 10 (1998), 786–789.
15. [15] Besthorn, C., Sattel, H., Geiger-Kabisch, C., Zerfass, R., Förstl, H., Parameters of EEG dimensional complexity in Alzheimer's disease. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 95 (1995), 84–89.
16. [16] Seely, A.J.E., Macklem, P.T., Complex systems and the technology of variability analysis. Crit Care 8 (2004), R367–R384.
17. [17] Durka, P.J., From wavelets to adaptive approximations: time-frequency parametrization of EEG. Biomed Eng Online, 2, 2003, 1.
18. [18] Richman, J.S., Moorman, J.R., Physiological time-series analysis using approximate entropy and sample entropy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 278 (2000), H2039–H2049.
19. [19] Akin, M., Comparison of wavelet transform and FFT methods in the analysis of EEG signals. J Med Syst 26 (2002), 241–247.
20. [20] Pugh, R.N.H., Murray-Lyon, I.M., Dawson, J.L., Pietroni, M.C., Williams, R., Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 60 (1973), 646–649.
21. [21] Conn, H.O., Leevy, C.M., Vlahcevic, Z.R., Rodgers, J.B., Maddrey, W.C., Seeff, L., et al. Comparison of lactulose and neomycin in the treatment of chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy. A double blind controlled trial. Gastroenterology 72 (1977), 573–583.
22. [22] Weissenborn, K., Ennen, J.C., Schomerus, H., Rückert, N., Hecker, H., Neuropsychological characterization of hepatic encephalopathy. J Hepatol 34 (2001), 768–773.
23. [23] Marks, M., Jackson, C., Montagnese, S., Jenkins, C., Head, I., Morris, R., et al. Derivation of a normative UK database for the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES): confounding effect of ethnicity and test scoring. J Hepatol, 48, 2008, S119 300.
24. [24] Van der Rijt, C.C., Schalm, S.W., De Groot, G.H., De Vlieger, M., Objective measurement of hepatic encephalopathy by means of automated EEG analysis. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 57 (1984), 423–426.
25. [25] Quero, J.C., Hartmann, I.J.C., Meulstee, J., Hop, W.C.J., Schalm, S.W., The diagnosis of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis using neuropsychological tests and automated electroencephalogram analysis. Hepatology 24 (1996), 556–560.
26. [26] Amodio, P., Del Piccolo, F., Pettenò, E., Mapelli, D., Angeli, P., Iemmolo, R., et al. Prevalence and prognostic value of quantified electroencephalogram (EEG) alterations in cirrhotic patients. J Hepatol 35 (2001), 37–45.
27. [27] Marchetti, P., D'Avanzo, C., Orsato, R., Montagnese, S., Schiff, S., Kaplan, P.W., et al. Electroencephalography in patients with cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 141 (2011), 1680–1689.
28. [28] Broughton, R., Hasan, J., Quantitative topographic electroencephalographic mapping during drowsiness and sleep onset. J Clin Neurophysiol 12 (1995), 372–386.
29. [29] Lydall, G.J., Saini, J., Ruparelia, K., Montagnese, S., McQuillin, A., Guerrini, I., et al. Genetic association study of GABRA2 single nucleotide polymorphisms and electroencephalography in alcohol dependence. Neurosci Lett 500 (2011), 162–166.
30. [30] Saletu-Zyhlarz, G.M., Arnold, O., Anderer, P., Oberndorfer, S., Walter, H., Lesch, O.M., et al. Differences in brain function between relapsing and abstaining alcohol-dependent patients, evaluated by EEG mapping. Alcohol Alcohol 39 (2004), 233–240.
31. [31] Anstee, Q.M., Knapp, S., Maguire, E.P., Hosie, A.M., Thomas, P., Mortensen, M., et al. Mutations in the Gabrb1 gene promote alcohol consumption through increased tonic inhibition. Nat Commun, 4, 2013, 2816.
32. [32] Bauer, L.O., Predicting relapse to alcohol and drug abuse via quantitative electroencephalography. Neuropsychopharmacology 25 (2001), 332–340.
33. [33] Jao, T., Schröter, M., Chen, C.-L., Cheng, Y.-F., Lo, C.-Y.Z., Chou, K.-H., et al. Functional brain network changes associated with clinical and biochemical measures of the severity of hepatic encephalopathy. Neuroimage 122 (2015), 332–344.
34. [34] Parsons-Smith, B.G., Summerskill, W.H., Dawson, A.M., Sherlock, S., The electroencephalograph in liver disease. Lancet 273 (1957), 867–871.
35. [35] Amodio, P., Orsato, R., Marchetti, P., Schiff, S., Poci, C., Angeli, P., et al. Electroencephalographic analysis for the assessment of hepatic encephalopathy: comparison of non-parametric and parametric spectral estimation techniques. Neurophysiol Clin 39 (2009), 107–115.
36. [36] Llinás, R., Jahnsen, H., Electrophysiology of mammalian thalamic neurones in vitro. Nature 297 (1982), 406–408.
37. [37] Llinás, R.R., Ribary, U., Jeanmonod, D., Kronberg, E., Mitra, P.P., Thalamocortical dysrhythmia: A neurological and neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by magnetoencephalography. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96 (1999), 15222–15227.
38. [38] Sarnthein, J., Stern, J., Aufenberg, C., Rousson, V., Jeanmonod, D., Increased EEG power and slowed dominant frequency in patients with neurogenic pain. Brain 129 (2006), 55–64.
39. [39] Mani, A.R., Montagnese, S., Jackson, C.D., Jenkins, C.W., Head, I.M., Stephens, R.C., et al. Decreased heart rate variability in patients with cirrhosis relates to the presence and degree of hepatic encephalopathy. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 296 (2009), G330–G338.
40. [40] Kim, C.K., McGorray, S.P., Bartholomew, B.A., Marsh, M., Dicken, T., Wassertheil-Smoller, S., et al. Depressive symptoms and heart rate variability in postmenopausal women. Arch Intern Med 165 (2005), 1239–1244.
41. [41] Kim, D.H., Lipsitz, L.A., Ferrucci, L., Varadhan, R., Guralnik, J.M., Carlson, M.C., et al. Association between reduced heart rate variability and cognitive impairment in older disabled women in the community: Women's Health and Aging Study I. J Am Geriatr Soc 54 (2006), 1751–1757.
42. [42] Vigo, D.E., Nicola Siri, L., Ladrón De Guevara, M.S., Martínez-Martínez, J.A., Fahrer, R.D., Cardinali, D.P., et al. Relation of depression to heart rate nonlinear dynamics in patients > or =60 years of age with recent unstable angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 93 (2004), 756–760.